1.1. Monks’ Analysis: on the Laying-Down-Where (PLI-TV-PVR1.1)

Monks’ Pācittiya 58

Offence of Expiation for making use of a new robe without taking any one mode of disfigurement of the three modes of disfigurement … It was laid down in Sāvatthī Concerning several monks … Several monks did not recognize their own robes … One laying down. Of the six origins of offences he originates it by two origins (as in) Sheep’s Wool.

Monks’ Pācittiya 59

Offence of Expiation for making use of a robe that had not been taken away and that he himself had assigned to a monk or a nun or a female probationer or a novice or a female novice … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the venerable Upananda the Sakyan … The venerable Upananda the Sakyan made use of a robe that had not been taken away and that he himself had assigned to a monk … One laying down … He originates it by two origins (as in) Kaṭhina-cloth.

Monks’ Pācittiya 60

Offence of Expiation for hiding a monk’s bowl or robe or (piece of cloth) to sit on or needle-case or girdle … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning- the group of six monks … The group of six monks hid a bowl and a robe belonging to monks … One laying down … He originates it by three origins.

The Sixth Division: that on Fermented Liquor and Spirits

Division 7: on What Contains Living Things

Monks’ Pācittiya 61

Offence of Expiation for intentionally depriving a living thing of life … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the venerable Udāyi … The venerable Udāyi intentionally deprived a living thing of life … One laying down … He originates it by three origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 62

Offence of Expiation for making use of water knowing that it contains living things … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks made use of water knowing that it contained living things … One laying down … He originates it by three origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 63

Offence of Expiation for opening up for a further (formal) act a legal question knowing that it had been settled according to rule … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks opened up for a further (formal) act a legal question knowing that it had been settled according to rule … One laying down … He originates it by three origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 64

Offence of Expiation for concealing a monk’s offence knowing it to be a very bad one … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning a certain monk … A certain monk concealed a monk’s offence knowing it to be a very bad one … One laying down … He originates it by one origin: he originates it by body and by speech and by mind.

Monks’ Pācittiya 65

Offence of Expiation for ordaining a man knowing him to be less than twenty years of age … It was laid down in Rājagaha … Concerning several monks … Several monks ordained a man knowing him to be less than twenty years of age. One laying down … He originates it by three origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 66

Offence of Expiation for going along the same highway having arranged together with a caravan knowing it to be set on theft. It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning a certain monk … A certain monk went along the same highway having arranged together with a caravan knowing it to be set on theft … One laying down … He originates it by two origins: it may be that he originates it by body and by mind, not by speech; it may be that he originates it by body and by speech and by mind.

Monks’ Pācittiya 67

Offence of Expiation for going along the same highway having arranged together with a woman. It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning a certain monk … A certain monk went along the same highway having arranged together with a woman … One laying down … He originates it by four origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 68

Offence of Expiation for not giving up a pernicious view though being admonished up to three times … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the monk Ariṭṭha who had formerly been a vulture-trainer … The monk Ariṭṭha who had formerly been a vulture-trainer did not give up a pernicious view though being admonished up to three times … One laying down. He originates it by one origin: he originates it by body and by speech and by mind. Together with a monk knowing him to be one who talks thus, has not acted according to the rule, and has not given up that view … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks ate together with the monk Ariṭṭha knowing him to be one who talked thus, had not acted according to the rule, and had not given up that view … One laying down … He originates it by three origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 69

Offence of Expiation for encouraging a novice knowing him to be thus expelled … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks encouraged the novice Kaṇḍaka knowing him to have been thus expelled … One laying down … He originates it by three origins.

The Seventh Division: on What Contains Living Things

Division 8: on Regarding a Rule

Monks’ Pācittiya 71

Offence of Expiation for saying, when one is being spoken to by monks regarding a rule, “I will not train myself in this rule of training, your reverences, till I have inquired about it from another monk, experienced, expert in Discipline” … It was laid down in Kosambī … Concerning the venerable Channa … The venerable Channa, on being spoken to by monks, said, “ … till I have inquired about it … ” … One laying down … He originates it by three origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 72

Offence of Expiation in disparaging Discipline … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks disparaged Discipline … One laying down … He originates it by three origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 73

Offence of Expiation for putting (a monk) in confusion … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks confused … One laying down … He originates it by three origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 74

Offence of Expiation for giving a blow to monk when one is angry and displeased … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks, angry, displeased, gave a blow to monks … One laying down … He originates it by one origin: he originates it by body and mind, not by speech.

