6. The Analysis of Conditional Origination (VB6)

2.7. The Associations Tetrad

At that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process associated with ignorance, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness associated with a (volitional) process, with consciousness as condition: mind associated with consciousness, with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere associated with mind, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact associated with the sixth sense sphere, with contact as condition: feeling associated with contact, with feeling as condition: craving associated with feeling, with craving as condition: attachment associated with craving, with attachment as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process associated with ignorance?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process associated with ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness associated with a (volitional) process?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness associated with a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind associated with consciousness?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind associated with consciousness’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere associated with mind?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere associated with mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact associated with the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact: this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact associated with the sixth sense sphere’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling associated with contact?’

That which is mental agreeableness, mental pleasure, pleasant and agreeable experience born of contact with the mind, pleasant and agreeable feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling associated with contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: craving associated with feeling?’

That which is passion, passionateness, fawning, compliance, enjoyment, passionate enjoyment, passionateness of mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: craving associated with feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with craving as condition: attachment rooted in craving?’

That which is (wrong) view, resorting to (wrong) view, the jungle of (wrong) view, the wilderness of (wrong) view, the distortion of (wrong) view, the agitation of (wrong) view, the fetter of (wrong) view, obsession, tenacity, inclination, grasping, bad path, wrong road, the state of being wrong, within the heretical sphere, obsession with what is perverse: this is said to be ‘with craving as condition: attachment rooted in craving’.

Herein, what is ‘with attachment as condition: continuation?’

Except for attachment, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with attachment as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death,

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it. This is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

At that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process associated with ignorance, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness associated with a (volitional) process, with consciousness as condition: mind associated with consciousness, with mind as condition: contact associated with mind, with contact as condition: feeling associated with contact, with feeling as condition: craving associated with feeling, with craving as condition: attachment associated with craving, with attachment as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process associated with ignorance?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process associated with ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness associated with a (volitional) process?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness associated with a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind associated with consciousness?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind associated with consciousness’.

‘With mind as condition: contact associated with mind’. Herein, what is ‘mind?’

Except for contact, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind as condition: contact associated with mind?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact: this is said to be ‘with mind as condition: contact associated with mind.'

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling?’

That which is mental agreeableness, mental pleasure, pleasant and agreeable experience born of contact with the mind, pleasant and agreeable feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: craving?’

That which is passion, passionateness, fawning, compliance, enjoyment, passionate enjoyment, passionateness of mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: craving’.

Herein, what is ‘with craving as condition: attachment?’

That which is (wrong) view, resorting to (wrong) view, the jungle of (wrong) view, the wilderness of (wrong) view, the distortion of (wrong) view, the agitation of (wrong) view, the fetter of (wrong) view, obsession, tenacity, inclination, grasping, bad path, wrong road, the state of being wrong, within the heretical sphere, obsession with what is perverse: this is said to be ‘with craving as condition: attachment’.

Herein, what is ‘with attachment as condition: continuation?’

Except for attachment, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with attachment as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death,

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it. This is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

At that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process associated with ignorance, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness associated with a (volitional) process, with consciousness as condition: mind and bodily form with mind (only) associated with consciousness, with mind and bodily form as condition: the sixth sense sphere associated with mind, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact associated with the sixth sense sphere, with contact as condition: feeling associated with contact, with feeling as condition: craving associated with feeling, with craving as condition: attachment associated with craving, with attachment as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process associated with ignorance?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process associated with ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness associated with a (volitional) process?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness associated with a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind and bodily form with mind (only) associated with consciousness?’

There is mind, there is bodily form.

Herein, what is ‘mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘mind’.

Herein, what is ‘bodily form?’

The accumulation (that produces) the eye sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the ear sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the nose sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the tongue sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the body sense sphere, or whatever other bodily form there is born of mind, rooted in mind, originating in mind: this is said to be ‘bodily form’.

Thus, this is mind and this is bodily form.

This is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind and bodily form with mind (only) associated with consciousness’.

‘With mind and bodily form as condition: the sixth sense sphere associated with mind’.

There is mind, there is bodily form.

Herein, what is ‘mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘mind’.

Herein, what is ‘bodily form?’

That bodily form dependent on which mind-consciousness element exists: this is said to be ‘bodily form’.

Thus, this is mind and this is bodily form.

