The Discourse to Prince Candraprabha

Bibliography

Glossary

three kinds of awareness: Also translated as "three kinds of wisdom," the three types of supernormal cognition among the six supernormal powers: (1) the power of divine vision, with which one can observe the full course of sentient beings' passage through the six destinies; (2) the power of the knowledge of previous lifetimes, whereby one knows the events of countless kalpas (eons) of previous lifetimes experienced by oneself, as well as those of all beings in the six destinies; and (3) the power of the extinction of contamination, whereby one completely extinguishes all the afflictions of the three realms and is no longer subject to rebirth in the three realms. three realms: The realms of existence into which living beings transmigrate: (1) the realm of desire (kāmadhātu), which consists of the realms of hell, hungry ghosts, animals, human beings, and the six lower heavens; (2) the realm of form (rūpadhūtu) of the heavens; and (3) the formless realm (ārūpyadhātu) of the heavens. twelve sense fields: The six sense organs and their six objects. In Abhidharma and Yogācāra theory, the factors of cognitive experience are divided according to an arrangement that counts each of the five sense organs and their associated objects as one field, making ten; to this the mind field and the dharma field are added, totaling twelve.

yakṣa: Demons who live on earth, in the air, or in the lower heavens that are malignant and violent devourers of human flesh; one of the eight kinds of spiritual beings that protect the Dharma.

358

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Cüppers, Christoph. The IXtth Chapter of the Samādhirājasūtra, A Text-critical Contribution to the Study of Mahāyāna Sūtras. Alt- und Neu-Indische Studien 41. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1990.

Burnouf, Eugene. Le Lotus de la bonne loi, traduit du sanscrit, accompagné d'un commentaire et de vingt et un mémoires relatifs au buddhisme. Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1852.

Das, Rai Carat Chandra, and Pandit Harimohan Vidyābhūshan, eds. Samādhirājasūtram. Calcutta: Buddhist Text Society, 1896. Reprinted 1940.

Dutt, Nalinaksha, ed. Gilgit Manuscripts, Vol. II, 3 Parts, Sarva-dharma-svabhāvasamatā-vipañcita-Samādhirājasūtram. Srinagar-Kashmir: The Calcutta Oriental Press, 1941, 1953, 1954. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1984, second ed. —. Pañcaviṃśati-sāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā. London: Luzac & Co., 1934. Hayashi, Taiun. Gattō Zanmai kyō, in Kokuyaku Issaikyō, Kyōshū-bu I, pp. 1-211. Tokyo: Daitō shuppansha, 1930; revised ed., 1973.

Gomez, Luis O., and Jonathan Silk, eds. Studies in the Literature of the Great Vehicle: Three Mahāyāna Buddhist Texts. Part I: The Sūtra of the King of Samādhis: Chapters I-IV, pp. 1-88. Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan, 1989. Kern, Hendrik, and Bunyiu Nanjio, eds., Saddharmapuṇḍarīka. St. Petersbourg: L'Academie Imperiale des Sciences, 1908-1912. Kudo, Noriyuki, Takanori Fukita, and Hironori Tanaka, eds. Samādhirājasūtra. Gilgit Manuscripts in the National Archives of India, Facsimile Edition Volume II.3. New Delhi: National Archives of India, 2018.

Matsunami, Seiren. Bonbun Gattōzanmaikyō, Taishō daigaku kenkyū kiyō 60 (1975): 44-188; Taishō daigaku kenkyū kiyō 61 (1975): 796-761.

Murakami, Shinkan (formerly Hirano Shinkan). "A Study on the Creation of the Mahayana Scriptures (Sūtrantabhinirhāra)," Buddhist Studies in Honour of Prof. Shingen Takagi On the Occasion of His Seventieth Birthday, pp. 17-61. Mt. Koya: Koyasan University, December 2000.

—. Daijō-kyōten no sōsaku ("Creation of the Mahayana Scriptures"), Ronshu: Studies in Religion East and West 25 (December 1998): 1-20.

—. Daijō ni okeru zaike to shukke no mondai―daijōbukkyō seiritsuron ni kanren shite ("Laity and Monkhood in the Mahayana Sutras—With Reference to Some Theories 359

Index

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of the Origin of Mahayana Buddhism"), Journal of the History of Buddhism 15/1 (May 1971): 1-18.

—. Gattō zanmai kyō ni okeru Buddha-kan ("The Concept of Buddha in the Samādhirājasūtra"), Journal of the Nippon Buddhist Research Association 31 (March 1966): 105-120.

—. Gattō zanmai kyō ni okeru kai no mondai ("Śīla in the Samādhirāja-sūtra)," Journal of the Nippon Buddhist Research Association 32 (March 1967): 47-65. —. Gattō zanmai kyō to Muryōjukyō ("The Samādhirāja-sūtra and the Larger Sukhāvatīvyūha)," Jo zen geppō 19 (January 1972): 2-6. —. "Kūshisō no ichikōsatu―sikisokuzekū saikō ("What Means Emptiness (śūnyatā) and How to understand 'rūpaṃ śūnyatā'?"), in Okuda Shōō sensei shōju kinen Indogaku Bukkyōgaku ronshū (Indian and Buddhist Studies in Honor of Dr. Okuda Shōō (Kiyoaki) in Recognition of His Lifelong Scholarship), pp. 650-664. Tokyo: Kōsei Shuppansha, 2014.

—. Praśāntaviniścayaprātihāryasūtra ni tsuite ("On the Praśāntaviniścayaprātihārya-sūtra"), Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies 15/2 (March 1970): 426-430. —. Pūrvayoga (kako no innen)―daijō-kyōten no kako-monogaytari ni kanren shite ("The Pūrvayoga [Correlated Story of the Past] in Connection with the Past Stories of Mahayana Scriptures"), Journal of Esoteric Buddhism 95 (March 1971): 32-60. —. Rāṣṭrapālaparipṛcchā no go-i ("Vocabulary of the Rāṣṭrapāla-paripṛcchā"), Hachinohe kōgyō kōtō senmon gakkō kiyō 3 (December 1968): 61-83. —. Samādhirājasūtra 1, 17, 38-39 ("A Study of the Samādhirāja-sūtra, Parallel Parts in Chapters 1, 17, 38-39"), Hachinohe kōgyō kōtō senmon gakkō kiyō 1 (December 1966): 65-80.

—. Samādhirājasūtra 1, 17, 38-39 shō ("Chapters 1, 17, 38-39 of the Samādhirājasūtra"), Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies 15/2 (March 1967): 234- 240. —. Samādhirājasūtra no go-i kenkyū ("A Study of Vocabulary in the Samādhirājasūtra"), Hachinohe Kōgyō Kōtō Senmon Gakkō Kiyō 2 (December 1967): 72-109. —. Samādhirājasūtra no hombun-hattatsu ni tsuite ("An Analysis of the Enlargement of the Samādhirājasūtra"), Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies 14/2 (March 1966): 199-204.

—. Samādhirājasūtra no seiritsu ni tsuite ("On the Formation of the Samādhirājasūtra"), Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies 16/2 (March 1968): 359-362. Regamey, Konstanty (Constantin). Philosophy in the Samādhirājasūtra. Foreword by Jacques May. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1990. Rreprint of Three Chapters from the Samādhirājasūtra (Warsaw: The Warsaw Society of Sciences and Letters, 1938). Tamura, Chijun, and Ichigo Masamichi. Sanmaiōkyō, 2 vols. Tokyo: Chūōkōron-sha, 1975. Japanese translation of the Samādhirāja-sūtra.