Monks’ Pācittiya 75

Offence of Expiation for raising the palm of one’s hand against a monk when one is angry and displeased … see Prv.1.1:Bu-Pc.74; instead of gave a blow read raised the palm of the hand …

Monks’ Pācittiya 76

Offence of Expiation for defaming a monk with an unfounded charge of an offence requiring a Formal Meeting of the Order … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks defamed a monk with an unfounded charge of an offence requiring a Formal Meeting of the Order … One laying down … He originates it by three origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 77

Offence of Expiation for intentionally arousing remorse in a monk … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks intentionally aroused remorse in monks … One laying down … He originates it by three origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 78

Offence of Expiation for standing overhearing monks when they are quarrelling, disputing, engaged in contention … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks stood overhearing monks when they were quarrelling, disputing, engaged in contention … One laying down. … He originates it by two origins; it may be that he originates it by body and by mind, not by speech; it may be that he originates it by body and by speech and by mind.

Monks’ Pācittiya 79

Offence of Expiation for engaging in criticism after having given consent for legitimate (formal) acts … It was laid down m Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group six monks, having given consent for legitimate (formal) acts, afterwards engaged in criticism … One laying down … He originates it by three origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 80

Offence of Expiation for rising up from one’s seat and departing when the Order is engaged in decisive talk without giving one’s consent … It was laid down in Sāvatthī Concerning a certain monk … A certain monk, rising up from his seat, departed when the Order was engaged in decisive talk without giving his consent … One laying down … He originates it by one origin … He originates it by body and by speech and by mind.

Monks’ Pācittiya 81

Offence of Expiation for engaging in criticism after having given away a robe by means of a complete Order … It was laid down in Rājagaha … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks, having given away a robe by means of a complete Order, afterwards engaged in criticism … One laying down … He originates it by three origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 82

Offence of Expiation for apportioning to an individual a benefit belonging to the Order knowing that it has been apportioned … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks apportioned to an individual a benefit belonging to the Order knowing that it had been apportioned … One laying down … He originates it by three origins.

The Eighth Division: that on Regarding a Rule

Division 9: on a King

Monks’ Pācittiya 83

Offence of Expiation for entering, without announcing beforehand, the king’s women’s quarters … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the venerable Ānanda … The venerable Ānanda, not announced beforehand, entered the king’s women’s quarters … One laying down … He originates it by two origins (as) in Kaṭhina-cloth.

Monks’ Pācittiya 84

Offence of Expiation for picking up treasure … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning a certain monk … A certain monk picked up treasure … One laying down, two supplementary layings down … He originates it by the six origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 85

Offence of Expiation for entering a village at the wrong time without asking (for permission) if a monk be there … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks entered a village at the wrong time … One laying down, three supplementary layings down … He originates it by two origins (as) in Kaṭhina-cloth.

Monks’ Pācittiya 86

Offence of Expiation for having a needle-case made that consists of bone or ivory or horn … It was laid down among the Sakyans … Concerning several monks … Several monks, not knowing moderation, asked for many needle-cases … One laying down … He originates it by the six origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 87

Offence of Expiation for having a couch or chair made exceeding the (proper) measure … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the venerable Upananda the Sakyan … The venerable Upananda the Sakyan lay down on a high couch … One laying down … He originates it by the six origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 88

Offence of Expiation for having a couch or a chair made covered with cotton … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks had a couch and a chair made covered with cotton … One laying down … He originates it by the six origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 89

Offence of Expiation for having a piece of cloth to sit upon made exceeding the (proper) measure. It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks used pieces of cloth to sit upon that were not of the (proper) measure … One laying down, one supplementary laying down … He originates it by the six origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 90

Offence of Expiation for having an itch-cloth made exceeding the (proper) measure … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks used itch-cloths that were not of the (proper) measure … One laying down … He originates it by the six origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 91

Offence of Expiation for having a cloth for the rains made exceeding the (proper) measure … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks used cloths for the rains that were not of the (proper) measure … One laying down … He originates it by the six origins.

Monks’ Pācittiya 92

Offence of Expiation for having a robe made the measure of a Well-farer’s robe … It was laid down in Sāvatthī Concerning the venerable Nanda … The venerable Nanda wore a robe the measure of the Well-farer’s robe … One laying down … He originates it by the six origins.

The Ninth Division: that on a King

Concluded are the ninety-two offences of Expiation.

