T2122 A Forest of Pearls from the Dharma Garden, Vol. I

Back Matters

Bibliography

Aramaki, Noritoshi, and Ichirō Kominami, trans. Shutsusanzōki shū/Hōon jurin. Tokyo: Chūō Kōronsha, 1993.

Motoi, Makiko. "Tokuunji zō Hōon jurin—fu Hōon jurin shohon ryakushi," in Gakujutsu Frontier Jikkōiinkai, ed., Tokuunji no koshakyō: Aichi-ken Shinshiro-shi tokuunji koshakyō chōsa hōkokusho, pp. 35-42. Tokyo: International College for Postgraduate Buddhist Studies, 2009.

Koichi, Shinohara. "Stories of Miraculous Images and Paying Respect to the Three Jewels: A Discourse on Image Worship in Seventh-Century China," in Phyllis Granoff and Koichi Shinohara, eds., Images in Asian Religions: Texts and Contexts, pp. 180-222. Vancouver/Toronto: UBC Press, 2004.

Teiser, Stephen. "T'ang Buddhist Encyclopedias: A Bibliographical Introduction to Fayüan chu-lin and Chu-ching yao-chi," T'ang Studies 3 (Winter 1985): 109-128. Zhou, Shujia, and Puren Su, eds. Fayuan zhulin xiaozhu, 6 vols. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2003.

325

Index

A

Abhidharma, 32, 69, 90, 95, 96, 97 Abhidharmakośa. See Jushe apidamo Abhidharmakośa-bhāṣya. See Jushe lun Abhidharma-mahāvibhāśa-sāstra. See Apidamo da piposha lun; Posha lun Abhidharma-śāstra, 27, 31, 38 See also Za apitanxin lun/Zaxin lun Abhidharmasamuccayavyākhyā. See Duifa lun

Āgamas, 95

alms/almsfood/almsrounds, 23, 225, 254, 287, 304

Amitābha, 262

Ānanda, 142, 150, 255, 303 animal(s), 16, 32, 117, 118, 124, 130, 147, 173, 204, 221, 242, 247-271 boar(s)/pig(s), 175, 221, 224, 249, 265, 271, 307, 315

Xie, 265

buffaloes/water buffaloes, 133, 172, 262

camels, 200, 251, 315 cattle/cow(s), 3, 35, 63, 67, 70, 89, 103, 113, 129, 307, 309 deer, 15, 20, 126, 226, 268, 315, 321 dog(s), 231, 245, 247, 249, 251, 254, 255, 262, 263, 265-266, 271, 280, 281, 286, 287, 305, 317, 318 Ground Wolf, 265, 266 Gu, 265

Panhu (Bowl Gourd), 266 Xi, 265

donkey(s), 124-125, 172 elephant(s), 57, 58, 83, 117, 118, 172, 195, 212, 221, 249, 250, 251, 262, 283, 307

fish, 66, 116, 123, 136, 140, 202, 217, 248, 250, 252, 256, 267, 274, 298, 319

four-legged, 250, 251 foxes, 194, 249, 305 frogs/toad, 116, 158, 202, 209, 258, 266 hare/rabbit, 89, 135, 140, 158, 263 hyenas, 172

horse(s), 57, 67, 117, 118, 130, 172, 183, 185, 195, 202, 212, 221, 239, 247, 249, 250, 251, 262, 263, 270, 271, 307, 313, 314, 315, 321 jackals, 247

lizards, 116, 294

legless, 249, 251

lion(s), 57, 172, 268-270 many-legged, 249, 250 mole, 248

monkey(s), 262, 263 oxen, 172, 247, 273, 315 sheep, 70, 89, 113, 224, 246, 263, 265, 266, 307, 315

snake(s), 116, 127, 130, 133, 202, 214, 224, 247, 249, 251, 258, 262, 286 tiger(s), 172, 262, 264 turtle(s), 116, 140, 202, 252, 256, 258 Juling, 252

two-legged, 250, 251 327

Index

animal(s) (continued): wolves, 172, 194, 247, 262, 280, 281, 305

See also bird(s); creature(s); insect(s) Anpan jing, 26

Apidamo da piposha lun, 11, 22, 24, 25 See also Posha lun astronomical:

instruments, 123, 161 theories, huntian and gaitian, 136 See also lunar station(s); star(s) asura(s)/asura king(s), 32, 40, 68, 70, 71, 101, 114, 125, 131, 132, 147, 148, 149, 173, 202-212, 213-215, 251 Bali, 203

Batuo (Bhadrā?), 203 Kharaskandha, 203 Rāhu, 148, 203, 205 Śācī/Śācīrāhu, 106, 120, 203, 204, 205 Śambara (Huaman), 203, 205, 207, 208, 210

Vemacitra, 70, 203, 204, 205, 206, 208, 210, 211

Yongjian, 205, 208 Yongyue, 207

See also demigod(s); demon(s) auspicious/auspiciousness, 123, 146, 153, 159, 160, 177, 184, 201, 268 See also inauspicious Avalokiteśvara, 214 B

Baihutong, 155, 156 Baoying, 177

Baopu Zi, 247

barbarian(s), 187, 199, 201, 266 Bhagavats, 133

Bhāviveka, 214

Biography of Dharma Master Xuanzang, 214, 271

328

Biography of Zhao Tai, 246 bird(s), 58, 62, 64, 85, 101, 107, 118, 125, 129, 132, 192, 207, 217, 227, 248, 250, 251, 252, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 261, 262, 263, 264, 298, 305 cātaka, 229

chicken(s)/roosters, 13, 152, 307 cranes, 315

crow(s), 135, 158, 194, 249, 251 doves, 251

ducks, 255, 256 eagle, 318

geese, 37, 118, 218, 249 hawks, 249, 255, 256, 262 iron-beaked, 249, 281 jiaoming, 252

kācilindika, 192, 193 magpies, 194

named:

Peng, 50, 248, 252 Red Water, 118

Teaching the Undisciplined, 118 Truth-speaking, 118 Violating Precepts for Profit, 118 owls, 118, 225, 256, 262, 315 parrots, 262

peacocks, 117, 118, 262 pheasant(s), 22, 134, 262 pigeon(s), 247, 253, 264 quail, 266

sparrows, 247

swans, 249

tailor, 248, 253 waterfowl, 118, 256 youwei chanqie, 64 zhi, 264

See also animal(s); creature(s) birth(s), 4, 12, 20, 21-22, 45, 47, 59, 64, 72, 77, 78, 82-84, 110, 113, 115, 117, 124, 169, 171, 172, 175, 190, 204, 205, 211, 235, 267, 268, 270, 299

four kinds of, 7

inferior, realm(s) of, 36, 77 birth, aging/old age, illness, and death, 45, 85, 196, 309

birth and death, 164, 191 See also birth(s); rebirth(s) Bodhiruci, 182

bodhisattva(s), 49, 74, 89, 108, 140, 145, 151, 152, 165, 167, 168, 305, 306 final-body/in the last birth/tenth-stage, 57, 59, 94

Book of Changes, 50, 184 Kun section, Wenyan, 177 Shuogua chapter, 158 Xici zhuan chapter, 153 See also Yijing

Book of Documents, 123 Book of History, "Heavenly Offices" chapter, 160

Book of Rites. See Liji brahman(s), 10, 20, 22, 64, 76, 108, 227, 254-255, 308

buddha(s), 7, 31, 51, 52, 54, 70, 152, 168, 262, 304, 306 light, 112, 306

See also tathāgata(s) Buddha, xiv, 4, 10, 11, 14, 20, 23, 26, 33, 46, 58-59, 60, 61, 70, 75-76, 79, 86, 101, 108, 112, 113, 127, 132, 133, 137, 138, 139, 140, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 150, 151, 166, 168, 174, 175, 180-181, 195, 209, 212, 218, 223, 225, 233, 242, 243, 252-253, 255, 258, 259, 260, 261-262, 271, 282, 288, 293, 294, 300, 303, 306, 307, 318, 321 image(s), 177, 242, 287 power, 27, 150, 261 teaching(s), 4, 78, 134, 149, 181, 259, 261, 271, 299, 301, 302 See also Honored One/World-honored One; Tathāgata

Index

Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha, xiv, 7, 109, 301, 302

See also Three Jewels/Three Refuges buddhahood, 150

Buddhism, xiv, 4, 176, 177, 182, 242, 316 Buddhist, xiv, 4, 78, 242 canon/scriptures, xiii, xiv, 3, 134, 180, 252, 262

cultivation/practices, xiv, 235 Dharma/teaching(s), 3, 4, 9, 235, 316 literature/records, 243, 270 miracle stories, xiii, xiv precepts/Vinaya, 79, 252 Way, 243, 274

C

Cai Yin, 4

cakravartin, 7, 18, 22, 56 See also king(s), cakravartin/wheelturning; universal monarch(s) calamity(ies), 34, 39, 42, 43, 46, 49, 136, 174, 176, 184, 187, 199, 235, 240, 296 lesser, 9-24

epidemics, 10-14, 17, 22 famine, 11, 15-18, 22 warfare, 11, 14-15, 17, 18, 22 three great, 9, 24-47, 95, 96 of water, fire, and wind, 10, 32, 34, 37-38, 39, 41, 95, 96-97 Candana, 108

See also god(s), Indra/Śakra/Śakradevānam Indra Cang Jie, 3

Catalogue of Buddhist Scriptures Known in the Great Tang, A, xiii cave(s), 14, 59, 187, 204, 213, 214, 215, 217, 233, 245, 267, 289 Jin, 59

Shanjin, 59

See also mountain(s) Central Asia, 180

329

Index

Cen Zhixiang, 240 Chang ahan jing, 11, 32, 34, 35, 43, 45, 46, 50, 56, 58, 59, 60, 61, 64, 65, 66, 67-68, 69, 70, 74, 79, 82, 92, 104, 110, 112, 113, 137, 142, 146, 149, 204, 205, 210, 252, 256, 258, 259, 278, 297 Changhe, 312, 318-320 Changli, 156 Chen. See Huishao Chenggong Zhiqiong, 183 Cheng Jing, 239-243 Chengshi lun, 167, 170, 230 chiliocosm, 112 great/greater, 50, 102, 103 middle, 102, 103 small/smaller, 50, 102, 103, 106 China, xiv, 4, 25, 26, 57, 136, 139, 176, 201, 231, 321 Chinese, xiii, 31, 70, 74, 75, 137, 213, 214, 252, 275 Chu, Prince of. See Zhi Chuan Xianchao, 176, 183 See also Yiqi Chuchu jing, 142 Chunqiu fanlu, 153 Chunqiu wei: Ganjingfu chapter, 153 Shuotici chapter, 153 Yangong tu chapter, 158, 197 Yuanmingbao chapter, 158, 159, 160 Ci, 186

city(ies)/town/village(s), xiii, 9, 13, 22, 29, 30, 31, 41, 45, 58, 76, 99, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 119, 158, 180, 181, 187, 203, 206, 207, 212, 214, 217, 220, 221, 224, 233, 235, 237, 238, 246, 254, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 273, 277, 284, 285, 286, 297, 298, 307, 311, 313, 315, 317, 321, 324 Āṭavaṭa, 104 330