Vaidya, P. L., ed. Samādhirājasūtra. Buddhist Sanskrit Texts No. 2. Darbhanga: The Mithila Institute of Post-Graduate Studies and Research in Sanskrit Learning, 1961. 360

Index

A

Abhāvasamudgata, xxviii, 53-54 acceptance, xxviii, xxx, 9, 11, 32, 50, 51, 55, 64, 84, 119, 122

of the Buddha's/teacher's voice, 19, 49, 125, 140

compliant/conformable state of, 15, 19, 44-45, 68, 122, 125, 126 of Dharma, xxvii, xxviii, 9, 36, 55, 119 of the nonarising/nonorigination/nonself of dharmas, xxviii, xxxix, 19, 22, 49, 195, 235, 299, 326 three kinds, xxviii, 47-50 Acintyapraṇidhānaviśeṣasamudgatarāja, xliii, 254

adamantine phrases, 156

See also esoteric expression/language affliction(s), 92, 100, 181, 184, 186-188, 190, 192, 194, 195, 215, 228, 229, 233, 235, 240, 271, 276, 278, 281, 291, 295, 309, 317

Āgama(s), xlvii, 347

See also canon/canonical: traditional age(s), degenerate/dreadful/evil, xxvi, xxix, xxx, xxxiii, xl, xli, xliv, xlv, xlviii, 23, 28-29, 41, 81, 82, 103, 105, 107, 133-135, 143, 144, 173, 174, 176, 205, 212, 217, 218, 230, 231, 242, 243, 254, 262, 265, 266, 289 aggregate(s), xxiv, xxx, xli, xlv, 6, 118, 219, 221, 284, 285, 325, 335, 354 five, xx, xxiii, xxiv, xxxvii, 6, 7, 62, 85, 87, 117, 144, 172, 215, 222, 255, 303, 308, 325, 328, 331, 354, 357 Ailavila, 71

Ajita, 3, 66, 348

See also Maitreya

Akṣobhya, 81, 98, 262

Alakavatī, 73

alms/almsgiving, xxxix, 10, 13, 16, 26, 29, 37, 38, 127, 142, 175, 176, 180, 182, 189, 196, 197, 207, 211, 213, 253, 256, 257, 262, 266, 267, 270, 272, 276, 277, 285, 289, 290, 326, 332, 336, 341, 342

See also food (and drink) almsbowl(s), 45, 63, 66, 105, 197, 210, 268, 301

almsround(s), 27, 114, 119, 128, 197 Amitābha/Amitāyus, xxv, xxix, xxxix, xl, xlvii, xlviii, 23, 81, 136, 195, 211, 241

Amoghadarśin, 66

Ānanda, xxv, xliv, xlvii, 22, 263-265, 267, 268, 348

Anantaghoṣa, 112

Anantajñānottara, 129

Anantanetra, 113

Anavatapta, 72

anger, xxviii, 5, 7, 31, 49, 50, 55, 62, 134, 216, 226, 234, 262, 278, 298, 330, 357

361

Index

anger (continued):

eliminating/appeasing/refraining/ removing, 17, 31, 117, 123, 235, 239

See also attachment/greed, anger/ hatred, and delusion; hatred animal(s)/beast(s)/creature(s), xxiv, xxxiv, xlvi, 68, 96, 99, 104, 138, 209, 265, 287, 308, 311, 313 bee(s), 201

bull(s)/cows, 31, 58, 68, 96, 106, 119, 123, 207, 277, 278

deer, 64, 302

elephant(s), xlv, 59, 63, 68, 96, 206, 207, 235, 247, 277, 284 horse(s)/mares, xlv, 59, 68, 96, 106, 206, 207, 235, 277, 284 jackal(s), 76, 93, 104, 311 lion(s), 4, 17, 58, 68, 93, 99, 104, 123, 134, 207, 215, 230, 238, 250, 268, 304, 311, 342

rhinoceros(es), xxxiv, 139, 143, 179, 180, 311, 139, 143

serpents/snake, 3, 29, 57, 72, 211, 224, 277

sheep, 96, 207, 277

See also birds/fowl

annihilationism/nihilism, xxxv, 60, 144, 145, 329

An Shigao, xv, 351n45, 351-352n48 Apalāla, 72

Apramāṇaghoṣa, 112

apsaras. See goddess(es) arhat(s), 40, 56, 113, 134, 254, 307 arrogance, 139, 174, 197, 206, 211, 213, 234, 262, 333

Ārya-candrapradīpa-sūtra, xiii Ārya-daśabhūmika, xvii Ārya-gaṇḍavyūha, xvii [Ārya-]prajñāpāramitā, xvii Ārya-samādhirāja-bhaṭṭāraka, xiii Ārya-samādhirāja[-sūtra], xiii 362

ascetic(s), 80, 333

life, xxiii, xxxiii, xxxix, 10, 22, 23, 26, 32, 56, 114, 119, 127, 128, 133, 196, 197, 201,

aspiration(s), xxi, 8, 170, 242, 329, 347 for enlightenment, xxxiv, xxxix, xlvii, 27, 45, 67, 68, 70, 71, 79, 80, 127, 135, 140, 142, 144, 145, 170, 176, 183, 204, 205, 235, 236, 240, 249, 280, 284, 321, 323, 329, 347 for omniscience, xxxviii, 181 asura(s), xlviii, 3, 23, 66, 69, 71, 73, 81, 94, 95, 99, 109, 149, 214, 246, 247, 274, 296, 348

Āṭavika, 73

attachment(s), xxviii, xxxi, 18, 19, 37, 55, 56, 63, 79, 83, 88, 92, 93, 104, 105, 117, 127, 139, 140, 145, 172, 180, 188, 192, 194, 215, 216, 219, 222, 223, 226, 234, 239, 241, 251, 256, 271, 276, 278, 281, 283, 287, 290, 293, 306, 313, 316, 318, 328, 333, 335, 336

to the body, xxxv, xlii, 147, 258, 259 knowledge of, four kinds of, 166-167 self-/to self, xli, 219, 266, 300, 334 to views, 202, 303, 339 See also nonattachment attachment/greed, anger/hatred, and delusion, xxviii, xxx, 55, 68, 87, 91, 95, 99, 150, 240, 321, 323, 328, 341, 346 Avalokiteśvara, 66, 98 avarice, 10, 23, 211

See also greed/greediness B

Balin, 71

bandits, 61-62

Bhagavat, xvii, xix, xxvi-xxxv, xxxviixlviii, 3, 5, 21, 25-27, 29, 31, 32, 35, 40, 65, 213

See also Buddha

bhikṣu(s), xxi, 3, 58, 105, 107-109, 126-128, 133-135, 249, 250, 254-261, 348 See also monk(s)

bhikṣuṇī(s). See nuns Bhīṣmabala, 112

Bhīṣmaghoṣa, 113

Bhīṣmamati, 112

Bhīṣmānana, 112

Bhīṣmārci, 112

Bhīṣmasamudgata, 112 Bhīṣmottara, xxv, 21, 112 Bhūtamati, xliii, 255, 260 bird(s)/fowl, 68, 73, 94, 96, 99, 100, 106, 133, 143, 201, 210, 223, 293, 308, 312

cranes, 96, 201

cuckoo(s), 68, 94, 96, 99, 100, 201 curlews, 240

geese, 96, 99, 201

jīvaṃjīvakas, 100

kalaviṅka(s), 68, 94, 96, 100, 133, 201, 210

mandarin ducks, 94, 240 mynah birds, 94, 99, 201 nightingales, 94

parrots, 68, 94, 240 peacocks, 68, 94, 99, 100, 201, 210, 240

snipes, 201

suparṇas, 73

swan, 201, 210, 214

vultures, 140

See also animal(s)/beast(s)/creature(s) birth(s) and death(s), xxxix, 19, 50, 87, 89, 180, 183, 189, 190, 223, 224, 229, 236, 299, 315, 317, 341, 346 See also rebirth(s); transmigration(s) bodhi. See enlightenment Bodhicaryāvatāra-pañjikā, xiii bodhimaṇḍa. See enlightenment: place/ seat of