This is said to be ‘mind and bodily form’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere associated with mind?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere associated with mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact associated with the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact: this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact associated with the sixth sense sphere’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling?’

That which is mental agreeableness, mental pleasure, pleasant and agreeable experience born of contact with the mind, pleasant and agreeable feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: craving?’

That which is passion, passionateness, fawning, compliance, enjoyment, passionate enjoyment, passionateness of mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: craving’.

Herein, what is ‘with craving as condition: attachment?’

That which is (wrong) view, resorting to (wrong) view, the jungle of (wrong) view, the wilderness of (wrong) view, the distortion of (wrong) view, the agitation of (wrong) view, the fetter of (wrong) view, obsession, tenacity, inclination, grasping, bad path, wrong road, the state of being wrong, within the heretical sphere, obsession with what is perverse: this is said to be ‘with craving as condition: attachment’.

Herein, what is ‘with attachment as condition: continuation?’

Except for attachment, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with attachment as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death,

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it. This is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

At that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process associated with ignorance, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness associated with a (volitional) process, with consciousness as condition: mind and bodily form with mind (only) associated with consciousness, with mind and bodily form as condition: the six sense spheres with the sixth sense sphere (only) associated with mind, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact associated with the sixth sense sphere, with contact as condition: feeling associated with contact, with feeling as condition: craving associated with feeling, with craving as condition: attachment associated with craving, with attachment as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process associated with ignorance?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process associated with ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness associated with a (volitional) process?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness associated with a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind and bodily form with mind (only) associated with consciousness?’

There is mind, there is bodily form.

Herein, what is ‘mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘mind’.

Herein, what is ‘bodily form?’

The accumulation (that produces) the eye sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the ear sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the nose sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the tongue sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the body sense sphere, or whatever other bodily form there is born of mind, rooted in mind, originating in mind: this is said to be ‘bodily form’.

Thus, this is mind and this is bodily form.

This is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind and bodily form with mind (only) associated with consciousness’.

‘With mind and bodily form as condition: the six sense spheres with the sixth sense sphere (only) associated with mind’.

There is mind, there is bodily form.

Herein, what is ‘mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘mind’.

Herein, what is ‘bodily form?’

(There are) the four great entities, and that bodily form dependent on which mind-consciousness element exists: this is said to be ‘bodily form’.

Thus, this is mind and this is bodily form.

This is said to be ‘mind and bodily form’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind and bodily form as condition: the six sense spheres with the sixth sense sphere (only) associated with mind?’

(There is the) eye sense sphere, ear sense sphere, nose sense sphere, tongue sense sphere, body sense sphere, mind sense sphere: this is said to be ‘with mind and bodily form as condition: the six sense spheres with the sixth sense sphere (only) associated with mind.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact associated with the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact: this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact associated with the sixth sense sphere’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling?’

That which is mental agreeableness, mental pleasure, pleasant and agreeable experience born of contact with the mind, pleasant and agreeable feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: craving?’

That which is passion, passionateness, fawning, compliance, enjoyment, passionate enjoyment, passionateness of mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: craving’.

Herein, what is ‘with craving as condition: attachment?’

That which is (wrong) view, resorting to (wrong) view, the jungle of (wrong) view, the wilderness of (wrong) view, the distortion of (wrong) view, the agitation of (wrong) view, the fetter of (wrong) view, obsession, tenacity, inclination, grasping, bad path, wrong road, the state of being wrong, within the heretical sphere, obsession with what is perverse: this is said to be ‘with craving as condition: attachment’.

Herein, what is ‘with attachment as condition: continuation?’

Except for attachment, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with attachment as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death, this is said to be ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death’.

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it. This is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

The Associations Tetrad

2.8. The Mutuality Tetrad

At that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process, also with a (volitional) process as condition there is ignorance, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness, also with consciousness as condition: a (volitional) process, with consciousness as condition: mind, also with mind as condition: consciousness, with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere, also with the sixth sense sphere as condition: mind, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact, also with contact as condition: the sixth sense sphere, with contact as condition: feeling, also with feeling as condition: contact, with feeling as condition: craving, also with craving as condition: feeling, with craving as condition: attachment, with attachment as condition: craving, with attachment as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition there is ignorance?’

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition there is ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind as condition: consciousness’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact: this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: the sixth sense sphere’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling?’