Campā, 45

Cengcheng, 180 Chang'an, xiii, 179, 236, 237, 238 City of Changing Forms, 315 City of Great Peace, 199 City of the King of Hell, 298 Dhṛtarāṣṭra, 104 Gavāṃpati, 104 Kapila (Vaiśāli), 58 Kāśī, 26, 31 Mopodi, 207

Nanyang, 245 Rājagṛha, 321 Song, 158

Śrāvastī, 151, 254 Sudarśana, 99, 104, 105, 107 Viṣāṇā, 104

Wan, 246, 320 Zhouluo, 104 clan(s)/tribe(s), 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 136, 191, 199, 201, 245, 266 Chu, 61

Diaozhi, 136 Fan, 61

Gaoxin, 266

Han, 61

Hengrun, 267 Hu, 61, 136, 240 Jigan, 267

Jingren, 201 Lu, 61

Ma, 245

Manyi, 267

Qi, 271

Qiang, 61

Śākya, 191

Turks (Tujue), 271 Xiongnu, 136 Wei, 237

Wu, 266

Yang, 264

Yi, 61, 136 Yue, 61

Zhao, 241

cloud(s), 36, 40, 41, 63, 123, 125, 134, 141, 145-146, 147, 148, 149, 1760, 161, 179, 184, 193, 203, 210, 233, 252, 267, 269 blue, 158, 187 five-colored, 146, 158 four kinds, 146 black, 146, 158 red, 146, 158 white, 146, 158 yellow, 146 Collected Records of Three Jewels Miracles, xiii Collected Summaries of All Scriptures, xiii, xiv

Collection for the Propagation and Clarification of Buddhism, 5 commandery/district(s)/region(s), 4, 16, 37, 65, 103, 107, 136, 238, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 266, 268, 313, 323 Anding, 245 Ba, 267

Bingzhou, Wenshui district, 134 Changshan, 316 Changshe, 267 Changshui, 157 Chengdu, 185 Chiyang, 202 Cizhou, 324 Dangqu, Xiangchang, 200 Dongguan, Cengchen, 180 Eastern Commandery/Gate/Suburb, 127, 153, 183 Fenguan, Qinling, 181 Fengzhou, 324 Fenzhou, 134, 182 Guanghan, 180 Guangling, 238 Index

Han, 267

Handan, 239, 240 Hetong, 321 Hongnong, 240 Jiangling, 240 Jiangnan, 181 Liang, 267 Liangzhou, 180 Liaodong, 202 Linchuan, 234, 244 Lintao, 199, 201, 202 Longxi, 3

Longzhou, 324 Loufan, 240 Lu Jiang, 267, 312, 320 Wan and Chuangyang districts, 320 Qi, 177

Qibei, 183, 185 Qinghe, Beiqiu, 313 Qiongzhou, 324 Shu, 185, 263, 264, 267 Toba, 177

Wu, 136, 177, 198, 265 Lou district, 265 Wuchang, 177 Wucheng, 316 Wujiao, 135 Wuling, 267 Wuxing, 247, 265 Xiang, 239 Xiangwu, 199 Xiangyang, 177 Xingzhou, 322, 323 Yue, 263, 264 Zhao, 239, 240, 241, 242, 271, 318 See also kingdom(s)/state(s) compassion/compassionate, 4, 7, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 45, 123, 128, 131, 174, 254, 255, 261, 271, 296, 305, 306 consciousness(es), 9, 27, 77, 116, 117, 167, 185, 186, 238, 263 331

Index

Confucian(s), 50, 135, 136, 158, 239 Confucius, 50, 156-157, 197, 200, 201, 265

continent(s), 23, 3, 34, 41, 60-61, 63, 65, 66, 69, 70, 71, 111, 114, 115, 116, 132, 140, 143, 144, 192, 201, 249-250, 257, 276, 277, 293, 300 eight smaller/subcontinent(s), 41, 42, 189

Cāmara, 69, 189

Cāmarāvarā/Faluozhemoluo, 69, 189 Deha, 66, 189

Kurava, 65, 189

Kauravā, 65, 189

Śāṭha, 67, 189

Suhe/Videha, 66, 189

Uttaramantriṇas, 67, 189 four (great), 41, 42, 49, 51, 59, 61-69, 102-103, 114-115, 123, 138-139, 141, 142, 189, 257

Aparagodāniya, 60, 66-67, 69, 70, 75, 113, 115, 140, 143, 187, 189, 190 Jambudvīpa, 11, 12, 15, 16, 22, 33, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 65, 66, 67-69, 70-71, 72, 75, 86 87, 111, 113, 114, 115, 116, 120, 140, 143, 144, 149, 187, 192, 219, 276, 277, 300 Pūrvavideha, 60, 65-66, 69, 70, 71, 74, 113, 141, 143, 187, 189 Uttarakuru, 23, 60, 61-65, 69, 70, 71, 75, 94, 113, 114, 141, 143, 187, 189, 190, 192, 249, 300 nine, 135, 136, 217

corpse(s), 64, 67, 121, 168, 225, 230, 251, 273, 277, 287, 303, 311, 313, 320 creature(s), 66, 84, 116, 121, 124, 187, 203, 204, 217, 218, 222-226, 229, 231, 237, 238, 239, 245, 247, 248-251, 252, 253, 256, 257, 262, 263-265, 267, 273, 274, 286, 287, 289, 303, 320

332

mythical:

makara, 252

phoenixes, 262

qilin, 155

windhorses, 123

yangma ("sheep-horse"), 265 See also animal(s); bird(s); insect(s) Cui Hong, 245

Cui Shu, 186

Cunda, 254-255

D

Dabaoji jing, Pusazang hui. See Pusa zang jing Da fangdeng daji nianfo sanmei jing, 150 Da fangdeng daj jiing pusa nianfo sanmei fen. See Da fangdeng daji nianfo sanmei jing

Daji jing, 123, 126, 131, 132 Dajiyi shenzhou jing, 119 Daoism/Daoist, 50, 184, 239, 243 See also qi; yin and yang Daoshi, xiii-xv, 4-5, 7, 23, 29 Daoxuan, xiii, xiv

Dasheng apidamo zajilun. See Duifa lun Datang neidian lu. See Catalogue of Buddhist Scriptures Known in the Great Tang, A

Datang xiyu ji. See Record of the Western Kingdoms

Dazhidu lun, 10, 30, 74, 75, 76, 82, 87, 104, 112, 119, 166, 209, 229, 253, 255, 257

See also Zhidu lun

Dazhuangyan lun, 194

deed(s), 21, 76, 78, 170, 207, 266, 285, 289, 293, 295, 298, 299, 300, 303, 306, 311, 312

ascetic/pure, 275, 300, 308 of body, speech, and mind/thought, 189, 219, 253, 275, 299

evil, 12, 16, 23, 76, 109, 121, 147, 169, 170, 177, 218, 219, 220, 235-236, 253, 274, 275, 283, 285, 287, 288, 289, 299, 300, 302, 304, 308, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316

ten, 7, 13-14, 20, 34, 170, 229 three kinds of, 283, 306, 309, 312 four karmic, 77

good, 12, 15, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 76, 77, 78, 82, 83, 109, 126, 165, 166, 169, 171, 172, 176, 177, 192, 203, 207, 218, 229, 230, 234, 239, 261, 283, 295, 299, 300, 305, 306, 310, 311, 313, 315, 316

ten, 32, 45, 64, 65, 77, 235, 254 impure/licentious/sinful, 21, 224, 286, 302, 304, 307

meritorious, 20, 22, 108, 211, 236, 237, 238, 274, 321, 323, 324 virtuous, seven kinds of, 76 defilement(s), 4, 7, 16, 116 deity(ies), 26, 32, 42, 59, 61, 72, 76, 79, 83, 84, 85, 110, 115, 124, 126, 127, 138, 139, 150, 163, 166, 173, 175, 182, 183, 184, 204, 210, 214, 233, 251, 278

Master of Baolang Zi, 181 Moduo, 102

See also god(s)

delusion(s), 163, 175, 177 demigod(s), 32, 100, 141 See also asura(s); yakṣa(s) demon(s), 108, 109, 113, 163, 189, 203, 204-205, 211, 212, 213, 225, 234, 259, 286, 287, 305, 314 asura, 202-215

Loud Sounds, 205

female, 124, 270

Donkey God, 124

See also asura(s); monster(s); yakṣa(s) Index

desire(s), 3, 7, 19, 21, 32, 39, 52, 63, 64, 66, 67, 69, 82, 83, 98, 107, 112, 115, 138, 171, 179, 191, 197, 219, 224, 248, 256, 262, 307

five, 137, 193, 197

four kinds of, 51-52

licentious/sexual, 13, 22, 45, 51, 66, 67, 124, 149, 168, 187, 256 See also three realms, desire deva. See god(s)

Devadatta, 10

dhāraṇī. See spell(s), vajra Dharma, 7, 9, 22, 43, 101, 103, 108, 109, 116, 166, 167, 169, 176, 203, 222, 227, 274, 316

eye, 302

right/supreme/true, 14, 16, 170, 176, 203, 226, 302, 303, 308 Dharma King, 50

See also Buddha

dhyāna. See meditation(s)/meditative state(s)

disciple(s), 180, 181, 239, 316, 318 Dīrghāgama. See Chang ahan jing Dishuoshu, 156

Divine Secretaries of the Five Realms, 243 diviner(s)/divination(s), 3, 7, 10, 148-149 Diwang shiji, 152

Dixi pu, 152

Dong Fangshuo, 320

dragon(s)/dragon king(s), 3, 57, 58, 63, 75, 114, 117, 118, 119, 124, 125, 131, 132, 133, 134, 147-148, 149, 151, 160, 161, 178, 197, 209, 210, 217, 248, 249, 252, 256, 257, 258-262, 265, 270-271, 286, 295, 317, 319 Alu, 258

Anavatapta, 58, 258

Apalāla, 258

Dhṛtarāṣṭra, 258

333

Index

dragon(s)/dragon king(s) (continued): earth-upholding, 93, 253 Elāpattra, 253, 258 Nanda, 210, 252, 258 Qiejuluo (Kāḷa?), 258 Qienou, 258

Qiepiluo, 258

Quqienou, 258

Sāgara, 124, 258, 259 Shanjian, 258

Supratiṣṭhita, 258 Takṣaka, 258

Upananda, 210, 252, 258 Yuoshanqiebotou, 258 dream(s), 4, 7, 145, 176, 183, 197, 235 Duifa lun, 11, 25, 38 dynasty/period: Cao Wei, 263