Index

bodhisattva(s), xviii-xxi, xxvi, xxviiixxx, xxxii, xxxiii, xxxv-xxxix, xl-xlv, xlvii, 3, 15, 17, 25, 33, 39, 40, 43-45, 47-51, 55-58, 62, 65, 66, 75-81, 83, 84, 88-91, 96, 98, 107, 109-111, 114, 116, 122, 124-126, 129, 131-132, 137, 139, 141, 147, 153, 167-171, 174, 179-199, 211, 213-215, 217, 220, 221, 223-226, 228, 229, 231, 232, 236-243, 245, 246, 253, 254, 263, 265-267, 275, 277, 278, 284-287, 289, 293, 305, 306, 309, 311, 313, 314-316, 318-322, 325-346, 348 canon/-piṭaka/scriptures, xlii, 246, 329 excellent/famous/great/renowned/superior, 51, 79, 128, 182, 225, 236, 240, 245, 246, 265, 285

merit(s), xxxiii, 43, 123, 131, 132, 142, 179, 188, 190, 191, 193, 214, 342 practice(s), xxx, xlvi, 5, 34, 43, 46, 73, 79, 87, 131, 263, 264 stage, 16, 78, 328

See also bodhisattva mahāsattva(s) Bodhisattva, 295

See also Buddha; Śākyamuni bodhisattva mahāsattva(s), xxvii, xl, 3, 5, 15, 25-27, 43, 47, 48, 55, 66, 83, 87, 103, 110, 111, 131, 137, 141, 147, 153-168, 171, 179, 185-189, 191-199, 213, 215, 219, 253, 264, 289, 311, 313, 315, 317, 318, 320-321 See also mahāsattva(s) bodhi tree, 123, 182, 238 body, speech, and mind, xxi, xxii, xxxix, xlvii, 4, 34, 91, 95, 196, 202, 256, 315 Brahma (buddha), 112 Brahmā, 3, 16, 25, 53, 69, 99, 105, 151 Brahmabala, 112

brahmacaryā. See celibacy Brahmadatta, xxxi, 105, 112 Brahmaghoṣa, 112

363

Index

brahman(s), 36, 37, 57, 71, 73, 105, 269, 272

Brahmānana, 112

Brahmasvara, 111, 112

Brahmavasu, 112

brahmavihāras. See four immeasurable minds/four sublime abodes Bṛhatphala, 71

buddha(s), xix, xxv, xxvii-xxxvi, xl, xli, xliii-xlvii, 3, 17, 18, 21-23, 27, 28, 33-35, 37-41, 43-45, 48, 49, 51, 53, 54, 68, 79, 81, 84-87, 89-91, 95, 98, 99, 103-105, 107, 111-115, 117, 119, 122, 124-129, 132, 133, 135, 137, 138, 140-142, 145, 148, 149, 152, 169, 175-177, 182, 183, 186, 187, 191, 193, 194, 198, 201, 203, 205, 208, 209, 212, 213, 215-217, 220, 221, 226-232, 234, 238-243, 245, 249, 251, 254, 261, 262, 264, 266, 271, 275, 276, 278, 280, 281, 284-286, 288, 293, 295, 296, 298, 301-304, 306, 309-311, 318, 319, 322, 326, 329, 334, 340, 342, 343 bodies, 49, 149, 217, 242 former/past/previous, xxi, xxv-xxviii, xl, xliv, 3, 4, 6, 12, 23, 97, 98, 119, 127, 176, 224, 230, 253, 254, 266, 271, 275, 281, 286, 296, 338, 340, 347

inconceivable/innumerable/limitless, xxxii, xli, 84, 85, 103, 111, 133, 198, 227, 231, 238, 254, 288, 302 magically created/transformed, xxxiii, 135

names, xxxii, 112, 169

supreme, 176, 208

teaching(s), 12, 21, 25, 26, 39, 44, 47, 115, 120, 137, 322

See also tathāgata(s)

Buddha, xvi-xxi, xxiii, xxv-xxxiii, xxxvii, xxxix, xli, xliii, xlv-xlviii, 3-5, 21-23, 25, 29, 31-33-41, 43-45, 47-49, 53-55, 63, 65-76, 83, 84, 89, 91, 92, 94, 96, 97, 100, 104, 106, 109, 110, 116, 120, 122-125, 128, 131-137, 139, 141-144, 147-152, 169, 171, 173, 176, 181, 183, 185, 186, 192, 194, 195, 197, 202-204, 206, 208, 209, 211, 213, 215, 216, 219-222, 224, 225, 229, 230, 232, 236-239, 242, 245, 246, 248, 253, 254, 260, 261, 263, 264, 266, 275, 277, 285, 289, 295, 296, 300-302, 304-306, 325, 338, 342, 347, 348, 351-352n48

Dharma/teaching(s), xx, xxii, xxxiixxxv, xli, xliv, 28, 33, 40, 46, 47, 49, 63, 64, 72, 78, 80, 98, 106, 122, 132, 134, 136, 143, 144, 172-174, 176, 179, 180, 195, 199, 204, 209, 217, 220-224, 230, 232, 236, 237, 261, 264, 266, 268-269, 271, 275, 286, 299, 300, 302, 307, 309, 310, 320, 322, 330, 334, 336, 337, 340, 344, 347

body(ies), xxxv-xxxvii, xli, 17, 33, 68-70, 147-152, 172, 217, 221, 222, 242

child/children/son(s) and daughter(s), 18, 57, 62, 78, 81, 88, 96, 98, 114, 124, 132, 152, 180, 209, 236, 242, 280, 281, 343

eighteen distinctive characteristics, 17, 305, 318, 320, 343

eloquence/lion's roar, 16, 230, 238 enlightenment, 23, 45-46, 48, 76, 89, 97, 134, 150, 190, 191, 195, 220, 222, 228, 230-232, 265, 289, 290, 304

364

extinction/nirvana, 28-29, 138, 221, 299

family, 79, 120

fearlessness, xlvii, 14 image(s), 59, 206

knowledge, xix, xxxvi, xxxviii, 17, 18, 33, 47, 49, 68, 123, 124, 133, 169, 174, 176, 177, 194, 219, 221, 230, 250, 347

light, 69, 70, 73, 94

manifestations/transformations, 66, 70 mark(s), xlvii, 33, 34, 67, 70, 148, 151, 221, 343

merit(s), 32, 46, 72, 238, 271 omniscience/omniscient, 39, 290 path/way, 4, 17, 203, 224, 342 power(s), xxix, xlvii, 31, 66, 74, 81, 95, 97, 124, 135, 221, 310, 318-319, 338

prediction/prophecy, xxx, 84, 231, 351n42

qualities, 33, 342

realm/world, 180, 188, 193, 203, 287 relics, 176, 283

stage, 122, 340

stupa, xlii, 26, 206, 246, 268-269 treasure land/treasury, 197-198, 230, 242

virtue(s), 33, 83, 84, 91, 124, 190, 204, 206, 239, 240, 304, 322 voice, 19, 94-96, 100, 125, 140, 238, 240

wisdom, 32, 45, 180, 195, 220, 231, 342, 344

words, 32, 63, 208, 220, 230 See also Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha; Tathāgata; World-honored One Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha, 179, 230, 235, 238, 240

buddhahood, 15, 39, 80, 241, 348 Index

buddha land(s)/realm(s)/world(s), xxxiv, xxxv, xli, 5, 48, 69, 73, 75, 79, 88, 89, 90, 98, 124, 135, 136, 138, 149, 150, 188, 191, 192, 208, 215, 226, 230, 236, 240-242, 250, 261, 265, 312 Buddha Sun/Sun of Great Wisdom/Sun of Wisdom, 120, 142, 280 See also Buddha