Its Summary

Lying, insulting speech, slander, by line, sleeping-place, and women,
Except a learned man (be present), facts, a very bad offence, digging, /
Vegetable-growth, in evasion, he looked down on, a couch, and it is called a sleeping-place,
First, throwing out, removable (feet), a door, and with living things, /
Not agreed on, after (sun-)set, quarters, and for gain,
Should he give, should he sew, by arrangement, a boat, should eat, together, /
Meal, group(-meal), out-of-turn (meal), a cake, being satisfied,
(asking) one who is satisfied, Wrong time, stored, milk, for cleansing the teeth—these ten. /
Unclothed ascetic, intruding on, secluded, and in a private place,
Invited, on requisites, army, staying, sham-fight, /
Fermented liquor, the finger, and playing, and disrespect, frightening,
Fire, on bathing, on disfigurement, himself, and about not hiding, /
Intentionally, water, and (formal) act, very bad offence, less than twenty,
(Set) on theft, a woman, not taught, be in communion, on one who has been expelled, /
Regarding a rule, perplexity, confusion, on a blow, should he raise,
And unfounded, intentionally, “I will hear,” criticism, should he depart,
Having given a robe through an Order, should apportion to individuals, /
And of kings, treasure, if one be (present), needle(-case), and couch, cotton,
Cloth to sit on, itch-cloth and so on, for the rains, and on the Well-farer. /

The summary of these Divisions:

Lying, and vegetable-growth, exhortation, a meal, and about an unclothed ascetic,
Fermented liquor, containing living things, a rule, with the Division on a king—these nine. /

Pātidesanīya

Monks’ Pātidesanīya 1

“Where was that offence to be Confessed laid down by that Lord who knows, who sees, perfected one, fully Self-Awakened One for eating solid food or soft food, having accepted it with one’s own hand from the hand of a nun who is not a relation (and) has entered among the houses?” It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning a certain monk … A certain monk accepted a benefit from the hand of a nun who was not a relation (and) had entered among the houses … One laying down … He originates it by two origins: it may be that he originates it by body, not by speech, not by mind; it may be that he originates it by body and by mind, not by speech.

Monks’ Pātidesanīya 2

Offence to be Confessed for eating without restraining a nun who is giving directions … It was laid down in Rājagaha … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks did not restrain nuns who were giving directions … One laying down … He originates it by two origins: it may be that he originates it by body and by speech, not by mind; it may be that he originates it by body and by speech and by mind.

Monks’ Pātidesanīya 3

Offence to be Confessed for eating solid food or soft food among families agreed upon as learners, having accepted it with his own hand … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning several monks … Several monks, not knowing moderation, accepted … One laying down, two supplementary layings down … He originates it by two origins: it may be that he originates it by body, not by speech, not by mind; it may be that he originates it by body and by mind, not by speech.

Monks’ Pātidesanīya 4

Offence to be Confessed for eating solid food or soft food m forest lodgings, not announced beforehand, having accepted it with his own hand within a monastery … It was laid down among the Sakyans … Concerning several monks … Several monks did not announce that thieves were living in a monastery … One laying down, one supplementary laying down … He originates it by two origins: it may be that he originates it by body and by speech, not by mind; it may be that he originates it by body and by speech and by mind.

Concluded are the four offences to be Confessed.

Its summary:

Not a relation, giving directions, learners, and about the forest—
The four to be Confessed were proclaimed by the perfect Buddha

Sekhiya

Division 1: on All Round

Monks’ Sekhiya 1

Where was that offence of Wrong-doing laid down by that Lord who knows, who sees, perfected one, Fully Self-Awakened One for dressing, out of disrespect, with the inner robe hanging down in front or behind?” It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks dressed with the inner robe hanging down in front and behind … One laying down … He originates it by one origin; he originates it by body and by mind, not by speech.

Monks’ Sekhiya 2

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, putting on the upper robe hanging down in front or behind … see Prv.1.1:Bu-Sk.1; instead of inner robe read upper robe.

Monks’ Sekhiya 3, 4

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, going amid the houses having uncovered the body. as before.

Monks’ Sekhiya 4, 5

Offence of Wrong-doing for … sitting down amid the houses having uncovered the body …

Monks’ Sekhiya 5, 6

Offence of Wrong-doing for … going (sitting down) amid the houses making play with hand or foot …

Monks’ Sekhiya 7, 8

Offence of Wrong-doing for … going (sitting down) amid the houses looking about here and there …

Monks’ Sekhiya 9, 10

Offence of Wrong-doing for going (sitting down) amid the houses with (the robes) lifted up out of disrespect …

The First Division: that on All Round

Division 2: on Loud Laughter

Monks’ Sekhiya 11, 12

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, going (sitting down) amid the houses with loud laughter. It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks went (sat down) amid the houses laughing a great laugh … One laying down … He originates it by one origin: he originates it by body and by speech and by mind.