Former Han, 312, 320 Han, 4, 136, 320 Jin, 176, 177, 180, 240, 263, 265, 312, 313, 316

Later Zhao, 312, 318 Liang, 176, 182, 185 Northern Wei, 176, 177, 181 Northern Zhou, 177 Qin, 199, 201-202, 320 Song, 134, 176, 180, 234, 235 Tang, 4, 54, 134, 213, 234, 239, 313, 321 Wei, 136, 176, 182, 183, 247 Western Jin, 240 See also kingdom(s)/state(s) E

earthquake(s), 151 emptiness, 50, 74, 77, 95, 163 enlightenment, 151, 167, 207, 299, 306 path of, 9

seat of, 151

supreme/true, 3, 188, 191 334

Erya, 154, 159, 160 evil(s), 7, 14, 16, 23, 45, 108, 109, 123, 124, 125, 126, 164, 177, 188, 196, 217, 224, 229, 239, 244, 255, 270, 276, 296, 302, 306, 307, 315 act(s)/conduct/deed(s), 12, 16, 23, 77, 109, 121, 147, 169-170, 177, 207, 218, 219, 224, 226, 229, 230, 235, 236, 249, 230, 235, 236, 249, 253-254, 271, 274, 275, 283, 285, 287, 295, 296, 298, 299, 300, 302, 304, 308, 312, 313, 314, 316 past, 274, 288, 290, 289 ten, 7, 13-14, 20, 34, 170, 207, 229, 253-254

three kinds of, 21, 229, 283, 306, 309, 312

desire for, 19, 21 emotions/feelings/intentions/thoughts, 211, 270, 282, 295, 296, 306 ghosts, 12, 15, 16, 199, 200 karma/karmic consequences, results, retribution, 176, 177, 221, 227, 271, 288

realms, 171

teachings, 19, 21, 34 views, 14, 21, 163 Evil One. See Māra Extended Collection of Writings for Spreading and Illuminating the Way, xiii

F

Facai, 181

Fajubiyu jing, 168 Faqiao, 318

Faxian, 180

Fayuan, 181

Fayuan zhulin, xiii, xv, 126, 177 See also Forest of Pearls from the Dharma Garden, A

female, 44, 45, 46, 64, 82, 84, 92, 114, 115, 116, 119, 159, 201, 205, 215, 244, 262, 265, 320 deity(ies), 83, 84, 110, 115 demon(s), 124, 270 See also gender; women Fenbie gongde lun, 147, 230 Fenquan, 181

filial, 7, 187, 238, 304 First Emperor of Qin, 199, 201 five signs of decline, 164, 170-171, 172, 173-174

flower(s), 5, 7, 56, 62, 63, 83, 101, 107, 113, 125, 128, 137, 140, 163, 174, 182, 184, 203, 204, 206, 221, 225, 230, 274, 280, 292, 304, 305 crown(s)/headdress, 106, 133, 174, 175, 195

garland(s), 3, 223 mandāra, 230

saugandhika, 291 seats, 164

vārṣika, 62

See also lotus(es) Fo banniyuan jing, 150 food, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 20, 22, 24, 36, 46, 51, 62, 63, 64, 69, 72, 75, 76, 80, 81, 82, 106, 115, 116, 117, 120, 141, 167, 183, 184, 190, 194, 199, 202, 208, 209, 218, 219, 221, 222, 223, 225, 226, 227, 228, 232, 234, 235, 236, 237, 240, 241, 243, 248, 254, 256, 258, 260, 262, 268, 270, 302, 304, 322 alcohol/wine, 7, 44, 128, 149, 172, 183, 184, 200, 203, 204, 222, 240, 298, 319, 320

beans, 116, 127, 128, 129 candies, 124

cream, 53

earth cakes, 46

fish, 66, 267, 319 Index

four kinds of, 116-117 fruit(s), 7, 62, 107, 109, 125, 126, 129, 131, 194, 206, 213, 237, 268, 280, 294, 298, 305

bimba, 127

coconuts, 237

dates, 120, 121

fig, 129

harītakī, 22

melons, 136

ghee, 20, 23, 24, 44, 82, 126, 129, 130 ginger, 237

grain(s), 16, 17, 45, 62, 63, 66, 106, 113, 123, 128, 129, 214, 277 barley, 116, 128, 129, 130 five kinds of, 113, 200 millet, 11, 16, 17, 20, 24, 128 rice/rice flour, gruel, powder, 16, 17, 23, 44, 45, 46, 53, 62, 63, 66, 82, 106, 116, 127, 128, 129, 130, 218, 314, 316

wheat, 17, 89

gruel, 127, 238

heavenly/gods'/of the gods, 63, 84, 116-117, 209

khādanīya, 117

sudhā, 116

herbs, 124

honey, 20, 24, 43, 44, 56, 127, 128, 129, 171, 187

juice, 82, 129, 218, 231, 234 meat, 7, 67, 116, 126, 128, 129, 130, 140, 200, 223, 254, 267, 290, 318, 319, 321

milk, 53, 63, 64, 83, 124, 127, 128 oil, 20, 24

roots, 126, 129, 211 salt, 20, 24, 37, 167 sesame, 127, 130, 294, 309 sugarcane, 20, 24 335

Index

forest(s), 82, 105, 107, 127, 130, 213, 214, 234, 269, 273, 274, 277, 280, 281, 286, 305, 307 See also tree(s) forest-dweller, 237 Forest of Pearls from the Dharma garden, A, xiii-xiv, 3, 5, 7 See also Fayuan zhulin four heavenly kings/rulers of the four heavens, 26, 71, 72, 74, 79, 82, 85, 86, 89, 90, 91, 92, 99, 104, 108-109, 111, 112, 113-114, 115, 116,119, 121, 132, 172, 250

cities of, 99, 104 Āṭavaṭa, 104

Dhṛtarāṣṭra, 104 Gavāṃpati, 104

Sudarśana, 99, 104, 105, 107 Visāṇā, 104

Zhouluo, 104

Dhṛtarāṣṭra, 74, 104, 108, 119 Vaiśravaṇa, 75, 104, 108, 119 Virūḍhaka, 75, 104, 108, 119 Virūpākṣa, 104, 108, 119 four modes of conduct (walking, standing, sitting, and lying down), 167 Four Noble Truths, 113 Four-part Vinaya, 321 fragrance(s)/perfume(s), 62, 64, 80, 83, 84, 107, 125, 140, 182, 192, 208, 298 See also incense Fu fazang jing, 23, 93, 194 G

gandharva(s), 59, 74, 119, 128, 130, 133, 205, 211, 230

Gao, 318

Gantong, 177

Gaoseng, 177

See also Liang gaoseng zhuan; Tang gaoseng zhuan

336

garden(s), 3, 7, 63, 100-102, 107, 116, 168, 206, 212, 213, 259, 260, 298 Attractive, 206

Auspicious Happiness, 206 Caitraratha/Chariot Garden, 100, 107 Delight and Joy, 206 Parūṣakavana/Roughness Garden, 100, 101, 107

Miśrakāvaṇa/Mixed Grove Garden, 100, 107

Nandana/Pleasure Grove Garden, 100, 101, 107

Utmost Joy, 206

garuḍa(s), 58, 68, 71, 114, 151, 251-252, 256-258, 260-262 king, Zhengyin, 257 Gāthā-sūtra, 204 Geliang zhuan, 160 gem(s)/gemstones, 4, 107, 261 See also jewel(s) gender, 92, 119

See also female; women ghost(s), 75, 163, 179, 199-200, 204, 211, 212, 217-234, 235-237, 239-247, 251, 268, 312 corpse-eating, 251 evil, 12, 15, 16, 199, 200 Huangfu, 200

kumbhāṇḍa, 75, 119, 218 xilusuojia, 251

See also hungry ghost(s); kumbhāṇḍa(s); piśāca(s); spirit(s) god(s), 13, 25, 29, 30, 33, 36, 38, 40, 42-45, 59, 62, 63, 71-72, 75, 82-86, 89-94, 96-121, 124-132, 134, 137, 138, 147, 148, 150, 151, 163-164, 165-167, 170, 171-176, 179, 180, 189, 194, 196, 203-206, 209-213, 215, 219-221, 230-232, 243, 244, 250, 251, 269, 302, 303, 306, 309-310 Akaniṣṭhabhavana, 112

Brahmā/Mahābrahmā, 10, 40, 42, 120, 129, 132, 178 Brahmakāyika, 10 earth, 59

Fenglong, 217 fire, 59, 126, 127, 129, 217 Fushe, 130

Guangyin, 205 Huilu, 217

Indra/Śakra/Śakra-devānam Indra, 50, 75-76, 85, 90, 104, 105, 106, 107-108, 109, 119-120, 125, 128, 129, 172, 174, 204, 205, 210, 212 Karoṭapāṇi, 99 Lieque, 217

Mahāsammata, 124 Maheśvara, 112 Mālādhara, 99 Māra, 40

Moduoluo, 128 Sadāmatta, 99 Shapilidi, 128 of the sun, moon, and stars, 26, 99, 126, 127, 137-139, 210 Suyāma, 75

thirty-three/of the Thirty-three Heavens, 86, 92, 99, 101, 104, 105, 108, 109, 111, 112, 114 Tuoluonu, 130 Viṣṇu, 129

water, 59, 126, 129, 217 wind, 59

Yama, 42, 99, 130, 166, 167 See also four heavenly kings/rulers of the four heavens goddess(es), 106, 183 good/goodness, 10, 13, 20, 45, 74, 75, 101, 108, 109, 110, 118, 124, 125, 131, 132, 161, 164, 176, 177, 186, 194, 196, 237, 282, 308, 315 Index

acts/deeds, 12, 15, 16, 17, 20, 21-22, 32, 45, 64, 65, 76-77, 78, 82, 83, 109, 126, 165, 166, 169, 171, 172, 176, 177, 203, 207, 218, 229, 230, 235, 236, 239, 261, 283, 295, 299, 300, 305, 306, 309, 310, 311, 313, 316 consequences/karma/results/retribution/rewards, 177, 221, 227, 228, 271, 285, 308 dharmas, 15, 17 fortune, 136, 180, 244, 314 friends, 7, 230, 305 memory, 70, 71, 189 rebirth(s), 9, 109 statements/teachings/words, 13, 101, 123, 127

Goose King, 167 Great One/Great Ultimate, 153 See also One, the Great Sage, 23, 49, 82, 136, 174, 182, 243 See also Buddha Great Vehicle, 4, 74, 91, 99, 203 See also Mahayana Great Wall, 202 Great Way, 50, 318 See also Way, the Guanfo sanmei jing, 34, 35, 211, 230, 257

Guanfo sanmei hai jing, 205, 286, 303 Guang hongming ji. See Extended Collection of Writings for Spreading and Illuminating the Way Guangya, 154