Buddhism, xiii, xx, xxiii Mahayana, xiii, xli, 3, 17, 123, 219, 236, 248

See also Mahayana

Buddhist(s), xix, xxvii, xlviii community/followers, xxi, 181, 300, 302, 348

doctrines/teachings, xviii, xxi path, xxii, 222

C

caitya(s), 134, 239, 302 See also stupa(s)

Candrakīrti, xiii

Candrānana, 112

Candraprabha, Prince, xix, xxiii, xxvxxvii, xxix-xxxiv, xlviii, 3, 5, 29, 31, 35, 47, 53, 65-66, 70, 75, 77, 86, 87, 91, 95, 103, 109-110, 131-135, 137-138, 140, 141, 147, 153, 179, 245, 295, 348, 351n42, 351-352n48, 352n49

Candrapradīpa-samādhi-sūtra/ Candrapradīpa-sūtra, xiii, 1 See also Discourse to Prince Candraprabha, The; Samādhirāja-sūtra Candrottara, 112

canon/canonical, xiii, 329 traditional, xlvii, 18, 123, 344, 347 cause and effect, 63, 80, 116, 141, 330, 335, 337

celibacy, 107, 114, 127, 133, 135, 232, 234, 236, 245, 277, 279, 282 365

Index

China, xiii, xvi

Chu sanzang jiji, 349n13

code of moral discipline/precepts, xxii, 328, 338

See also monastic(s): code; precept(s) cognition(s), xx, xxiii-xxiv, xxx, xxxvii, 6, 31, 150, 171, 255, 316, 325, 335 eighteen elements of, xx, xxiii, xxiv, 6-8, 26, 87, 117, 255, 325, 353, objects of, 117, 325, 333, 345 twelve spheres of, xxiii, xxiv, 6, 8, 26, 87, 117, 328, 331

compassion, xli, 13, 17, 50, 63, 64, 65, 92-95, 97, 100, 105, 107, 111, 124, 174, 175, 179, 205, 207, 210, 225, 235, 279, 291, 292, 304, 305, 342 great, xxxii, xlviii, 3, 22, 26, 28, 29, 43, 68-70, 81, 87, 97, 110, 123, 189, 190, 198, 255, 275, 286, 306, 318, 319, 321, 323, 344

mind/thought of, 99, 133, 336 See also four immeasurable minds/four infinite states of mind/four sublime abodes

concentration(s), xvi, xvii, xix, xxi-xxiii, xxvii, xxxiv, xxxix, xli, xliii, xlvi, 14, 15, 18, 21-23, 31, 65, 75, 88, 91, 114, 119, 140, 149, 163, 276, 314 , 317, 330, 351n41

calm/tranquil, 22, 23, 351-352n48 on the equality of all dharmas, xvi, xviii, xx, xxv, xlvii, 5, 15, 19, 110 See also samādhi(s); meditation(s) conceptual/conceptualization, xxiv, 45, 90, 121, 148, 149, 219, 226, 282 construction(s), 8, 22, 87, 104, 147, 152, 204, 216, 223, 234, 297, 321, 329, 338

confusion, 87, 180, 188, 295, 314, 322, 332

366

craving(s), xxxvi, 6, 15, 26, 58, 113, 126, 134, 147, 188, 239, 260, 270, 282, 291, 307, 318, 325, 327, 328, 339 See also desire(s); greed/greediness D

Da bore jing, 350n29

Dānaśīla, 351n39

Dānta, 113

Dāntottara, 113

Daśabhūmika-sūtra, xiv, xvi Datang neidian lu, 350n18 Da zhidu lun, xvii, xviii Dazhou kanding zhongjing mulu, 350n20 death, xxx, xxxix, 61, 64, 91, 106, 107, 127, 143-145, 175, 186, 202, 224, 259, 261, 273, 280, 315, 316 See also birth(s) and death(s) defilement(s), xxxvi, 22, 37, 91, 110, 124, 133, 136, 153, 215, 223, 224, 270, 298, 302, 307, 310, 311, 328-330, 341, 343, 344 deliverance, xli, xlvi, 14, 15, 18, 28, 29, 111, 156, 180, 227, 305, 322 gateways, three, 305, 310, 318, 320 See also liberation

delusion(s), xxviii, xxxi, 18, 31, 33, 61, 76, 100, 198, 215, 239, 270, 278, 283, 298, 303, 304, 313, 323, 340, 341, 344

See also attachment/greed, anger/ hatred, and delusion; ignorance demigods. See yakṣa(s)

demon(s), 17, 44, 45, 65, 84, 85, 189, 190, 225, 302-304, 309

See also māra(s); Māra

dependent origination, 15, 303, 304, 316 desire(s), 6, 18, 25, 26, 40, 80, 90, 91, 96, 97, 114, 115, 128, 148, 175, 188, 197, 215, 222, 223, 224, 234, 241,

255, 273, 276-278, 284, 290, 291, 293, 297, 302, 303, 306-308, 313, 317, 325, 329, 330, 332, 334-335, 339, 344-346

carnal/lustful/sensual/sexual, 139, 140, 173, 188, 204, 210, 224, 227, 234, 235, 264, 276, 277, 281-282, 289, 304

See also craving(s); sensual desires/ pleasures; sexual/sexuality; three realms: desire

destiny(ies), 92, 276, 344, 346 bad/evil/unfortunate, 104, 106, 107, 225, 241, 261, 262, 282, 284, 341, 344, 355, 357

three, 106, 107, 264, 282 five, 138, 330

six, 187, 357, 358

See also rebirth(s); transmigration(s) deva(s), 3, 21, 23, 29, 81, 109, 128, 129, 135, 144, 151, 185, 211, 229 See also god(s)