Monks’ Sekhiya 13, 14

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, going (sitting down) amid the houses making a loud noise, a great noise The group of six monks went (sat down) amid the houses making a loud noise, a great noise … see Prv.1.1:Bu-Sk.11.

Monks’ Sekhiya 15, 16

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, going (sitting down) amid the houses swaying the body … He originates it by one origin: he originates it by body and by mind, not by speech.

Monks’ Sekhiya 17, 18

… swaying the arms … see Prv.1.1:Bu-Sk.15.

Monks’ Sekhiya 19, 20

… swaying the head … see Prv.1.1:Bu-Sk.15.

The Second Division: that on Loud Laughter

Division 3: on Arms Akimbo

Monks’ Sekhiya 21, 22

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, going (sitting down) amid the houses with the arms akimbo …

Monks’ Sekhiya 23, 24

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, going (sitting down) amid the houses muffled up … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks, having dressed themselves including their heads in the upper robes, went (sat down) amid the houses …

Monks’ Sekhiya 25

Offence of Wrong-doing for … going amid the houses crouching down on the heels …

Monks’ Sekhiya 26

Offence of Wrong-doing for … sitting down amid the houses lolling …

Monks’ Sekhiya 27

Offence of Wrong-doing for … accepting almsfood inattentively …

Monks’ Sekhiya 28

Offence of Wrong-doing for … accepting almsfood while looking about here and there …

Monks’ Sekhiya 29

Offence of Wrong-doing for … accepting much curry only …

Monks’ Sekhiya 30

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, accepting heaped-up almsfood …

The Third Division: that on Arms Akimbo

Division 4: on Almsfood

Monks’ Sekhiya 31

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, eating almsfood inattentively … while looking about here and there … having chosen here and there …

Monks’ Sekhiya 34

Offence of Wrong-doing for … eating much curry only …

Monks’ Sekhiya 35

Offence of Wrong-doing for … eating almsfood having chosen from the top …

Monks’ Sekhiya 36

Offence of Wrong-doing for … covering up the curry or the condiment with conjey …

Monks’ Sekhiya 37

Offence of Wrong-doing for … eating curry or conjey having asked for it for oneself if one is not ill … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks ate curry and conjey having asked for it for themselves … One laying down, one supplementary laying down … He originates it by two origins: it may be that he originates it by body and by mind, not by speech; it may be that he originates it by body and by speech and by mind.

Monks’ Sekhiya 38

Offence of Wrong-doing for … looking at the bowls of others captious-mindedly … One laying down … He originates it by one origin: he originates it by body and by mind, not by speech.

Monks’ Sekhiya 39

Offence of Wrong-doing for … making up a large mouthful …

Monks’ Sekhiya 40

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, making up a long morsel (of food) …

The Fourth Division: that on Almsfood

Division 5: on Mouthful

Monks’ Sekhiya 41

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, opening the mouth when the mouthful had not been brought close …

Monks’ Sekhiya 42

Offence of Wrong-doing for … putting the whole hand into the mouth while one is eating …

Monks’ Sekhiya 43

Offence of Wrong-doing for … talking with a mouthful in the mouth … It was laid down in Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks talked with a mouthful in the mouth … One laying down … He originates it by one origin: he originates it by body and by speech and by mind.

Monks’ Sekhiya 44

Offence of Wrong-doing for … eating while tossing up balls (of food) … while breaking up the mouthfuls … stuffing the cheeks … shaking the hands about … scattering lumps of boiled rice … putting out the tongue … smacking the lips … One laying down … He originates it by one origin: he originates it by body and by mind, not by voice.