Guannei, Marquis of, Ho Boping, 316 Guanzi, 202

Guan Ziyang, 157 Guo Jingchun, 154 Guo Pu, 159, 160 Guoyü, 200

Gusu, Great Count of, 217 Guttila, 79-80, 81-82 337

Index

H

Hailongwang jing, 259

hall(s):, 58, 186, 203, 307, 315, 317-318, 322

Great Hall of Opening Light, 315 Hall of Good Conduct, 164 Hall of Good Dharma/Teaching (Su dhar masabhā), 83, 101, 107, 108, 109, 210, 212

Hall of Seven Leaves, 210 Moheyan Hall, 185

Sudarśana Hall, 104

Vaijayanta, 100, 106

See also palace(s)

Hanshi waizhuan, 245

He, 186

heaven(s), 4, 9, 10, 15, 17, 22, 30, 32, 34, 36, 37, 40, 42-45, 47, 49, 50, 54, 61, 64-67, 72-75, 77-80, 82-85, 89-91, 94, 95, 97-104, 106, 108-119, 121, 125, 126, 134-136, 142, 150, 152-155, 157-159, 163-165, 167-173, 175, 178, 183, 185, 189, 197, 199, 200, 203, 211, 213, 215, 220, 221, 228-230, 235, 242-245, 248, 250, 262, 266, 267, 278, 299, 308, 321 Anabhraka/Fuqing, 86, 90 Anāgāmiphala, 164

Brahmā, 35, 36, 40, 41, 42, 50, 53, 75, 78, 125, 164, 171, 178

of the formless realm, 72, 77, 97, 98, 99, 117, 163, 164

Heaven of Nonexistence/Nothingness (Akiṃcanyāyatana), 73, 85, 94, 98, 164

Heaven of Infinite Consciousness/ Unbounded Consciousness

(Vijñānā nantyāyatana), 73, 85, 94, 97-98, 116, 164

Heaven of Infinite Space/Empty Space/ 338

Unbounded Emptiness (Ākāśānantyāyatana), 73, 85, 94, 97-98, 164 Heaven of Neither Thought Nor Nothought (Naivasaṃjñānāsamjñā yatana), 73, 74, 85, 94, 98, 164, 170, 171

four, 60, 61, 90, 192, 204, 210, 211, 250 Indra/Śakra, 90, 120, 125, 148 Māra, 41, 91, 114

of the realm of desire, 30, 32, 33, 35, 40, 50, 72, 77, 78, 84, 87, 90, 91, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 120, 163-164, 170, 181, 210, 251, 262, 303

Changfangyi (Sadāmatta?), 72 Chihuaman (Mālādhāra?), 72 of the four heavenly kings/four rulers, 72, 164

Ganshou (Karoṭapāṇi?), 72 Heaven of Pleasures Produced by Others/Paranirmitavaśavartin, 32, 40, 41, 43, 72, 75, 79, 85, 86, 90, 91, 92, 93, 99, 102, 114, 115, 164, 172

Heaven of Self-produced Pleasures/ Nirmāṇarati, 41, 71, 72, 75, 79, 85, 86, 90, 91, 92, 93, 99, 114, 115, 164 of the sun, moon, and stars, 72 Heaven of the Thirty-three Gods/ Trāyastriṃśa, 41, 68, 71, 72, 79, 82, 83, 85, 90, 91, 92, 100, 101, 104, 105, 108, 109, 111, 114, 118, 119, 120, 121, 164, 175, 206, 208, 210, 212

Tuṣita Heaven, 41, 62, 71, 72, 75, 79, 85, 86, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 99, 114, 115, 151, 164, 220

Yama Heaven, 40, 41-42, 71, 72, 79, 85, 85, 86, 90, 91, 92, 102, 111, 114, 115, 118, 120, 121, 167

of the realm of form, 39, 53, 50, 77, 94, 100, 120, 121, 164, 166, 168, 170, 251

Ābhāsvara, 32, 33, 36, 38, 42, 43, 45, 73, 85, 86, 90, 93, 96, 146, 164 Abṛha, 73, 85, 86, 90, 93, 164 Apramāṇābha, 73, 86, 90, 93, 96 Apramāṇaśubha, 73

Akaniṣṭha, 73, 85, 86, 90, 96, 86, 87, 89, 90, 94, 99, 102, 103, 121 Asaṃjñika/Heaven of No-thought, 73, 85, 86, 90, 93, 94, 163 Atapa, 73, 86, 90, 94, 164 Brahmakāyika, 72, 85, 90, 93, 96, 102, 103

Brahmapurohita, 42, 72, 90, 93, 96, 164

Bṛhatphala, 32, 73, 85, 86, 90, 93, 164 Fuai, 73, 93

Mahābrahmā, 42, 72, 73, 90, 93, 94, 96, 111

Parīttābha, 73, 90, 93, 96, 103 Parīttaśubha, 73, 86, 90, 93, 96 Punyaprasava, 73, 86, 90, 93 Śubhakṛtsna (Bianjing), 32, 38, 73, 85, 86, 90, 93, 96, 117, 164, 166 Sudarśaṇa, 73, 85, 86, 90, 94, 164 Sudṛśa, 73, 85, 86, 90, 164 Śuddhāvāsa, 39, 43, 73 Heaven:

Gate of, 178, 181

Son of, 243

heavenly, 62, 78, 82, 92, 106, 107, 118, 138, 146, 157, 183, 184, 192, 200, 230 being(s), 80, 81, 111, 178, 317 cloth, 31, 107

emperor, 76, 152

food (sudhā), 84, 116-117 garments/robes, 84, 91, 221, 232 gold, 104, 137

Index

kings (four), 18, 26, 71, 72, 74-75, 79, 82, 85, 86, 89, 90, 91, 92, 99, 108-109, 111, 112, 113-114, 115, 116, 119, 120, 121, 132, 172, 250 light, 44, 142

maiden(s), 79-82, 83, 84, 105, 119, 120, 138, 171, 172, 173, 179, 183 messenger(s), 309, 310, 311 official, 239, 298

palace(s), 34, 40, 42, 79, 100, 186, 229 realm(s), 33, 37, 39, 43, 94, 104, 111, 163, 221, 250

sage(s), 131, 132, 133 silver, 138, 140

Heavenly Office, 243

Heavenly Ruler, 140, 243 hell(s)/hell realm(s), 10, 32, 33, 34, 36, 42, 43, 73, 86, 116, 163, 164, 169, 171, 172, 173, 224, 225, 228, 229, 237, 238, 242, 251, 254, 259, 260, 273-300, 302-309, 311, 312, 313 Again-revived Hell/Equally Reviving Hell/Repeatedly Reviving Hell/Re vivifying Hell, 92-93, 276, 277, 291, 306, 308

Aho/Ouhou Hell, 290, 292, 294 Animal Hell, 297

Apapa Hell, 292

Arbuda Hell, 290, 292, 294, 296 Ash River, 280, 288

Aṭaṭa Hell, 290, 292, 294 Avīci/Hell of Incessant Punishment/No Choice Hell/No Interruption Hell, 9, 35, 43, 86, 93, 95, 170, 274, 276, 277, 278, 285-290, 292, 303, 304-305, 308 Ax Hell, 281

Black Ear Hell, 297, 298 Black Rope Hell/Hell of Black Rope, 92, 277, 278, 282, 291, 306, 308 339

Index

hell(s)/hell realm(s) (continued): Black Sand Hell, 278, 282, 283 Blowing Sand Hell, 297 Boiling Excrement Hell, 278, 279, 288, 297

Boiling Water Cauldron Hell/Cauldrons of Boiling Water, 288, 297 Borderland Hell, 291, 293 Burning Hell/Heat Hell/Hell of Heat/Heat Torture Hell/Hot Hell, 93, 276, 278, 288, 291, 292, 308 Carriages on Fire/Fire Chariot Hell, 288, 297

Clashing and Grinding Hell/Crushing Hell/Mortar Mountain Hell/Pressing and Crushing Hell, 292-283, 306, 307, 308

Cold Hell, 291, 292-293 Cold Ice Hell, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 288, 294, 297, 305

Copper Cauldron Hell, 279 Copper Pillar, 288

Darkness/Dark Place Hell, 288, 293, 305 Drinking Molten Copper/Molten Copper Hell, 288, 297

eight great, 35, 61, 278-286, 292-293 Forest of Daggers, 288 Forest of Swords/Sword Forest, 280, 288 Gathered Multitude Hell/Hell of Gathered Multitude/Mass Knocking Hell, 277, 291

Great Burning Hell/Great Heat Hell/ Hell of Extreme Heat/Intense Heat Hell, 276, 292, 308 Great Hell of Screaming/Great Howling Hell/Great Screaming Hell/Great Screaming and Howling Hell, 277, 278, 291

Hell of Screaming/Howling Hell/ Screaming Hell/Screaming and 340

Howling Hell/Shouting Hell, 93, 173, 277, 278, 283, 291, 307 Huhuva Hell, 290, 294 Hunger Hell of Iron, 279 Illusory Thought Hell, 278, 282 Intense Roasting Hell/Roasting Hell, 284-285

Iron Ball Hell, 281, 288 Iron Cave, 288

Iron Floor Hell, 297 Iron Mortar Hell, 297 Iron Nail Hell, 279 Iron Net, 288

Iron Rods Hell, 297 Kai Mountain Hell, 297 Knife Mountain Hell, 297 Kumuda Hell, 20, 291, 295 Loud Howling Hell/Loud Screaming and Howling Hell/Loud Shouting Hell, 93, 277, 278, 283-284, 291, 307, 308

Many Cauldrons Hell, 279, 280 Measuring Fire Hell, 280 Multiple Heat Hell, 93 Multiple Punishment Hell, 92 Nirarbuda Hell, 290, 294, 296 Niraya Hell, 297, 298, 304 Padma Hell, 290, 291, 292, 294, 295, 296

Peeling Skin Hell, 297 Pointed Stones, 288 Puṇḍarīka Hell, 290, 291, 292, 295 Pus and Blood Hell, 280 Saugandhika Hell, 290, 291, 294 Soldiers with Swords Hell, 297 Steel Mechanism, 288 Stone Mill Hell, 280 Sword Tree Hell, 281 Thirst Hell, 279

Utpala Hell, 290, 291, 292, 294-295

Water Hell, 297 Wheels of Knives, 288 Wheels of Swords, 288 Wild Dogs and Wolves Hell, 281 Worm Hell, 297 hell king(s), 273, 296-298 Esheng, 297

Feijinshou, 297 Feishi , 297

Gaicuo, 297

Guanshen, 297 Jiashi, 297

Jiayan, 297

Mingshen, 297 Pijia, 297

Quzun, 297

Tangwei, 297

Tibo, 297

Tiejiaran, 297 Yaotou, 297

Yida, 297

Yuetou, 297

See also King of Hell Helian, 177

Hetu, 152

Hetu wei:

Ditongji chapter, 158, 159 Kuadixiang chapter, 158 Longyu chapter, 198 Shikai chapter, 158, 160 Yuban chapter, 198 holy:

beings, 60, 73, 151, 165, 255 knowledge/scriptures/teaching, 9, 22, 28, 31, 125, 169 men/person, 255, 275 ones, 32, 175, 302, 303 path, 125, 132 holy language. See Sanskrit Honei, 235

Index

Hongming, 177 Honored One/World-honored One, 10, 23, 26, 60, 75, 79, 108, 174, 190, 254, 260, 290, 293, 296 See also Buddha householder(s), 132, 151, 192, 215, 223, 236, 237, 255, 259, 260, 299-302, 318, 320

See also lay, believers/devotees/followers; layman/laypeople Huainan, Prince of, 266 Huainan Zi, 158 Huangfu Shian, 152 Huan Tan, 157 Huayan jing, 52, 257, 259 Huai Yao, 263, 265 Huilu. See god(s), fire Huishao, 176, 185-186 Huiwei, 176, 179-180 Huiyuan, 160

hungry ghost(s), 32, 33, 43, 71, 93, 169, 173, 204, 206, 218, 219, 220, 222, 228, 229, 230, 233, 249, 254, 305 thirty-six kinds, 222-226 See also ghost(s); preta(s) I

illness(es), 7, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, 63, 68, 83, 95, 149, 176, 177, 181, 190, 192, 196, 241, 242, 243, 319 See also birth, aging/old age, illness, and death

immortal(s)/immortality, 5, 117, 124, 181, 182, 183, 184 inauspicious, 153, 184, 271 See also auspicious/auspiciousness incense, 7, 106, 160, 178, 192, 212, 223, 274, 314

See also fragrance(s)/perfume(s); offering(s)

341

Index

India/Indian, xiii, xiv, 25, 31, 199, 268 Central, 84, 213, 215 South, 214, 268 insect(s), 252, 253, 255, 262, 279, 286, 307

ants, 4, 248, 255 centipedes, 249 crickets, 248, 255 dayfly/firefly/flies, 62, 84, 112, 113, 253, 315

dung beetles, 255 lice, 89

mosquito(es), 62, 84, 252 scorpion(s), 129, 130, 247 wasps, 247

worms, 136, 305 earthworms, 168 nyaṅkuṭā, 249 silkworm(s), 196 See also animal(s); creature(s) J

jade woman/women, 183-185, 208, 287 Beautiful Forest, 208 Fragrances, 208 Shadowlike, 208 Superior Virtue, 208 Zhiqiong, 185 Japan, 201

jewel(s)/jeweled/jewelry, 4, 5, 10, 35, 40, 41, 43, 62, 66, 67, 68, 70, 82, 84, 100, 104, 105, 106, 107, 117, 123, 137, 172, 173, 195, 197, 201, 247, 258, 287 agate, 40

crystal, 40, 41, 54, 57, 104, 261 diamond(s), 41, 53, 61, 199 gold, 40, 53, 54, 68, 80, 81, 100, 104, 105, 137, 149, 161, 206, 241, 242, 256, 261, 266, 297, 315 Jambūnada, 68, 137 342

jade, 3, 50, 54, 57, 66, 67, 138, 161,164, 211, 270, 274, 315 lapis lazuli, 40, 104, 106, 259 moonstones, 261 maṇi/wish-fulfilling, 17, 62, 63, 105, 113, 256, 258 musāragalva shells, 40 pearls, 40, 201, 212 silver, 40, 54, 57. 104, 138, 149, 206, 256, 259, 261, 297 vaiḍūrya, 178, 183 See also gem(s); seven jewels/precious materials

Jeweled Tower, 4 Ji Huanzi, 263, 265 Jian'an, Prince of, 176 Jiang, Lord, 247 Jiashe. See Kāśyapa Jingdu sanmei jing, 296, 298 Jingling, Prince of. See Wenxuan Jinglu yixiang, 177 Jinguangming jing, 53 Jingyi, 177

Ji shenzhou sanbao gantong lu. See Collected Records of Three Jewels Miracles

Jiuding ji, 247 Ji Zi, 217

Jotika, 193

Jushe apidamo, 11 Jushe lun, 95, 293 Jyotirasa, 124 K

Kaliṅga, 148

kalpa(s), 9-16, 24-25, 29-31, 34, 35, 37, 43, 93, 131, 136, 209, 251, 253, 255, 258

of abiding, 15, 24, 30, 31 of absence, 30, 31 antara-, 24, 29-30, 42, 43, 95, 295

of arising, 10-11 asaṃkhya, 9, 30 of destruction, 10, 24, 29, 30, 31, 32-34, 36, 39

of formation, 11, 24, 29, 30, 31, 40-43, 44

greater/large/major, 9-10, 14, 24, 29, 30, 31, 38, 43 lesser/minor, 9-11, 14, 15, 30, 31 See also world age(s) Kanakamuni, 259 Kangju (Sogdiana), 200-201 karma, 33, 35, 39, 47, 52, 53, 70, 71, 84, 101, 112, 164, 171, 172, 227, 228, 251, 281, 285, 288 karmic, 46, 59, 77, 227, 228, 236 cause(s), 7, 72, 73, 76, 161, 165, 186, 190, 202, 207-208, 217, 227, 228, 229, 247, 251, 253, 254, 273, 300 conditions, 12, 15, 16, 33, 148, 180, 220 consequences/effect(s)/results, 14, 33, 38, 76, 109, 152, 163, 167, 169, 171, 172, 173, 176, 188, 204, 207, 271, 276, 289, 290, 300 power(s), 36, 39, 42, 134, 250 retribution(s), 10, 23, 24, 36, 99, 112, 120, 147, 166, 169, 220, 221, 235, 254, 262, 273, 276 reward(s), 73, 107, 228, 229, 250, 316 Kāśyapa, 255, 259 Kauśika, 76, 212 See also god(s), Indra/Śakra/Śakradevānām Indra kiṃnaras, 251 king(s), 12, 18-19, 31, 46, 51, 74, 120, 124, 132, 137, 177, 188, 191, 192, 194-195, 196-197, 198, 199, 212, 217, 221, 224, 266-267, 268-269, 297

Aśoka, 23

Bimbisāra, 296-297 Index

cakravartin/wheel-turning, 7, 18 Liao, 198

Mūrdhajarāja, 18-19 Śaṅkha, 22

Suvarṇapuṣpa, 270-271 Udayana, 194

Weituosheng, 296 Wen, 136

See also asura(s)/asura king(s); dragon(s)/dragon king(s); four heavenly kings/rulers of the four heavens; hell king(s) King of Hell, 224, 273, 287, 298 See also god(s), Yama kingdom(s)/state(s), 12, 13, 14, 18, 61, 133, 135, 160, 161, 187, 191, 193, 195, 107, 199, 200-201, 202, 203, 213, 217, 240, 241, 266, 267, 268-270, 271 Anduobojilena, 133 Campa, 213

Cheli, 199

Cīna (China), 26 Dhanakataka, 214 Han, 267, 271 Hu, 240

Gandhāra, 133 Great Qin/Qin, 198, 200, 201 Jiaobusha, 133 Jiaoyao, 200, 201 Kosalā, 79, 81, 82, 294 Kucha, 270

Kuśinagara, 175 Longbo, 198

Magadha, 215

Nasheluo, 133 Poloujia, 133 Shuluna, 133

Siṃhala, 268

Suraṣṭra, 133 Tang, 213

Tiao, 198

343

Index

kingdom(s)/state(s) (continued): Vaideha, 133

Vaiśālī, 175

Wei, 182

Yangqiemoqietuo, 133 Zhao, 318

Zhongqin, 198

See also dynasty/period Kokālika, 295

Krakucchanda, 259 kṣatriya(s), 18, 46, 133 kumbhāṇḍa(s), 75, 119, 218 L

Laozi, 244

lay, 81

believers/devotees/followers, 259, 260, 287

layman/laypeople, 54, 215 Liang gaoseng zhuan, 180, 186 Liang ji, 198

Li Dan, 234, 238-239 Li Defeng, 324

Lieyi zhuan, 246 Liezi, 152, 156, 201 lightning, 47, 83, 123, 147, 148, 160, 161, 177, 193, 195, 205, 217, 218, 286 See also thunder Liji, "Sacrifice" chapter, 245 Lion Country, 270 See also kingdom(s)/state(s), Siṃhala lion seat, 107

Lishi apitan lun, 10, 11, 14, 15, 17, 43, 59, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 85, 91, 95, 104, 106, 107, 111, 113, 114, 141, 142, 143, 150, 165, 188, 203, 218, 249, 274, 293

Lishi jing, 53, 69 Li Sihu, 324

Litong, 152

Liu Heng, 324

344

Liu Zhigan, 313, 321-324 Li Xun, 154, 159 Li Yan, 3

lotus(es), 83, 166, 174, 186, 203, 211, 212 blue/utpala, 55, 291, 292 red/padma, 55, 291, 292 white/puṇḍarīka, 55, 291, 292 yellow/kumuda, 55, 291 See also flower(s) Lotus Sutra, 49 Loutan jing, 29, 30, 44, 50, 53, 61, 65, 70, 103, 110, 133, 164, 250, 258, 259, 278

Lü Guang, 198

lunar station(s), 25, 123-124, 125, 126-133, 135-136, 145, 151, 198 seven, of the Eastern Gate, 126-127 Bi (Rohiṇī), 126, 130 Gui (Puṣya), 127 Jing (Punarvasu), 127 Liu (Aśleṣā), 127 Mao (Kṛttikā), 126, 131, 136, 198 Shen (Ārdrā), 126, 130 Zi (Mṛgaśira), 126 seven, of the Northern Gate, 129-130 Bi (Uttarabhadrapadā), 130 Kui (Revatī), 130 Lou (Aśvinī), 130 Shi (Pūrvabhadrapadā), 130 Xuxing (Dhaniṣṭhā), 129 Wei (Bharaṇī), 130, 131 Wei (Śatabhiṣā), 130 seven, of the Southern Gate, 127-128 Di (Viśākhā), 128, 130 Gang (Svātī), 128 Jue (Citrā), 128 Qixing (Maghā), 127 Yi (Uttaraphalgunī), 127 Zhang (Pūrvaphālgunī), 127 Zhen (Hastā), 128

seven, of the Western Gate, 128-129 Dou (Uttarāṣādhā), 129, 130, 198 Fang (Anurādhā), 128 Ji (Pūrvāṣādhā), 129 Niu (Abhijit), 129 Nü (Śravaṇā), 129 Wei (Mūlā), 129

Xin (Jyeṣṭhā), 128 See also moon; star(s); star mansion(s) Lunheng, 155, 157, 158 Lun women, 176, 180-181 Luoshu zhenyaodu, 155 M