Devadatta, 72

dhāraṇī(s), xxvii, xxxvi, 14, 48, 89, 118, 122, 124, 142, 167, 202-203, 211, 215, 217, 236, 241, 265, 299 See also memory, excellent/good dharma(s), xx-xxv, xxvii-xxx, xxxii, xxxiv-xxxvii, xxxix, xli, xlii, xlvii, 3-14, 33, 43-45, 47, 55, 59-60, 72, 75-81, 83-85, 87-90, 92, 93, 97, 99, 104, 109, 110, 111, 116, 118, 124, 139, 141, 147-148, 169, 171, 175, 193, 194, 198, 202, 220-223, 227, 228, 237, 249, 296, 298-300, 318, 321, 323, 325-327, 329-332, 337-339, 343-346, 351n37, 352n53 characteristics of, 78, 119, 221, 222, 237, 297

conditioned, xxiv, 228, 237 Index

emptiness of/empty, xviii, xxii, xxv, xxviii, xxix, xxxv, xxxix, xlvi, 33, 34, 45, 50, 62, 76, 78, 79, 85, 92, 114, 122, 139, 148, 171, 193, 216, 217, 220-223, 226, 237, 249, 288, 296-298, 300, 302, 303

equality of, xvi, xviii, xx, xxv, xxx, xlvii, xvi, 5, 15, 19, 38, 54, 91, 110-111, 246, 247, 346

evil/unwholesome, 224, 338, 343 formless, xli, 222

immeasurable/infinite/unlimited, xvii, xxv, xxxv, 34, 147, 149

impermanence of/impermanent, xviii, xxi, 148

inconceivable, xxxiv, xxxv, xli, 83, 84, 222, 309, 345

knowledge of, xxxvi, 6, 11, 80, 84, 89, 169, 216, 305, 326, 345

mundane and supramundane, 330, 333 no arising of/nonarising of, 235, 236, 306

nonattachment/not attached to, 9, 119, 223, 227, 330-332

nondual, xxxv, 147

nonexistence/nonexistent, xxviii, 53, 60, 79, 104, 216, 228, 296, 307 nonorigination/no origination/without origination, xxviii, xxxix, 6, 19, 31, 49, 78, 125, 172, 195, 228, 299, 325, 326, 346

nonself/selflessness of, xxi, xxii, xxv, xxvii, xxviii, 22, 44, 92, 220, 298, 321

original nature/own-nature of, xvi, xxv, xxix, xxx, xxxi, xxxvii, xlvii, 5-6, 15, 19, 32, 38, 50, 54, 62, 75-77, 79, 83-85, 90, 91, 104, 105, 110, 111, 116, 123, 172, 193, 203, 215, 222, 246, 247, 346

367

Index

dharma(s) (continued):

origination, xxviii, xxxix, 45, 78, 85, 165, 172, 228, 326

real/pure/true/wholesome, 92, 124, 149, 193, 327, 331, 333, 336, 338, 340, 342-344

seal of, 17, 116, 123

signs of, 13, 338

unconditioned, xxiv, 237 Dharma, xiii, xx-xxii, xxv, xxvii-xxix, xxxii-xxxvii, xxxix-xli, xliii, xliv, xlvii, 26, 28, 29, 34, 36-38, 40, 41, 43, 45, 46, 48, 50, 63, 64, 70, 72, 74, 78-80, 85, 86, 107, 109-111, 115, 118-120, 123-126, 129, 133-135, 138, 139, 141-145, 150, 151, 169, 170, 172, 173, 175, 179, 180, 186, 187, 191, 192, 194, 195, 197-199, 203, 205, 209, 213, 215, 216, 219-221, 223, 224, 226-229, 232, 237, 240-243, 245-249, 251, 253, 254, 257, 260-262, 264, 265, 268, 269, 271, 276, 281, 284, 287, 290-293, 297-303, 307-310, 312, 316, 319, 320, 322, 327, 329, 332, 334, 336, 337, 339, 342-345

acceptance of, xxvii, xxviii, 9, 36, 55, 119, 330, 337

basket/treasury, xl, 41, 115, 132, 187, 197, 198, 212, 217, 218, 230, 262, 281, 286, 291, 293, 301

beneficent/good/wholesome, 47, 180, 192, 203, 235, 335

body, xxxv, xxxvii, xli, 33, 147, 148, 150, 151, 172, 222, 343

calm/tranquil/of tranquility, 92, 123, 215, 292

deep/delicate/profound/subtle, xxviii, 36, 140, 141, 211, 222, 232, 290-292, 293 368

delight in, 7, 326

discourse(s) of/on, xxvii, xl, xli, xlvii, xlviii, 19, 47, 84, 122, 141, 171, 216, 255, 265, 297, 312, 346-348 drum, 225, 290

excellent/great/highest/ultimate, xxvi, xxxvii, 29, 70, 118, 120, 135, 144, 205, 217, 257, 342, 344

eye, 19, 289

immeasurable/inexhaustible, 81, 152, 245, 297, 344

inconceivable, 81, 137, 138, 140, 204, 219, 286, 319, 322, 340

marvelous/wonderful, 123, 248, 275 meaning(s) of, 11, 19, 80, 127, 198, 292, 307, 334

merit of, 141, 298

nectar/nectarlike, 231, 290 power of, 20, 288, 299, 338, 343 pure/undefiled, 92, 191, 202, 215, 221 right, xxxiii, xxxiv, xliii, xliv, xlvi, 134, 236, 299, 301, 304, 330, 351n41 semblance, 266

supreme, xliii, xliv, 41, 94, 120, 123, 179, 215-217, 227, 232, 235, 238, 261, 271, 281, 286, 290-293, 301, 304, 312

true, xxxiii, xliii, xliv, 9, 40, 89, 121, 136, 139, 143, 174, 194, 195, 220, 230, 254, 259, 260, 262, 265, 281, 319, 330, 332, 343

wheel, 220, 235, 271, 291 See also Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha; Dharma-nature; Dharma realm; Dharma teacher(s)

Dharma (buddha), 113

Dharmabala, 113

Dharmadhvaja, 113

Dharmaketu, 113

Dharma King/King of Dharma, 70, 73, 76, 95, 117, 118, 120, 125, 134, 192, 202, 271, 281, 284, 285 See also Buddha

Dharma-nature, 203

Dharma Prince. See Mañjuśrī Dharma realm, 203, 221 Dharmasvabhāvodgata, 113 Dharmatāśīla, xiv

Dharma teacher(s), xxxiv, xliii, xliv, xlvi, 96, 121, 127, 141-145, 245, 248, 255-262, 265-268, 274-277, 280, 281, 284, 287, 288, 299-301, 310 Dharmodgata, 113

Dhṛtarāṣṭra, 71

See also four guardian gods Dhṛtarāṣṭra (swan king), 201 dhūta. See ascetic(s): life dhyāna. See meditation(s) Dīpaṃkara, xxxi, xl, xliv, 105, 217, 261, 262

Dīpaprabha, xliv, 261

disciple(s), xxv, xlvi, xlvii, 9, 15, 21, 22, 35, 36, 40, 44, 46, 65, 95, 97, 211, 229, 254, 266, 304, 328, 329, 334, 338, 340

See also monk(s); śrāvaka(s) Discourse on the King of Concentration. See Samādhirāja-sūtra

Discourse to Prince Candraprabha, The, xiii, xiv, 1, 34, 76, 108, 129, 177, 218, 251, 278, 304, 324, 348 See also Samādhirāja-sūtra discrimination(s), xxx, 9, 10, 27, 84, 87, 92, 303, 330

See also nondiscrimination disease(s), xliii, 16, 34, 68, 105, 215, 229, 233, 239-241, 254, 256-259, 261, 262, 281, 341, 344, 352n49 See also illness; medicinal/medicine(s) Index

divine ear(s), 198, 313, 316 divine eye(s), 113, 198, 265, 315, 317 divine faculty(ies), 18, 56, 114, 124, 305, 311, 313, 318, 321, 322, 345 doubt(s), 3, 44, 47, 75, 76, 100, 104, 118, 121, 125, 126, 140, 180, 190, 191, 193, 211, 216, 221, 229, 230, 240, 251, 273, 278, 285, 288, 290, 293, 311 doubtlessness, 15, 329 dragons. See nāga(s)

Dṛdhabala, King, 116, 125, 128 Dṛdhadatta, 202, 206

Dṛdhaśūra, xxvi, 41

dream(s), xxviii, xxxiv, xxxix, xliii, 45, 55, 59, 126, 139, 202, 205, 217, 256, 257, 259, 318, 320, 321, 323-325, 329, 338, 341, 346