That which is mental agreeableness, mental pleasure, pleasant and agreeable experience born of contact with the mind, pleasant and agreeable feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: contact?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: craving?’

That which is passion, passionateness, fawning, compliance, enjoyment, passionate enjoyment, passionateness of mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: craving’.

Herein, what is ‘with craving as condition: feeling?’

That which is mental agreeableness, mental pleasure, pleasant and agreeable experience born of contact with the mind, pleasant and agreeable feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with craving as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with craving as condition: attachment?’

That which is (wrong) view, resorting to (wrong) view, the jungle of (wrong) view, the wilderness of (wrong) view, the distortion of (wrong) view, the agitation of (wrong) view, the fetter of (wrong) view, obsession, tenacity, inclination, grasping, bad path, wrong road, the state of being wrong, within the heretical sphere, obsession with what is perverse: this is said to be ‘with craving as condition: attachment’.

Herein, what is ‘with attachment as condition: craving?’

That which is passion, passionateness, fawning, compliance, enjoyment, passionate enjoyment, passionateness of mind: this is said to be ‘with attachment as condition: craving’.

Herein, what is ‘with attachment as condition: continuation?’

Except for attachment, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with attachment as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death, this is said to be ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death’.

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it: this is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

At that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process, also with a (volitional) process as condition there is ignorance, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness, also with consciousness as condition: a (volitional) process, with consciousness as condition: mind, also with mind as condition: consciousness, with mind as condition: contact, with contact as condition: mind, with contact as condition: feeling, also with feeling as condition: contact, with feeling as condition: craving, also with craving as condition: feeling, with craving as condition: attachment, with attachment as condition: craving, with attachment as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition there is ignorance?’

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition there is ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind as condition: consciousness’.

‘With mind as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘mind?’

Except for contact, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind as condition: contact?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact: this is said to be ‘with mind as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: mind’.

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling?’

That which is mental agreeableness, mental pleasure, pleasant and agreeable experience born of contact with the mind, pleasant and agreeable feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: craving?’

That which is passion, passionateness, fawning, compliance, enjoyment, passionate enjoyment, passionateness of mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: craving’.

Herein, what is ‘with craving as condition: attachment?’

That which is (wrong) view, resorting to (wrong) view, the jungle of (wrong) view, the wilderness of (wrong) view, the distortion of (wrong) view, the agitation of (wrong) view, the fetter of (wrong) view, obsession, tenacity, inclination, grasping, bad path, wrong road, the state of being wrong, within the heretical sphere, obsession with what is perverse: this is said to be ‘with craving as condition: attachment’.

Herein, what is ‘with attachment as condition: continuation?’

Except for attachment, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with attachment as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death, this is said to be ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death’.

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it. This is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

At that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process, also with a (volitional) process as condition there is ignorance, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness, also with consciousness as condition: a (volitional) process, with consciousness as condition: mind and bodily form, also with mind and bodily form as condition: consciousness, with mind and bodily form as condition: the sixth sense sphere, also with the sixth sense sphere as condition: mind and bodily form, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact, also with contact as condition: the sixth sense sphere, with contact as condition: feeling, also with feeling as condition: contact, with feeling as condition: craving, also with craving as condition: feeling, with craving as condition: attachment, with attachment as condition: craving, with attachment as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition there is ignorance?’

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition there is ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind and bodily form?’

There is mind, there is bodily form.

Herein, what is ‘mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘mind’.

Herein, what is ‘bodily form?’

The accumulation (that produces) the eye sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the ear sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the nose sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the tongue sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the body sense sphere, or whatever other bodily form there is born of mind, rooted in mind, originating in mind: this is said to be ‘bodily form’.

Thus, this is mind and this is bodily form.

This is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind and bodily form’.

‘With mind and bodily form as condition: consciousness’.

There is mind, there is bodily form.

Herein, what is ‘mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘mind’.

Herein, what is ‘bodily form?’

That bodily form dependent on which mind-consciousness element exists: this is said to be ‘bodily form’.

Thus, this is mind and this is bodily form.

This is said to be ‘mind and bodily form’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind and bodily form as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind and bodily form as condition: consciousness’.

‘With mind and bodily form as condition: the sixth sense sphere’.

There is mind, there is bodily form.

Herein, what is ‘mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘mind’.

Herein, what is ‘bodily form?’