Madhyamāgama. See Zhong ahan jing Maghavā, 76

See also god(s), Śakra/Śakra-devānām Indra

magic/magical, 7, 101, 136, 224 Mahāmaudgalyāyana/Maudgalyāyana, 106, 175, 295

Mahayana, 4, 50, 302, 304 See also Great Vehicle Maitreya, 214

Mamu Mengcheng, 319 Māndhāta, 188

māra(s), 40, 114, 226 Māra, 41, 85, 91, 110, 114, 151, 163, 226 marriage, 66, 67, 69, 72, 114 See also desire(s); sexual Mātali, 221

Ma Zhou, 244

medicine(s), 12, 125 meditation(s)/meditative state(s), 33, 38, 74, 77, 78, 97, 98, 111, 112, 116, 117, 119, 124, 179, 180, 186, 230 four, 74, 102, 167 first, 30, 33, 39, 72, 73, 94, 95, 96, 102, 103, 117, 120 fourth, 37, 39, 40, 43, 73, 102 Index

second, 30, 32, 33, 37, 39, 73, 95, 96, 102, 103

third, 37, 39, 73, 95, 96, 97, 102, 117 no-thought, 73, 77 merit(s)/meritorious, 7, 23, 36, 39, 42, 43, 45, 49, 70, 80, 81, 82, 84, 106, 109, 110, 117, 118, 124, 125, 131, 152, 170, 212, 224, 227, 239, 243, 247, 258, 260

acts/deeds/service/work(s), 7, 20, 22, 108, 192, 211, 218, 223, 224, 236, 237, 238, 266, 270, 274, 321, 323, 324

power(s), 94, 111-112, 124, 250 Ming, Emperor, 4 Mingbao ji, 239, 244, 324 Mingbao shiyi, 177 Mingseng, 177

Mingxiang/Mingxiang ji, 177, 179, 181, 320

miracle(s)/miracle stories, xiii, xiv, 176, 181, 186, 197, 213, 234, 236, 239, 244, 245, 263, 271, 312 Molianna, 148

monastery(ies)/temple(s), xiii, 7, 9, 173, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 185, 214, 215, 237, 242, 255, 302, 304, 314, 316

Anpusi, 186

Longyuansi, 185, 186 Lingwei Temple, 235 Mahābodhi Temple, 134 Nālanda Monastery, 215 Nanlin Temple, 235 Ximingsi, xiii, 4, 7 Xuanzhongsi, 181, 182 Yanxingsi, 180

monastic(s), xiii, xiv, 4, 9, 54, 180, 302 community/order, 7, 166, 300, 301, 305 discipline/rules, 180, 301 See also monk(s); nun(s) 345

Index

monk(s), xiii, 7, 10, 22, 23, 26, 46, 58, 59, 61, 70, 75-76, 78, 79, 81, 86, 101, 108, 112, 113, 137, 138, 142, 143, 144, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 160, 168, 177, 179, 180, 181, 185, 186, 209, 222, 223, 227, 230, 235, 236, 237-238, 252, 255, 258, 260, 288, 290, 295, 301, 302, 308, 309, 312, 315, 316, 317, 318 novice/student, 178, 237, 254, 255 robe, 223, 299

See also monastic(s)

monster(s), 205, 234, 263, 266, 320 Jiaguo, 263, 264

qingji, 202

Wangxiang, 265

See also demon(s)

moon(s), 7, 25, 26, 28, 36, 43, 44, 46-47, 50, 51, 54, 72, 84, 92, 112, 123, 124, 125, 126-131, 132, 135, 138-139, 140, 142, 143-144, 145, 149, 150, 153, 155, 156, 157, 158, 161, 177, 209-210, 211, 220, 245, 252, 278, 293, 298, 312 deity/god, 41, 61, 99, 126, 138-139 full, 28, 66, 67, 86, 144, 190, 235 half-, 66, 190

palace, 123, 138-140

See also lunar mansion(s) mountain(s), 3, 20, 34, 35, 41, 42, 49, 50, 54-55, 56, 58-59, 61, 62, 64, 67, 72, 87, 99, 100, 103, 104, 111, 119, 136, 140, 141, 142, 151, 160, 178, 179, 181, 182, 187, 200, 203, 204, 206, 208, 210, 213, 214, 215, 217, 219, 220, 226, 229, 230, 233, 234, 237, 244, 245, 248, 252, 258, 262, 263, 264, 267, 268, 269, 273, 274, 278, 282, 284, 286, 291, 292, 293, 297, 300, 320

Black Mountain/Seven Black Mountains, 58 Cakravāḍaparvata/Mount Cakravāḍa, 55, 59, 60, 103, 111, 140 346

Five Peaks/five sacred mountains, 201, 231

Fragrant Hill (Gandhamādana)/Fragrant Mountain (Gandhagiri), 56, 58, 211 Golden Wall, 56

Great Snow Mountain/Himalayas/ Snow Mountain (Himavat), 56, 58, 124, 125, 132

Great Iron Ring Mountain/Great Surrounding Mountain Range/Iron Ring Mountains/Iron (Surrounding) Mountain(s), 41, 50, 51, 55, 220, 251, 262, 278, 293, 294, 298 Great Vajra Mountain/Vajra Mountain, 257, 258, 278, 297

Hangu Pass, 312, 320

Mount Aśvakarna, 55, 140 Mount Beishan, 182

Mount Hua, 3, 187

Mount Īṣādhara, 54, 140 Mount Jishi, 57

Mount Jiuyi, 201

Mount Khadiraka, 54, 140 Mount Kunlun, 158, 198 Mount Lu, 160

Mount Nimindhara, 55, 140 Mount Pingyao, 182

Mount Song, 3, 187

Mount Sudarśana, 55, 140 Mount Songgao, 237, 238 Mount Sumeru, 34, 35, 36, 41, 42, 44, 50, 51, 54, 60, 61, 65, 66, 67, 70, 85, 99, 100, 102, 103, 132, 140, 142, 179, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 210, 212, 252, 257, 259, 261 Mount Tai, 240, 241, 242, 243, 247 Mount Vinataka, 55, 140 Mount Wutai, 181

Mount Yu, 185

Mount Yuchanna, 56

Mount Yugaṃdhara/Yugaṃdhara Mountains, 35, 54, 55 104, 140 Mount Zhongnan, 267 Round Hill, 153 Southern Mountain, 324 Treasure Mountain, 56 Vulture Peak, 274 See also cave(s) Mouxiuluntuo, 167 music, 58, 63, 105, 107, 173, 178, 182, 211, 217

N

nāga. See dragon(s) Nāgārjuna, 256

naraka. See hell(s) Narāyana, 53

Naxian biqiu wenfo jing, 295 Nengren. See Śākyamuni netherworld, 323, 324 See also hell(s) Niepan jing, 74, 168, 170, 171, 195, 256, 257

See also Nirvana Sutra Nimi, 221

Nirvana Sutra, 49, 78, 163, 197 See also Niepan jing non-Buddhist(s), 73, 146, 147, 152, 163, 234

nun(s), 78, 81, 180, 181, 186, 287, 301, 304, 305

See also monastic(s) O

ocean(s)/sea(s), 22, 34, 35, 36, 41, 42, 44, 50, 51, 54, 55, 57, 59-60, 61, 63, 103, 135, 136, 140, 142, 148, 179, 192, 200, 203, 204-205, 206, 207, 208, 210, 212, 220, 224, 233, 250, 251, 252, 256, 257, 259, 260, 261, 262, 270, 277, 278, 287 Index

four great, 35, 192, 208, 212 Eastern Ocean, 56 Northern Ocean/North Sea, 56, 57, 252 Southern Ocean/South Sea, 56, 57, 252 Western Ocean, 56 Nimindhara, 60

Penglai Ocean, 252 Sumeru Ocean, 140 Yuchanna, 56

offering(s), 23, 107, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 237, 240, 254, 320 One, the, 153, 244 See also Great One/Great Ultimate Original Goodness, 123 Original Substance, 152 See also Primal Beginnings, Commence ment, Material, Simplicity P

palace(s), 41, 71, 80, 81, 83, 85, 101, 105, 106, 110, 111, 137, 138, 140, 142, 163, 164, 182, 192, 195, 198, 210, 213, 215, 256, 257, 259, 260, 261, 262, 266, 297, 298-299, 317 Anavatapta, 58

asura/demigod, 141, 148, 203, 207, 213, 214, 215

Brahmā, 34, 40, 42 heavenly, 40, 42, 79, 100, 186, 229 Indra/Śakra, 106, 107, 164 Māra, 85, 110

moon, 123, 138-140 Shemopoti, 206

Sudarśana, 100

sun, 34, 123, 137-138, 140, 144 Vaijayanta, 100, 105 Yama, 42, 297, 298 See also hall(s) Pañcaśikha, 104 Pārṣa, 270

347

Index

passion(s), 187, 188, 196 See also desire(s)

path(s), 49, 113, 123, 306 correct, 5, 121

of enlightenment/liberation, 9, 274 holy/religious, 125, 132, 215, 258, 296 Peacock King, 167

Pei Tongjie, 324

Pengsheng, 271

Perfection of Wisdom scriptures, 119, 304 Perfection of Wisdom Sutra, 144, 163, 177, 178, 212

Piṇḍola-Bhāradvāja, 23, 194, 196 Pintoulutuluoshe wei Youtuoyanwang shuo jing, 194, 196

piśāca(s), 74, 251

Pitan lun, 69, 164, 170, 253 See also Za apitanxin lun/Zaxin lun Piyeposhenrenwen jing/Piyeshawen jing, 82

poison/poisoned/poisonous, 23, 62, 171, 191, 214, 225, 226, 244, 247, 249, 257, 258, 260, 270, 271, 286, 296, 301 See also three poisons Polishe, 137

pond(s), 56, 57, 62, 101, 105, 107, 116, 173, 186, 190, 192, 202, 206, 212, 213, 225, 228, 248, 270, 271, 274, 298 Anavatapta Pond, 56, 62 Citra Pond, 107

Nandana Pond, 107

Pāruṣakavana Pond, 107 Posha lun, 11, 72, 75, 90, 95, 97, 98, 102, 115, 118, 165, 173, 188, 189, 203, 204, 205, 218, 219, 220, 221, 228, 231, 232, 233, 248, 249, 250, 251, 275, 276, 299