Durabhisaṃbhava, 66

E

earth, quakes/shaking, xlii, xlvi, 50, 67, 95, 96, 99, 115, 225, 237, 246, 248, 249, 296, 300

effort(s), xxxii, xxxviii, xxxix, 19, 32, 58, 85, 90, 91, 110, 126, 175, 186, 187, 189, 190, 217, 271, 276, 277, 303, 325, 327, 333, 345 correct/right (four), 14, 305, 310, 318, 319, 321, 322

ten merits of, 186

eight attendants/classes of beings, 81, 109

See also asura(s); deva(s); garuḍa(s); kiṃnaras; kumbhāṇdas; mahoragas; rākṣasa(s); yakṣa(s)

eight difficult circumstances, 209, 217, 229, 311, 353

eighteen distinctive/uncommon characteristics/virtues, of Buddha/Tathāgata, 17, 23, 124, 305, 310, 318, 320, 343 369

Index

eightfold noble/right path, 116, 271, 291, 306, 310, 318, 321, 323

eight worldly concerns, 114, 115, 121, 213

Elapatra, 72

elder(s), 7, 10, 174, 175, 205, 319, 323, 327, 333

eloquence, xxxiii, xxxviii, 16, 25, 75, 80, 89, 99, 114, 122, 123, 131, 139, 141, 155, 160-161, 170, 180, 186, 187, 201, 203, 209, 216, 230, 232, 245, 248, 255, 310, 319, 322, 339, 341 four kinds of, 155, 160, 288 unhindered, xxxvi, xlvi, 77, 103, 117, 124, 169, 170, 176, 195, 288, 293, 351n46

See also lion's roar

emptiness, xxv, xxxv, xxxix, xl-xlii, xlvi, 14, 50, 62, 78, 79, 84, 85, 99, 114, 115, 144, 145, 172, 175, 179, 180, 192, 193, 203, 208, 212, 216, 217, 220, 228, 236, 240, 249, 288, 289, 291, 300-302, 304, 305, 307, 308, 328, 339, 342, 344

of dharmas, xviii, xxii, xxv, xxviii, xxix, xlvi, 33, 34, 45, 78, 114, 122, 193, 216, 217, 220, 222, 237, 249, 298, 300, 302

emptiness, marklessness/signlessness, and wishlessness, 240, 305, 320 See also three gates/gateways of deliverance/liberation enlightenment, xix, xx, xxii-xxiv, xxvi, xxviii, xxxi, xxxvii, xli, xlv, xlvi, 27, 38, 39, 41, 45-46, 49-51, 53, 54, 64, 70, 72, 76, 79, 81, 89, 92, 97, 98, 107, 108, 123, 125-127, 148-151, 171, 173, 174, 176, 181, 183, 187, 190-192, 195, 205, 209, 216, 220, 222, 223, 225, 228, 230-232, 234, 237-239, 241, 248, 250, 253, 262, 370

267, 272, 277, 280, 284, 285, 289, 292, 300, 302, 311, 322, 338, 343, 347 aspiration/mind for/of xxxiv, xxxix, xliv, xlvii, 27, 45, 67, 68, 70, 71, 79, 80, 91, 127, 135, 140, 142, 144, 145, 170, 176, 183, 204, 205, 217, 235, 236, 238, 240, 249, 257, 260, 280, 284, 321, 323, 329, 347 excellent/highest/inconceivable/perfect/ true/unsurpassed, 25, 26, 65, 205, 223, 227, 237, 261, 266, 267, 289, 304

path/way to, xxvii, xxxviii, xliv, 8, 21, 22, 38, 48, 60, 68, 74, 80, 82, 97, 103, 115, 118, 127, 128, 136, 142, 172, 180, 184, 193, 194, 209, 224, 225, 231, 238, 240, 261, 265, 268, 269, 273, 278, 284, 286, 291, 293, 302, 310, 341, 348

place/seat of, 72, 174, 182, 191, 192, 237, 238, 281, 290

practice(s) for/of, 76, 79, 80, 88, 96, 103, 105, 106, 129, 135, 205, 233, 250, 262

prediction/prophecy of, 95, 351n42 seven elements/factors/limbs of, xxvii, 46, 271, 278, 291, 306, 310, 318, 321, 323, 351n41

supreme, xvi, xx, xxvi-xxx, xxxii, xxxiv, xxxviii, xl-xli, xliv, xlv, xlvii, 5, 26, 34, 37, 40, 43, 46, 47, 49, 55, 65, 77, 84, 91, 96, 98, 110, 111, 119, 123, 125, 126, 129, 131, 134, 136, 140-142, 144, 179, 181, 220, 222, 224, 225, 230, 235, 245, 246, 253, 254, 257, 259, 263-265, 267-269, 273, 277-279, 284-286, 291, 293, 304, 312, 329, 347 thirty-seven elements/factors of, 62, 288, 340

unconditioned, xxxvi, 23

"Entry into Great Compassion" (Mahākaruṇāvatāra), xlvii envy, xliv, 22, 27, 127, 134, 192, 290, 309, 332

eon(s), xxv, xxvi, xxviii, xxxii, xlv, 39, 41, 44, 51, 54, 74, 78, 81, 82, 89, 99, 106, 112, 125, 128, 129, 132, 136, 150, 152, 174, 176, 187, 208, 209, 216-218, 223, 228, 230, 241, 250, 264, 266, 271, 293, 295, 301, 314, 317 auspicious, xlv, 284

conflagration at the end of, 59, 88, 250 of decay/decaying, 59, 81, 314 endless/immeasurable/incalculable/ inconceivable/infinite/innumerable, xxx, 23, 26, 27, 35, 40, 46, 51, 53, 84, 88, 91-93, 96, 98, 111, 113-115, 132, 136, 141, 149, 150, 201, 205, 208, 210, 217, 236, 241, 245, 254, 260-262, 264, 270, 271, 276, 283, 284-287, 289, 295, 301, 306, 314 numerous as grains of sand in the Ganges, 27, 44, 46, 51, 96, 212, 266, 280, 285

past, 21, 127, 208, 284, 286 equanimity, xxvii, 17, 64, 87, 99, 123, 140, 305, 318, 321, 323, 342, 351n41 See also four immeasurable minds/four infinite states of mind/four sublime abodes

esoteric expression/language, 154, 330 See also adamantine phrases; secret teaching

evil, xxxv, 5, 23, 58, 63, 92, 105, 108, 114, 119, 120, 133, 144-145, 147, 174, 179, 180, 206, 215, 224, 254, 257, 261, 265, 266, 280-283, 291, 302, 311, 321, 329, 332

deed(s)/habits, xxi, xxxiv, xlv, 8, 78, 106, 118, 126, 133, 134, 141, 191-193, 224, 259, 273, 275, 277, 282-284, 315, 331

Index

intent/notions/thought(s), xxx, 5, 10, 85, 87, 150, 234, 274, 280, 281, 300 path(s)/states of being/existence/ rebirth(s), 21, 44, 136, 163, 167, 185, 186, 205, 217, 224, 226, 237, 262, 308, 315

See also age(s), degenerate/dreadful/evil; destiny(ies): bad/evil/unfortunate; friend(s): bad/evil/false; monk(s): evil/malicious; realm(s): evil; view(s): evil; world(s): defiled/evil Extensive (Vaipulya) Scripture, xlvii extinction, xxiv, 99, 172, 302 complete/perfect, xxvi, 23, 28, 29, 41, 43, 59, 221