That bodily form dependent on which mind-consciousness element exists: this is said to be ‘bodily form’.

Thus, this is mind and this is bodily form.

This is said to be ‘mind and bodily form’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind and bodily form as condition: the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind and bodily form as condition: the sixth sense sphere’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: mind and bodily form?’

There is mind, there is bodily form.

Herein, what is ‘mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘mind’.

Herein, what is ‘bodily form?’

The accumulation (that produces) the eye sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the ear sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the nose sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the tongue sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the body sense sphere, or whatever other bodily form there is born of mind, rooted in mind, originating in mind: this is said to be ‘bodily form’.

Thus, this is mind and this is bodily form.

This is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: mind and bodily form’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact: this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling?’

That which is mental agreeableness, mental pleasure, pleasant and agreeable experience born of contact with the mind, pleasant and agreeable feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: craving?’

That which is passion, passionateness, fawning, compliance, enjoyment, passionate enjoyment, passionateness of mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: craving’.

Herein, what is ‘with craving as condition: attachment?’

That which is (wrong) view, resorting to (wrong) view, the jungle of (wrong) view, the wilderness of (wrong) view, the distortion of (wrong) view, the agitation of (wrong) view, the fetter of (wrong) view, obsession, tenacity, inclination, grasping, bad path, wrong road, the state of being wrong, within the heretical sphere, obsession with what is perverse: this is said to be ‘with craving as condition: attachment’.

Herein, what is ‘with attachment as condition: continuation?’

Except for attachment, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with attachment as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death, this is said to be ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death’.

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it. This is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

At that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process, also with a (volitional) process as condition there is ignorance, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness, also with consciousness as condition: a (volitional) process, with consciousness as condition: mind and bodily form, also with mind and bodily form as condition: consciousness, with mind and bodily form as condition: the six sense spheres, also with the sixth sense sphere as condition: mind and bodily form, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact, also with contact as condition: the sixth sense sphere, with contact as condition: feeling, also with feeling as condition: contact, with feeling as condition: craving, also with craving as condition: feeling, with craving as condition: attachment, with attachment as condition: craving, with attachment as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition there is ignorance?’

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition there is ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind and bodily form?’

There is mind, there is bodily form.

Herein, what is ‘mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘mind’.

Herein, what is ‘bodily form?’

The accumulation (that produces) the eye sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the ear sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the nose sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the tongue sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the body sense sphere, or whatever other bodily form there is born of mind, rooted in mind, originating in mind: this is said to be ‘bodily form’.

Thus, this is mind and this is bodily form.

This is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind and bodily form’.

‘With mind and bodily form as condition: consciousness’.

There is mind, there is bodily form.

Herein, what is ‘mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘mind’.

Herein, what is ‘bodily form?’

That bodily form dependent on which mind-consciousness element exists: this is said to be ‘bodily form’.

Thus, this is mind and this is bodily form.

This is said to be ‘mind and bodily form’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind and bodily form as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind and bodily form as condition: consciousness’.

‘With mind and bodily form as condition: the six sense spheres’.

There is mind, there is bodily form.

Herein, what is ‘mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘mind’.

Herein, what is ‘bodily form?’

(There are) the four great entities, and that bodily form dependent on which mind-consciousness element exists: this is said to be ‘bodily form’.

Thus, this is mind and this is bodily form.

This is said to be ‘mind and bodily form’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind and bodily form as condition: the six sense spheres?’

(There is the) eye sense sphere, ear sense sphere, nose sense sphere, tongue sense sphere, body sense sphere, mind sense sphere: this is said to be ‘with mind and bodily form as condition: the six sense spheres’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: mind and bodily form?’

There is mind, there is bodily form.

Herein, what is ‘mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘mind’.

Herein, what is ‘bodily form?’

The accumulation (that produces) the eye sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the ear sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the nose sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the tongue sense sphere, the accumulation (that produces) the body sense sphere, or whatever other bodily form there is born of mind, rooted in mind, originating in mind: this is said to be ‘bodily form’.

Thus, this is mind and this is bodily form.

This is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: mind and bodily form’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact: this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling?’

That which is mental agreeableness, mental pleasure, pleasant and agreeable experience born of contact with the mind, pleasant and agreeable feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: craving?’

That which is passion, passionateness, fawning, compliance, enjoyment, passionate enjoyment, passionateness of mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: craving’.