See also Apidamo da piposha lun practice(s), xiv, 4, 7, 77, 97, 115, 140, 182, 213, 237, 239, 315, 316 348

bodhisattva, 140

five kinds of, 74

meditative/of meditation, 97, 98, 179 pure, 149, 228, 299

prajñāpāramitā. See wisdom, perfect Prajñapti-śāstra, 25

pratyekabuddha(s), 74, 167, 208, 301, 302 precept(s), 4, 7, 13, 22, 78, 79, 112, 118, 121, 149, 172, 179, 204, 211, 223, 236, 237, 255, 259, 260, 261, 287, 301, 302, 304, 316, 318 complete, 4, 255, 300, 301, 302 eight, 108, 239, 257, 260, 261 five, 172, 257, 274

lay, 81

pure, 222, 255

preta(s), 32, 71, 75, 218-219 See also hungry ghost(s) Primal Beginnings, Commencement, Material, Simplicity, 152-153 Primary Substance. See Original Substance Puraṃdara, 76

See also god(s), Indra/Śakra/Śakradevānām Indra Purāṇa, 150

Pure Land, 121, 137, 182, 193, 274 Pusa chutai jing, 27, 251, 260 Pusa cong doushutian jiangshen mutai shuo guangpu jing. See Pusa chutai jing

Pusazang jing, 52, 190 pūtana, 75

Q

qi, 135, 154, 157, 158, 159, 244, 245, 266, 320

See also Daoism/Daoist Qifu group, 161

Qingling jing, 247

Qishi jing, 11, 40, 41, 50, 54, 58, 66, 68, 70, 84, 91, 101, 106, 110, 113, 114, 116, 117, 137, 138, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 206, 270, 288, 294, 295, 298, 306, 309 Qishi yinben jing, 110, 113, 114, 116 quietude, 15, 17, 168, 169, 185 Qu Jian, 245

R

Rāhula, 306

rain/rainfall, 4, 7, 12, 15, 16, 17, 34, 35, 36, 37, 40, 41, 42, 52, 62, 63, 123, 131, 141, 147, 148-149, 160, 217, 218, 229, 244, 250, 267, 286, 313 three kinds, of the asuras, dragons, gods, 147-148

rākṣasa(s), 75, 151, 218

rākṣasī. See demon(s), female realm(s), 4, 22, 32, 34, 39, 43, 44, 45, 49, 50, 51, 57, 58, 59, 61, 72, 77, 85, 96, 97, 98, 108, 109, 111, 114, 118, 125, 146, 148, 163, 164-165, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 173, 178, 188, 189, 196, 202, 218, 219, 221, 222, 226, 227, 228, 236, 243, 249, 250, 251, 262, 271, 274, 275, 306

four heavenly/under Heaven, 54, 60, 61, 65, 66, 67, 126, 189, 192, 197, 204, 211, 221, 244, 266, 278

evil, 170, 171, 172

heavenly, 33, 37, 39, 43, 94, 163, 250 higher/superior, 13, 50, 53, 78, 109, 111, 125, 167, 218

inferior/lower, 36, 39, 43, 50, 77, 78, 104, 111, 169, 175, 218, 229, 243, 247, 249, 251, 286, 302, 303, 306 six, 7, 10, 49, 76-77, 121, 163, 164-165, 176, 188, 206, 217, 242, 243, 273, 312

Index

animals, 32, 33, 43, 93, 169, 172, 173, 229, 237, 249, 253, 254 asura(s), 32, 202, 207, 208 god(s), 204, 206, 251, 302 hell(s), 43, 169, 228, 229, 237, 251, 254, 273, 274-275, 276, 296 human, 32, 33, 43, 94, 186, 187-188, 189, 190, 193, 228, 232, 235, 236, 243, 248, 249, 302

hungry ghost(s), 32, 33, 43, 109, 169, 173, 204, 206, 218-219, 222, 229, 232, 236, 237, 243, 249, 251, 254, 305

See also three realms

rebirth(s), 9, 32, 74, 77, 78, 80, 84, 99, 163, 164, 169, 173, 188, 202, 207-208, 217, 222, 228, 229-230, 232, 236, 247, 253-254, 273, 298, 300, 302, 308, 312, 315

inferior, 78, 286, 303

six realms of, 10, 121, 163-165, 206, 217, 242, 273, 312

three/three realms of, 109, 170, 196 See also birth and death

Recorder Zhao, 241-242

Record of the Western Regions, 25, 28, 31, 56, 140, 213, 214, 263, 267, 270, 321 relic(s), 7, 177

Renwang jing, 26, 146

retribution(s), 7, 78, 112, 121, 165, 169, 172, 176, 177, 178, 179, 222, 223-226, 228, 229, 232, 237, 238, 239, 240, 247, 252, 253, 254, 289, 293, 295, 310, 311, 312

karmic, 10, 23, 24, 36, 99, 112, 120, 147, 166, 169, 220, 221, 235, 254, 262, 273, 276

river(s)/spring(s), 14, 34, 36, 43, 47, 49, 56, 57, 62, 119, 134, 135, 140-141, 142, 182, 192, 208, 228, 231, 233, 248, 251, 280, 305, 311, 318, 321 349

Index

river(s)/spring(s) (continued): Black Spring, 158 Bocha River, 56 Cakṣu River, 57 Cauldron Spring of Hell, 321 Earthly River, 134 Elephant's Mouth, 56 Ganges River, 4, 56, 57, 78, 136 Guitang Gorge, 135 Han River, 3

Heavenly River/Yemaluo, 134 Ho River, 136

Horse's Mouth, 56 Jiang River, 3, 136, 181, 182 Lion's Mouth, 56 Oxen Mouth, 56 Red Spring, 158 Sindhu River, 56, 57 Śīta River, 56, 57 Weilü Deeps, 135 White Spring, 158 Yangzi River, 135, 238 Yellow River, 57, 135, 240 Yellow Spring, 158 Zhejiang River, 181 Roshui, 187

Ruyi, 271

S

sacrifice(s), 7, 140, 153, 180, 223, 227, 267, 323

sage(s), 42, 124, 125, 126, 131, 132, 302 Donkey-lipped Sage/Kharoṣṭhī, 125-126, 131-132 emperor/king, 5, 31 heavenly, 131, 132, 133 Large-headed Sage, 213 Qieli, 132

Scorpion Sage, 128 See also Great Sage 350

Śākyamuni, 31, 51 See also Buddha Sanbao zhengying, 177 Sanfadu lun (jing), 291, 292, 293 sangha, 22, 300, 301 See also Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha Saṃgharakṣita. See Senghu Sanskrit, 75, 84, 165, 180, 190, 203, 206, 221, 249, 251, 274, 275, 300 Sanwu liji, 152 Saoshen, 177

Śāriputra, 52, 53, 175, 252, 253, 254-255, 295

scripture(s), xiv, 3, 4, 11, 17, 31, 50, 58, 70, 76, 77, 82, 84, 91, 103, 117, 120, 121, 132, 134, 146, 147, 148, 151, 152, 166, 167, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 189, 192, 193, 197, 203, 206, 207, 208, 209, 211, 212, 215, 218, 220, 230, 232, 235, 250, 252, 254, 259, 262, 275, 277, 278, 297, 302, 313, 315, 319 Buddhist, xiii, 3, 134, 180, 262 Mahayana, 50, 304 Perfection of Wisdom, 119 non-Buddhist/secular, 50, 153, 182, 239, 271

See also sutra(s); treatise(s) Scripture of Placing the Sun, the Moon, the Year, and the Time Units. See Zhi riyue nianshi jing self, 163, 168, 244 Senghan, 235-236 Senghu, 260

Senghu jing, 260 Sengqi lü, 27

Sengyou, 5

sense(s), 3, 102, 116, 117, 192, 208, 256, 258, 299

object(s), 3

organ(s), 33, 68, 116, 138, 174, 193, 305

seven jewels/precious materials, 22, 40, 41, 54, 55, 56, 59, 62, 99, 100, 138, 164, 186, 192, 193, 206, 207, 209, 233, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 298, 299, 317 See also jewel(s) sexual, 114, 115, 224, 260, 315 conduct, immoral/licentiousness, 78, 79, 172, 173

desire(s), 13, 22, 45, 51, 66, 67, 124, 168 See also desire(s); marriage Shang Chen, 187 Shangshu, 156

Shanjie jing, 78 Shansheng youposai jing, 219 Shefu luohan jing, 175 Shengji guixin, 177 Shenyi jing, 199, 200, 245 Shibiku valley, 181 Shi Chong, 246

Shidi lun, 229

Shieryou jing, 250 Shiguang, 176, 177-179 Shi guang zhan, 159, 160 Shiji. See Book of History Shiliuguo Chunqiu, "The Record of the Former Liang" chapter, 245 Shilun jing, 300 Shiming. See Lü Guang Shiming, 160

Shishe lun, 218, 276, 277 Shi wei:

Hanshenwu chapter, 200 Tuiducai chapter, 158 Shizi, 265

Shizu, 180

See also Lun women Shoulengyan jing, 235 shrine(s), 182, 217, 218, 226, 227, 242, 247, 268, 270

Shun. See You Yu Index

Shunzhengli lun, 32, 37, 42, 46, 51, 59, 65, 66, 67, 69, 82, 84, 92, 94, 100, 103, 111, 226

Shuowen, 160

Shuwang benji, 200 Siddhārtha, 4

See also Buddha Sifen lü, 149, 252 Sifenlü jieben, 78 śīla. See precept(s) sin(s), 23, 146, 163, 172, 173, 175, 186, 217, 218, 220, 237, 269, 279, 282, 283, 284, 285, 287, 288, 301-303, 305, 306, 313, 314, 315-316 fundamental, 301-302, 303 grave, 287, 300, 301-302, 303 five, 287, 300, 303, 304, 305 sinner(s), 9, 238, 273-276, 278-295, 297, 298, 303-305, 307-311, 314, 317 six perfections, 7 skandhas, 25, 116 Sogdiana. See Kangju Song, Duke of, 271 Song Dingbo, 245 Song gaoseng zhuan, xiii Song Jun, 158

Soshen zhuanji, 320 Sousheng ji, 185, 202, 244, 245 spell(s), 3, 42, 212, 214, 215 vajra, 214

spirit(s), 163, 176, 200, 202, 205, 217-218, 219, 223, 243-244, 245, 265-266, 268, 270

altar, 177, 178, 181, 235 See also ghost(s) spiritual, 78, 115, 132, 176, 211, 227, 323, 324

cultivation, 64, 66, 67, 69, 70, 71, 79, 81, 115, 182, 218, 236 Square Marsh, 153 351

Index

Śroṇakoṭikarṇa, 233 star(s), 25, 36, 46, 72, 99, 123-130, 132-136, 142, 157, 158, 161, 212, 245, 271 Milky Way, 135

Sheti, 152

See also lunar station(s); moon(s); star mansion(s); sun(s) star mansion(s), 131-132, 133, 134 eight larger, 131, 132 Chenxing (Mercury), 131 Heluohouxing, 131 moon, 131