The Fifth Division: that on Mouthful

Division 6: on Hissing

Monks’ Sekhiya 51

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, eating while making a hissing sound … It was laid down in Kosambī … Concerning several monks … Several monks drank milk making a hissing sound … One laying down … He originates it by one origin …

Monks’ Sekhiya 52

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, eating while licking the fingers … licking the bowl … licking the lips … One laying down … He originates it by one origin …

Monks’ Sekhiya 55

Offence of Wrong-doing for … accepting a drinking cup with the hands (soiled) with food … It was laid down among the Bhaggā … Concerning several monks … Several monks accepted a drinking cup with hands (soiled) with food … One laying down … He originates it by one origin …

Monks’ Sekhiya 56

Offence of Wrong-doing for … throwing out amid the houses the rinsings of the bowl with lumps of boiled rice … It was laid down among the Bhaggā … Concerning several monks … Several monks threw out amid the houses the rinsings of the bowls with lumps of boiled rice … One laying down … He originates it by one origin …

Monks’ Sekhiya 57

Offence of Wrong-doing for … teaching Dhamma to (someone) with a sunshade in his hand … It was laid down at Sāvatthī … Concerning the group of six monks … The group of six monks taught Dhamma to (someone) with a sunshade in his hand … One laying down, one supplementary laying down. He originates it by one origin: he originates it by speech and by mind, not by body.

Monks’ Sekhiya 58

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, teaching Dhamma to (someone) with a staff in his hand … a knife in his hand … a weapon in his hand … One laying down, one supplementary laying down … He originates it by one origin: he originates it by speech and by mind, not by body.

The Sixth Division: that on Hissing

Division 7: on Shoes

Monks’ Sekhiya 61–67

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, teaching Dhamma to (someone) who is wearing shoes … wearing sandals … who is in a vehicle … on a bed … who is sitting down lolling … who has a turban on his head … whose head is muffled up … One laying down, one supplementary laying down … as before

Monks’ Sekhiya 68–72

Offence of Wrong-doing for … teaching Dhamma when one is sitting on the ground to (someone) who is sitting on a seat … when one is sitting on a low seat to (someone) who is sitting on a high seat … when one is standing to (someone) who is sitting … when one is walking behind to (someone) who is walking in front … when one is walking at the side of a path to someone walking along the path … One laying down, one supplementary laying down. Of the six origins of offences he originates it by one origin: he originates it by body and by speech and by mind.

Monks’ Sekhiya 73

Offence of Wrong-doing for … easing oneself while one is standing … One laying down, one supplementary laying down. Of the six origins of offences he originates it by one origin: he originates it by body and by mind, not by speech.

Monks’ Sekhiya 74

Offence of Wrong-doing for … easing oneself or spitting on green corn …

Monks’ Sekhiya 75

Offence of Wrong-doing for, out of disrespect, easing oneself spitting in water. “Where was it laid down?” It was laid down in Sāvatthī. “Concerning whom?” Concerning the group of six monks. “On what subject?” On the subject of the group of six monks relieving themselves and spitting in water. One laying down, one supplementary laying down. Of the six origins of offences he originates it by one origin: he originates it by body and by mind, not by speech.

The Seventh Division: that on Shoes

Concluded are the seventy-five Rules for Training.

Concluded is the Chapter on the Laying-Down-Where in the Great Analysis

Its summary:

All round, (properly) clad, well-controlled, with the eyes cast down,
Lifting up (the robes), loud laughter, a noise, and three on swaying, /
Akimbo, muffled up, crouching down, and lolling,
Attentively, and thinking of the bowl, equal curry, at an even level, /
Attentively, and thinking of the bowl, on continuous almstour, equal curry,
From the top, covering up, asking, captious-mindedly, /
Not large, a round, door (of the face), whole hand, one should not talk,
Tossing up, breaking up, stuffing (the cheeks), shaking, scattering lumps of boiled rice, /
Likewise putting out the tongue, smacking the lips, hissing,
Fingers, and bowl, lips, (soiled) with food, and with lumps of boiled rice, /
Tathāgatas do not teach Dhamma to one with a sunshade in his hand,
Neither to one with a staff in his hand, to those with a knife, a weapon in their hands, /
Shoes, likewise sandals, and to one in a vehicle, on a bed,
To one sitting down lolling, to one with a turban on, and to one muffled up, /
On the ground, on a low seat, while standing, walking behind, and at the side of a path,
It should not be done by one while he is standing, nor on green corn, or in water. /

The summary of these Divisions:

All round, loud laughter, akimbo, and likewise alms(food),
Mouthful, and hissing, and with shoes on is the seventh.

The Book of the Discipline was translated by I.B. Horner.

Digital edition prepared for SuttaCentral by Bhikkhu Sujato

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Published in 2014 by SuttaCentral.

Originally published by the Pali Text Society in the following years:

Vol. 1: 1938

Vol. 2: 1940

Vol. 3: 1942

Vol. 4: 1951

Vol. 5: 1950

Vol. 6: 1966

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