Herein, what is ‘with craving as condition: attachment?’

That which is (wrong) view, resorting to (wrong) view, the jungle of (wrong) view, the wilderness of (wrong) view, the distortion of (wrong) view, the agitation of (wrong) view, the fetter of (wrong) view, obsession, tenacity, inclination, grasping, bad path, wrong road, the state of being wrong, within the heretical sphere, obsession with what is perverse: this is said to be ‘with craving as condition: attachment’.

Herein, what is ‘with attachment as condition: continuation?’

Except for attachment, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with attachment as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death, this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it. This is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

The Mutuality Tetrad

2.9. The Explanation of the Unwholesome

What are unwholesome thoughts? At whatever time an unwholesome mind has arisen, connected with happiness, associated with the resort to (wrong) view, with intention, (having) a form object, or a sound object, or a smell object, or a taste object, or a tangible object, or a thought object, or referring to whatever (thought), at that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness, with consciousness as condition: mind, with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact, with contact as condition: feeling, with feeling as condition: craving, with craving as condition: attachment, with attachment as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact: this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling?’

That which is mental agreeableness, mental pleasure, pleasant and agreeable experience born of contact with the mind, pleasant and agreeable feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: craving?’

That which is passion, passionateness, fawning, compliance, enjoyment, passionate enjoyment, passionateness of mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: craving’.

Herein, what is ‘with craving as condition: attachment?’

That which is (wrong) view, resorting to (wrong) view, the jungle of (wrong) view, the wilderness of (wrong) view, the distortion of (wrong) view, the agitation of (wrong) view, the fetter of (wrong) view, obsession, tenacity, inclination, grasping, bad path, wrong road, the state of being wrong, within the heretical sphere, obsession with what is perverse: this is said to be ‘with craving as condition: attachment’.

Herein, what is ‘with attachment as condition: continuation?’

Except for attachment, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with attachment as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death, this is said to be ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death’.

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it: this is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

What are unwholesome thoughts? At whatever time an unwholesome mind has arisen, connected with happiness, disassociated with the resort to (wrong) view, (having) a form object, or a sound object, or a smell object, or a taste object, or a tangible object, or a thought object, or referring to whatever (thought), at that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness, with consciousness as condition: mind, with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact, with contact as condition: feeling, with feeling as condition: craving, with craving as condition: resolve, with resolve as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact: this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling?’

That which is mental agreeableness, mental pleasure, pleasant and agreeable experience born of contact with the mind, pleasant and agreeable feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: craving?’

That which is passion, passionateness, fawning, compliance, enjoyment, passionate enjoyment, passionateness of mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: craving’.

Herein, what is ‘with craving as condition: resolve?’

That which is resolve of the mind, resolution, the state of being resolved on that (mind): this is said to be ‘with craving as condition: resolve’.

Herein, what is ‘with resolve as condition: continuation?’

Except for resolve, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with resolve as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death, this is said to be ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death’.

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it: this is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

What are unwholesome thoughts? At whatever time an unwholesome mind has arisen, connected with happiness, disassociated with the resort to (wrong) view, with intention, (having) a form object, or a sound object, or a smell object, or a taste object, or a tangible object, or a thought object, or referring to whatever (thought), at that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness, with consciousness as condition: mind, with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact, with contact as condition: feeling, with feeling as condition: craving, with craving as condition: resolve, with resolve as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact: this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling?’

That which is mental agreeableness, mental pleasure, pleasant and agreeable experience born of contact with the mind, pleasant and agreeable feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: craving?’

That which is passion, passionateness, fawning, compliance, enjoyment, passionate enjoyment, passionateness of mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: craving’.

Herein, what is ‘with craving as condition: resolve?’

That which is resolve of the mind, resolution, the state of being resolved on that (mind): this is said to be ‘with craving as condition: resolve’.

Herein, what is ‘with resolve as condition: continuation?’

Except for resolve, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with resolve as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death, this is said to be ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death’.

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it. This is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

What are unwholesome thoughts? At whatever time an unwholesome mind has arisen, connected with equanimity, associated with the resort to (wrong) view, (having) a form object, or a sound object, or a smell object, or a taste object, or a tangible object, or a thought object, or referring to whatever (thought), at that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness, with consciousness as condition: mind, with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact, with contact as condition: feeling, with feeling as condition: craving, with craving as condition: attachment, with attachment as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact: this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling?’