See also nirvana

eye(s), special qualities of, 210, 276, 293 buddha/of Buddha, 23, 124 Dharma, 19, 289

divine, 113, 198, 265, 315, 317 pure/of purity, 19, 74, 84, 293 of those who wish to see, 18, 344 of the world, 5, 290

See also senses; sense organ(s) F

faith, xxxix, 3, 25, 27, 37, 45, 118-120, 128, 134, 151, 179, 181, 183, 189, 190, 194, 195, 204, 235, 238, 254, 277, 289, 291, 296, 300, 302, 310, 321, 332, 337, 339

deep/profound xxxiii, 4, 39, 46, 125, 137, 204, 241, 242, 257, 259, 260, 289

firm/resolute, 125, 179, 323, 339 great/highest/superior, 204, 246, 248, 254

pure, 40, 45, 54, 128, 179, 180, 247, 250, 260, 261, 266

right, xlvi, 31, 39, 235, 299 Fajing, xiv, xvi, 349n12

371

Index

fame, xxvii, xxxviii, 12, 51, 61, 99, 111, 115, 123, 124, 126, 139, 173, 181, 182, 196, 197, 213, 260, 282, 292, 303, 334, 342

Fangguang bore jing, 350n27 fear(s)/fearful, xxviii, xxxii, xxxvi, xxxviii, xlvi, 3, 4, 23, 50, 64, 93, 110, 114, 122, 134, 143, 144, 181, 183, 187, 193, 211, 216, 218, 224, 228, 230, 231, 247, 265, 273, 278, 282, 286, 290-292, 300, 307, 309, 311 fearless/fearlessness, xlvii, 14, 17, 56, 80, 100, 182, 195, 238, 239, 288, 292, 319, 322, 343

four kinds of, 23, 305, 317, 320, 328, 338

Fei Zhangfan, xv-xvi

female(s), 224, 226, 227, 229, 234, 237 body, transformation of, xliv, 231, 261, 271

See also lay devotee(s)/disciples/follower(s): female; woman/women flower(s), xlvi, 26, 27, 38, 43, 46, 50, 58, 65-73, 89, 94, 96, 99, 109, 114, 127, 135, 143, 176, 201-202, 206, 225, 231, 239-240, 245, 246, 250, 270, 274, 275, 277, 283, 295, 296, 300, 302

aloe (vārṣika)/mucilinda-vārṣikas, 70, 201

aśokas, 201

atimuktaka/jasmine, 70, 201 campaka, 70, 247

heavenly, 67, 71, 347

javas, 201

māndārava, xlvi, 238, 250, 300 of the udumbara tree, 209, 260 water lilies (kumuda), 201 See also lotus(es)

372

food (and drink), xxvii, 13, 16, 22, 27, 32, 36, 37, 38, 43, 45, 46, 63, 65, 67, 75, 106, 121, 127, 132, 173, 175, 186, 187, 197, 207, 210, 213, 214, 257, 258 266, 268, 301, 315

See also alms/almsgiving; offering(s) fool(s)/foolish, 59-64, 78, 106, 107, 120, 122, 134, 140, 145, 174, 205, 217, 223, 224, 226, 227, 269, 273, 301, 302, 328, 336

forest(s), 46, 73, 145, 180, 266-268, 327 dwelling/living in, xxii, xxiii, xxxiv, 4, 7, 22, 25, 126-128, 139, 140, 143, 144, 176, 179, 180, 188, 195, 196, 206, 209, 214, 262, 267, 276, 302, 303, 327

of Samantabhadra, xliv, 265, 274-276 See also tree(s); wilderness four divine faculties, 114, 318, 321 four elements, 48, 255, 260 four gates, xli, 220

See also emptiness, marklessness/signlessness, wishlessness four guardian gods, 3, 71 four immeasurable minds/four infinite states of mind/four sublime abodes, 64, 242, 255, 305, 310, 318, 321 four groups of the Buddhist community, 181, 300, 302, 348

See also laymen and laywomen; monk(s); nun(s)

Four Noble Truths, 61, 316, 326 friend(s), xlvi, 14, 62, 93, 180, 197, 284, 301, 339

bad/evil/false, xxxiv, 32, 63, 141, 142, 144-146, 304

good/righteous/true xxiv, xxxiv, xxxv, xxxviii, xliii, 32, 79, 80, 93, 120, 132, 141, 142, 144, 182, 304, 327

Index

friendliness, xxxix, 17, 29, 32, 64, 123, 127, 185-186, 191, 192, 235, 242, 284, 291, 302, 303, 305, 321, 342, 344 See also four immeasurable minds/four infinite states of mind/four sublime abodes

G

Gadgadasvara, xviii

Gambhīraghoṣa, 112

Gaṇābhibhu, 113

Gaṇamukhya, 113

Gandhahastin, 66, 99

gandharva(s), xxxiii, 3, 66, 79, 95, 100, 109, 137-138, 140, 247, 250 Gaṇendra, 113

Gaṇendraśūra, 113

Gaṇeśvara, xlvi, 111, 113, 295-296 Ganges River, 22, 27, 33, 38, 44, 45, 46, 51, 96, 103, 114, 115, 129, 135, 138, 145, 208, 212, 225, 226, 229, 231, 232, 241, 250, 261, 266, 280, 285, 287, 289, 293

Gaṇivara, 113

Gaṇivarapramocaka, 113 Gao Qi (Northern Qi) dynasty, xiii, 1 Gardabhaka, 73

garden(s), xlv, xlvi, 17, 123, 201, 202, 207, 273, 279, 280, 295, 343 garuḍa(s), 66, 73, 81, 100, 109, 123, 247 generosity, xxxviii, 10, 27, 32, 34, 79, 91, 95-97, 175, 181, 182, 192, 234, 303, 332

See also six perfections Ghoṣadatta, xxvi, xli, 35-40, 245 Ghoṣānana, 112

Ghoṣeśvara, 111

Gilgit, xiv, xlviii

gods, xix, xxiii, xxx-xxxii, xxxiv, xxxv, xlviii, 3, 4, 16, 19, 21, 23, 29, 40, 47, 49, 50, 53, 66, 67, 69-71, 73, 74, 79, 80, 81, 84, 86, 94, 95, 97, 99, 100, 103, 104, 114, 115, 122, 137, 138, 140-142, 144, 145, 151, 185, 201, 204, 209, 211, 214, 224, 245-250, 257, 259, 260, 270, 272, 273, 275, 277, 279, 280, 288, 295, 296, 299, 308, 310, 312, 313, 341, 348 Brahmā, 99, 312

four ways of comprehending, 154-155 palace(s), 138, 202

voices, 100, 280

See also deva(s); four guardian gods goddess(es), 100, 250 Great Hero/Hero among Humans/Hero of the World, 92, 93, 100, 133, 150, 204, 238

See also Buddha

Great Honorable Sage/Great Sage/Great Seer/Honorable Sage/Sage/Sage King, 67, 73, 95-97, 99, 100, 133, 135, 202, 238, 267, 271, 309, 310, 344 See also Buddha

greed/greediness, xxii, xxvii, 18, 27, 31, 93, 226, 234, 289, 306, 307 See also attachment/greed, anger/hatred and delusion; avarice; craving(s) grief, 16, 247, 273, 275, 316, 341 See also pain; suffering Guangzan jing, 350n29 Guiding Teacher, 68, 75, 77, 78, 89, 95-100, 123, 124, 281 See also Buddha