Suixing (Jupiter), 46-47, 127, 131, 152 sun, 131

Taiboxing (Venus), 131 Yinghuoxing (Mars), 131 Zhenxing (Saturn), 131 smaller, 131, 132 See also lunar station(s); moon(s); star(s); sun(s)

stream-winner(s) (srota-āpanna), 74 stupa(s), 4, 7, 64, 137, 180, 262 suchness, 3

suffering, 7, 10, 39, 47, 49, 58, 113, 124, 163, 164, 167-171, 186, 190, 193-197, 203, 224, 237, 250, 255, 276, 280, 287, 299, 303, 306, 308, 312, 320 eight kinds of, 187 ten situations of, 190-191 Sui Renqian, 234, 239-243 Sujā, 76

Sujāṃpati, 76

See also god(s), Śakra/Śakra-devānām Indra

sun(s), 4, 7, 25, 26, 28, 34-35, 36, 41, 43, 44, 47, 50, 51, 54, 57, 61, 72, 92, 99, 112, 123-127, 131, 132, 135, 137-138, 139, 140-145, 149, 150, 153, 155-158, 159, 161, 177, 194, 203, 205, 209-210, 220, 245, 252, 273, 278, 292, 293, 298, 312, 322 352

deity/god, 126-127, 137, 138 palace(s), 34, 41, 123, 137-138, 139, 140, 144

seven, 34-37

See also moon(s); star(s); star mansion(s) Sun En, 247

Sun Feng, 316

Sun Hao, 177

supernatural, 7, 150, 262 being(s)/person, 11, 12, 15, 16, 119, 146, 150, 210, 211, 212, 315 powers, 13, 36, 44, 72, 110-112, 150, 151, 209, 224, 258 five, 166

sutra(s), 115, 207, 255, 317 See also scripture(s); treatise(s) Sutra of the Wise and the Ignorant. See Xianyu jing

Sutra on Contemplation, 182 T

Taiqiu, 185

Tang Ling, 324

Tang gaoseng zhuan, 182, 186 Tanhu, 178

Tanjian, 178

Tanluan, 176, 181-182 Tanshuang, 238

Tao Hongjing, 181 tathāgata(s), 52

See also buddha(s) Tathāgata, 28, 78, 112, 261 See also Buddha

thunder, 47, 123, 134, 146-147, 148, 159-160, 161, 193, 205, 217, 245, 286, 321

See also lightning teaching(s), 3-4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 19, 21, 22, 33, 58, 60, 65, 72, 74, 78, 118, 134, 149, 180, 181, 182, 186, 203, 208, 212, 218, 235, 239, 242, 243, 245,

255, 257, 259, 260, 261, 262, 271, 299, 301, 302, 305, 315, 319 correct/good/superior, 11, 13, 32, 34, 81, 127, 136, 176, 226, 260 decline of, 23, 176

evil/wrong, 19, 21, 34, 308 fivefold, 4

heterodox, 176, 226

holy, 9, 22, 28, 125 non-Buddhist, 146, 147, 163 profound, 4, 5, 254

See also Dharma

ten evil deeds, 13-14, 34, 229, 254 ten good deeds, 32, 45, 64, 65, 77, 235 Thousand Eyes (Sahāsrākṣa), 76 See also god(s), Śakra/Śakra-devānām Indra

Three Jewels/Three Refuges, xiv, 109, 175, 203, 215, 257, 262, 274, 302 See also Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha three poisons (greed, anger, and ignorance), 14, 16, 187, 197 three realms, 7, 10, 12, 49, 51-52, 73, 77, 89, 94, 121, 168, 169, 170, 171, 176, 182, 196, 197

desire, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 40, 50, 51, 52, 72, 74, 77, 78, 84, 87, 90, 91, 99, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, 125, 142, 163, 164, 170, 181, 210, 251, 275, 303 form, 25, 26, 33, 34, 39, 43, 50, 51, 52, 72, 77, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 99, 100, 102, 103, 110, 122, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 163, 164, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 221, 251 formless, 25, 51, 52, 72, 73, 77, 90, 94, 97, 98, 99, 117, 164, 167, 169, 170 See also realm(s)

Tibet, 313, 321

Tili, 76

See also god(s), Śakra/Śakra-devānām Indra

Index

treatise(s), 17, 69, 86, 89, 91, 118, 119, 167, 214, 275

See also scripture(s); sutra(s) tree(s), 14, 16, 18, 35, 56, 62, 63, 67, 68, 102, 105, 107, 114, 119, 136, 140, 146, 147, 157, 159, 168, 186, 187, 201, 206, 213, 225-226, 230, 233, 256-257, 261, 264, 267, 274, 280, 305, 314

Āmra, 61

"bent back," 62, 63

Huadu, 68

iron, 257, 261

jambu (rose apple)/Jambu, 55, 67-68, 140

Jialanfu, 65

Jinti (tiduka), 66

Jiuluozhenma, 256

Julishanpoluo, 68

mulberry, 136

palm, 234, 298

pārijātaka/Pārijātaka Kovidāra, 102, 206

pine, 187

Shanjin, 68

sword, 280-281, 286, 314 tāla, 206, 226

See also forest(s)

Tripiṭaka, 4, 182

truth(s), 3, 7, 19, 23, 50, 59, 74, 98, 109, 113, 174, 176, 177, 196, 243, 301, 304, 307, 313

See also Four Noble Truths Two Principles, Four Images, and Eight Trigrams, 153

See also yin and yang U

unfilial/unfiliality, 7, 20, 287 See also filial

353

Index

universal monarch(s), 22, 56, 57, 89, 188, 191, 192, 193, 221, 258, 260 See also cakravartin; king(s), cakravartin/wheel-turning V

vajra, 53, 59, 210, 256 samādhi, 59

spell, 214

Vajrapāṇi, 100, 214 Vāsava, 76

See also god(s), Śakra/Śakra-devānām Indra

view(s)/viewpoint, 11, 50, 78, 94, 105, 115, 136, 173, 189, 193, 206, 219, 220, 221, 222, 229, 275, 276, 277 correct, 32, 259 deluded/evil/mistaken/wrong, 7, 11, 14, 16, 19, 21, 59, 73, 163, 172, 187, 191, 193, 271, 307 heretical, 229

heterodox, 149, 170, 284, 287, 301, 304 Vinaya, 252

Viśākhā, 112

vow(s), 7, 57, 187, 203, 208, 210, 212, 214, 218, 236, 274, 299 W

Waiguo tu, 200, 201 Wanbi, 266

Wang Hu, 234, 236-238 Wang Man, 202

Wang Meng, 198

Wangsheng lun, 192 Wang Xuance, 137, 213-214, 321 Wangzi, 265

water of eight merits/qualities, 51, 63, 101 Way, the, 5, 7, 109, 150, 167, 176, 188, 191, 196, 212, 230, 236, 237, 243, 255, 274, 317, 320 See also Great Way 354

Wei Kun, 244

Wei Lang, 181

Weilue, 201

Weizhi, 199

Wenben, 240-244 Wendiyu jing, 296, 297, 298 Wenshi jing, 78 Wenxuan, 176, 234, 235-236 Western Capital, 134 Western Country of Big Women, 270 Western Region, 139, 141 See also India

Western Suburb, 153 White Feet, 237 wind(s), 10, 32, 34, 36, 37-38, 39, 40-41, 42, 43, 52, 53, 58, 94, 95, 96, 97, 141, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150-151, 158, 180, 192, 193, 194, 201, 217, 218, 225, 244, 245, 257, 267, 274, 278, 281, 287, 289, 291, 292, 294, 298, 304, 312, 317 Anapiluo, 40

baofeng ("violent wind"), 159 black, 34, 44, 142 five kinds of, 137, 138 adaptive turbulent, 137 dwelling, 137

future, 137

holding, 137

Poluohejia, 137 fenlun ("burning wheel"), 159 fuyao ("whirlwind"), 159 guleng ("valley wind"), 159 jingfeng ("auspicious wind"), 159 kaifeng ("happy wind"), 159 liangfeng ("cool wind"), 159 mai ("dust wind"), 159 piaofeng ("tornado")/turning wind, 159 taifeng ("great wind"), 159 Vilambā, 150

Wind of Grand Peace, 159

yi ("cloudy wind"), 159 See also windstorm; wind wheel(s) windstorm, 160, 281, 282 wind wheel(s), 37, 42 four, 40, 52-53

"holding," 40

"firmly holding," 40 "not falling," 40 "safely holding," 40 Narāyaṇa, 53

Qulai, 52

Ulubojia, 52

Vairambhaka, 52

Wheel of Cloud, 52 Zhanbojia, 52

Zhoubian, 53

wisdom, 39, 43, 52, 53, 74, 97, 98, 131, 173, 186, 187, 188, 203, 248, 310 perfect, 287, 312 women, 7, 12, 13, 15, 16, 20, 22, 32, 62, 63, 64, 83, 101, 109, 114, 115, 120, 132, 137, 176, 181, 199, 201, 215, 222, 246, 264, 267, 270, 271, 297, 313 See also female; gender; jade woman/women

world(s), 3, 4, 11, 14, 16, 18, 23, 24, 30, 32-34, 35, 36-37, 38, 41-42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 49, 50, 51, 52, 63, 85, 91, 94, 102, 103, 108, 109, 117, 121, 132, 133, 136, 138, 142, 144, 146, 149, 151, 152, 154, 168, 174, 183, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 210, 218, 219, 220, 221, 225, 238, 239, 244, 257, 274, 276, 277, 287, 290, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 300, 304, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 3131, 316, 322, 324 sahā, 9, 31, 51, 85, 132 world age(s), 4, 7, 9, 69, 73, 93-94, 95-98, 115, 125, 126, 136, 137, 138, 142, 146, 164, 176, 191, 205, 209, 219, Index

221, 256, 259, 260, 261, 262, 274, 287, 288, 295, 303, 304, 305 See also kalpa(s) world-system(s), 51, 52, 293 threefold thousand-, 34, 35, 36, 51, 52, 53, 54

worldly, 20, 30, 50, 74, 78, 79, 101, 109, 136, 145, 169, 178, 183, 239, 296, 308 Wu, Emperor, 136, 320 Wudaoku jing, 220, 230 Wudao zhangju jing, 220 Wuling, Prince, 240, 242 Wuxing zhuan, Hongfan, 199 Wuyue chunqiu, 198 Wu Zixu, 198

X

Xiading zhi, 265 Xiang, Prince, 200 Xiangchang, 200

Xianhu, 176, 180 Xianshou, 190, 191 Xianyu jing, 254 Xiaojing, 155

Xiao Ziliang. See Wenxuan Xiaozu, 235-236

Xiguo zhuan. See Record of the Western Regions

Xiguoxing zhuan, 137, 177 Xihe, 181

Xinlun, 157

Xiupiluo, 108

Xiyu zhuan, Weilue, 200 Xuanwu Gate, 244 Xuanyan, 177

Xuanyun. See Daoshi Xuanzang, 215, 267 Xumi xiangtu shan jing, 134 Xuzheng, 156

355