That which is neither mental agreeableness nor disagreeableness, neither painful nor pleasant experience born of contact with the mind, neither painful nor pleasant feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: craving?’

That which is passion, passionateness, fawning, compliance, enjoyment, passionate enjoyment, passionateness of mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: craving’.

Herein, what is ‘with craving as condition: attachment?’

That which is (wrong) view, resorting to (wrong) view, the jungle of (wrong) view, the wilderness of (wrong) view, the distortion of (wrong) view, the agitation of (wrong) view, the fetter of (wrong) view, obsession, tenacity, inclination, grasping, bad path, wrong road, the state of being wrong, within the heretical sphere, obsession with what is perverse: this is said to be ‘with craving as condition: attachment’.

Herein, what is ‘with attachment as condition: continuation?’

Except for attachment, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with attachment as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death, this is said to be ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death’.

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it. This is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

What are unwholesome thoughts? At whatever time an unwholesome mind has arisen, connected with equanimity, associated with the resort to (wrong) view, with intention, (having) a form object, or a sound object, or a smell object, or a taste object, or a tangible object, or a thought object, or referring to whatever (thought), at that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness, with consciousness as condition: mind, with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact, with contact as condition: feeling, with feeling as condition: craving, with craving as condition: resolve, with resolve as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

What are unwholesome thoughts? At whatever time an unwholesome mind has arisen, connected with equanimity, disassociated with the resort to (wrong) view, (having) a form object, or a sound object, or a smell object, or a taste object, or a tangible object, or a thought object, or referring to whatever (thought), at that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness, with consciousness as condition: mind, with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact, with contact as condition: feeling, with feeling as condition: craving, with craving as condition: resolve, with resolve as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

What are unwholesome thoughts? At whatever time an unwholesome mind has arisen, connected with equanimity, disassociated with the resort to (wrong) view, with intention, (having) a form object, or a sound object, or a smell object, or a taste object, or a tangible object, or a thought object, or referring to whatever (thought), at that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness, with consciousness as condition: mind, with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact, with contact as condition: feeling, with feeling as condition: craving, with craving as condition: resolve, with resolve as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact: this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling?’

That which is neither mental agreeableness nor disagreeableness, neither painful nor pleasant experience born of contact with the mind, neither painful nor pleasant feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: craving?’

That which is passion, passionateness, fawning, compliance, enjoyment, passionate enjoyment, passionateness of mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: craving’.

Herein, what is ‘with craving as condition: resolve?’

That which is resolve of the mind, resolution, the state of being resolved on that (mind): this is said to be ‘with craving as condition: resolve’.

Herein, what is ‘with resolve as condition: continuation?’

Except for resolve, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with resolve as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death, this is said to be ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death’.

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it. This is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

What are unwholesome thoughts? At whatever time an unwholesome mind has arisen, connected with sorrow, associated with repulsion, (having) a form object, or a sound object, or a smell object, or a taste object, or a tangible object, or a thought object, or referring to whatever (thought), at that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness, with consciousness as condition: mind, with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact, with contact as condition: feeling, with feeling as condition: repulsion, with repulsion as condition: resolve, with resolve as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

What are unwholesome thoughts? At whatever time an unwholesome mind has arisen, connected with sorrow, associated with repulsion, with intention, (having) a form object, or a sound object, or a smell object, or a taste object, or a tangible object, or a thought object, or referring to whatever (thought), at that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness, with consciousness as condition: mind, with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact, with contact as condition: feeling, with feeling as condition: repulsion, with repulsion as condition: resolve, with resolve as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact: this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling?’

That which is mental disagreeableness, mental pain, painful and disagreeable experience born of contact with the mind, painful and disagreeable feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: repulsion?’

That which is spite of mind, repulsiveness, repulsion, opposition, anger, great anger, full anger, bad temper, very bad temper, full bad temper, malice of mind, bad temper in mind, hatred, hating, the state of hatred, ill-temper, being ill-tempered, ill-temperedness, malice, malignity, maliciousness, opposing, opposition, violence, curtness, irritation of mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: repulsion’.

Herein, what is ‘with repulsion as condition: resolve?’

That which is resolve of the mind, resolution, the state of being resolved on that (mind): this is said to be ‘with repulsion as condition: resolve’.

Herein, what is ‘with resolve as condition: continuation?’

Except for resolve, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with resolve as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death, this is said to be ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death’.

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it. This is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

What are unwholesome thoughts? At whatever time an unwholesome mind has arisen, connected with equanimity, associated with uncertainty, (having) a form object, or a sound object, or a smell object, or a taste object, or a tangible object, or a thought object, or referring to whatever (thought), at that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness, with consciousness as condition: mind, with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact, with contact as condition: feeling, with feeling as condition: uncertainty, with uncertainty as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact:

this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling?’

That which is neither mental agreeableness nor disagreeableness, neither painful nor pleasant experience born of contact with the mind, neither painful nor pleasant feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: uncertainty?’

That which is doubt, doubting, the state of being in doubt, perplexity, uncertainty, dubeity, dilemna, irresolution, uncertainty, mistrust, misgiving, a lack of fathoming, vacillation, a mental scratching of the mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: uncertainty’.

Herein, what is ‘with uncertainty as condition: continuation?’

Except for uncertainty, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with uncertainty as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death, this is said to be ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death’.

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it. This is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

What are unwholesome thoughts? At whatever time an unwholesome mind has arisen, connected with equanimity, associated with agitation, (having) a form object, or a sound object, or a smell object, or a taste object, or a tangible object, or a thought object, or referring to whatever (thought), at that time with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process, with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness, with consciousness as condition: mind, with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere, with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact, with contact as condition: feeling, with feeling as condition: agitation, with agitation as condition: resolve, with resolve as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering.

Herein, what is ‘ignorance’?

That which is a lack of knowledge, a lack of seeing, a lack of penetration, a lack of recognition, a lack of awakening, a lack of realisation, a lack of comprehension, a lack of fathoming, a lack of consideration, a lack of reflection, a lack of perception, poor intelligence, foolishness, a lack of full knowledge, delusion, deception, confusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the tendency to ignorance, the pervasion of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness: this is said to be ‘ignorance’.

Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process?’

That which is volition, intention, intentionality: this is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there is a (volitional) process’.

Herein, what is ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with a (volitional) process as condition: consciousness’.

Herein, what is ‘with consciousness as condition: mind?’

(There is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent: this is said to be ‘with consciousness as condition: mind’.

Herein, what is ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere?’

That which is thought, mind, mentality, heart, consciousness, mind, the mind sense sphere, the mind faculty, consciousness, the consciousness constituent, the mind-consciousness element arising from that: this is said to be ‘with mind as condition: the sixth sense sphere’.

Herein, what is ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact?’

That which is contact, contacting, close contacting, the state of being in close contact:

this is said to be ‘with the sixth sense sphere as condition: contact’.

Herein, what is ‘with contact as condition: feeling?’

That which is neither mental agreeableness nor disagreeableness, neither painful nor pleasant experience born of contact with the mind, neither painful nor pleasant feeling born of contact with the mind: this is said to be ‘with contact as condition: feeling’.

Herein, what is ‘with feeling as condition: agitation?’

That which is agitation of mind, lack of calm, mental disturbance, confusion of mind: this is said to be ‘with feeling as condition: agitation’.

Herein, what is ‘with agitation as condition: resolve?’

That which is resolve of the mind, resolution, the state of being resolved on that (mind): this is said to be ‘with agitation as condition: resolve’.

Herein, what is ‘with resolve as condition: continuation?’

Except for resolve, (it is) the feeling constituent, the perception constituent, the (volitional) processes constituent, the consciousness constituent: this is said to be ‘with resolve as condition: continuation’.

Herein, what is ‘with continuation as condition: birth?’

That which for various things is birth, being born, return, turning up, manifestation: this is said to be ‘with continuation as condition: birth’.

Herein, what is ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death?’

There is ageing, there is death.

Herein, what is ‘ageing?’

For various things (there is) ageing, agedness, the dwindling away of the life span: this is said to be ‘ageing’.

Herein, what is ‘death?’

For various things (there is) destruction, decay, a breaking up, a complete breaking up, impermanence, a disappearance: this is called ‘death’.

Thus, this is ageing and this is death, this is said to be ‘with birth as condition: ageing, death’.

So there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering, and so there is an association with this whole mass of suffering, a meeting with it, a connection with it, a manifestation of it. This is said to be ‘the origination of this whole mass of suffering’.

The Explanation of the Unwholesome