Gupta characters, xiv H

Haimavata, 73

Han dynasty, xv

happiness, 36, 38, 47, 60, 61, 65, 139, 176, 185, 192, 205, 207, 216, 257, 292, 341, 342, 345

See also joy

373

Index

hatred, xxii, 5, 7, 17, 18, 22, 31, 91, 123, 124, 127, 134, 139, 140, 148, 174, 175, 196, 197, 206, 213, 215-217, 226, 234, 262, 270, 271, 278, 289, 303, 313, 321, 323, 327, 342, 344 See also attachment/greed, anger/ hatred, and delusion

heaven(s), xvii, xliii, 36, 43, 64, 67, 71, 85, 95, 99, 100, 226, 234, 250, 256, 270, 278, 285, 295, 302, 315, 348 Brahmā, 69, 122, 128, 185, 186, 270, 341

of the Thirty-three/Trāyastriṃśa, 247, 270, 279

heavenly, 66, 68, 69, 94, 138, 276, 295, 348

See also flower(s): heavenly heavenly musician. See gandharva(s) hell(s), xxxv, 61, 73, 138, 145, 217, 259, 273, 277, 282, 283, 311, 315 Avīci, 20, 145, 174, 225, 274, 275, 280, 281, 283

realm, xxxiv, 209, 313

See also destiny(ies): bad/evil/unfortunate, five, six heretic(s)/heretical, xxvii, 15, 45, 48, 65, 76, 92, 93, 99, 104, 133, 142, 190, 193, 195, 199, 217, 225, 288, 292, 301, 307

See also non-Buddhist(s) Honored Parent/Parent of the World, 89, 98, 133, 148, 149

See also Buddha

householder(s), xxii, 12, 36, 37, 70, 120, 127, 173, 253, 254, 269, 335 See also laity/laypeople; laymen and laywomen; secular households household life, xxvi, 38, 40, 41, 127 See also secular households hungry ghosts, xxxiv, 67, 73, 138, 209, 311

I

idleness, 45, 188, 235, 241, 303, 321 ignorance, 11, 15, 18, 26, 80, 89, 99, 104, 120, 122, 124, 148, 164, 167, 169, 235, 236, 239, 259, 262, 270, 290, 316, 323, 330, 333, 338-340, 344 See also delusion(s)

Ikṣvāku clan, 231

illness, xxvii, xxxi, 61, 62, 91, 105, 143, 186, 187, 256, 291

See also disease(s); medicinal/medicine(s) immortality, 32, 44, 190, 191, 218, 220, 231, 281

incense, xxvii, 38, 43, 44, 65, 69, 89, 109, 176, 245, 246, 277, 347 candana/sandalwood, 28, 66, 70, 260 See also offering(s); sandalwood India/Indian, xiii, 1, 201, 360 Indraketudhvajarāja, xxxiv,141-142 Indra/Śakra Indra, 3, 16, 69, 185, 211 insight, xxi, xxvii, 48, 61, 189, 219, 303, 341

unhindered, xxxvi, xxxvii, xlvii, 6, 117, 169, 171, 311, 326

four kinds of, xxxvi, 194, 305, 320, 351n46

Īśvara, 211

J

Jambudvīpa, xliii, 35, 40, 49, 73, 134, 143, 201, 202, 204, 216, 235, 250, 254, 255, 260

Jambūnada River, 260, 288 Japan, xiii

Jñānabala (buddha), 112

Jñānabala, King, xliii, xliv, 254-257, 262 Jñānābhibhū, 112

Jñānābhyudgata, 112

Jñānadatta, xxvi, 39

374

Jñānaprabhāsa, xlvii, 306 Jñānārcimad, 112

Jñānasamudgata, 112

Jñānaśūra, 41, 112

Jñānavat, Prince, xvi, 352n49 Jñānāvatī, Princess, xliii, 255-258, 352n49

Jñānaviśeṣaga, 112

Jñāneśvara, 111

joy, 7, 12, 26, 36, 61, 68, 72, 73, 75, 103, 109, 117, 123, 133, 136, 139, 144, 150, 185, 186, 188, 197, 204, 207, 247, 248, 258, 272, 274, 275, 277, 310, 326, 334, 341, 343, 344, 347, 348, 351n41

See also happiness; sympathetic joy Jvalanta, 113

K

Kaiyuan shijiao lu, 350n18 kalpa. See eon(s)

Kapilavastu, 22

karma/karmic, 31, 134, 141, 202 Kāśyapa (buddha), 72

Kauṇḍinya, 221

Kharakarṇa, 73

kiṃnaras, 3, 16, 66, 71, 79, 81, 94, 99, 109, 123, 250, 341

Kimpila, 72

King of Bulls, 4, 74, 95, 99, 119, 123, 278

See also Buddha

King of Medicine, 210, 272 See also Buddha

Kīrtimālā, xiii

knowledge, xxiv, xxxvi, xxxviii, 3, 4, 6-7, 9-11, 13-15, 17-19, 26, 31, 33, 37, 47, 49, 51, 57, 68-69, 72, 79, 80, 83-84, 86, 87, 89, 103, 104, 111, 113, 116-120, 122-125, 131-133, 135, Index

138, 147, 150, 160, 162-169, 174, 176, 177, 183, 194, 198, 202, 208, 209, 215, 216, 219, 221, 226, 228, 229, 236, 250, 267, 276, 281, 286, 287, 290, 292, 293, 298, 299, 307, 317, 325-334, 336-346

broad/extensive/great/keen/wide, 4, 11, 33, 79, 81, 83, 122, 131, 132, 142, 203, 290

of former/past/previous existences/lives, 75, 113, 118, 125, 198, 315, 317 inconceivable, xix, 4, 47, 145, 160, 162-167, 194, 219

immeasurable/inexhaustible/infinite/ limitless/unlimited, xxxvii, 25, 46, 118, 131, 132, 170, 186, 281, 288, 288, 330, 347

of liberation, 3, 121

perfect/right/supreme/true/ultimate, xxiii, 16, 32, 51, 58, 104, 115, 124, 133, 139, 146, 148, 208, 225, 226, 230, 249, 288, 291, 292, 302, 303 pure/undefiled, 209, 229, 248, 256, 281 spontaneous, 120, 251, 276, 286 stage of, 15, 340

store(s)/treasury of, 16, 123, 160, 203, 282, 341

supernatural, 21, 48, 315, 316, 334, 345 supernatural power(s) of, xvii, xviii, xxvii, xl, xli, 8, 11, 18, 21, 114, 118, 124, 128, 203, 217, 219, 288, 290, 293, 311, 320, 322, 328 ten powers of, 16, 17, 23, 27, 68, 123, 202, 267, 271, 305, 342 unhindered/unimpeded, 76, 104, 176, 305

See also wisdom

Kolita, 97

Kṛṣṇāgautama, 72

Kṣemadatta, xli-xlii, 245-251 375

Index

Kumārajīva, xvii, xviii kumbhāṇdas, 29, 67, 73, 81, 98 L

language(s), xxix, xxxvi, 11, 77, 80, 169, 234, 247, 255, 291, 292, 319, 320, 334 See also esoteric expression/language; letters; speech; word(s) lapis lazuli, 137, 151, 231, 269 latent forces, mental and physical, xx, xxxvi, xxxvii, 153-168, 316, 354 See also aggregate(s)

latent impressions/tendencies, 8, 328 laity/laypeople, xxii, 105, 106, 173, 182, 197, 327

See also householder(s) lay devotee(s)/disciples/follower(s), 116 female, 20, 135, 250, 266 male, 20, 135, 250, 266 laymen and laywomen, xlviii, 181, 300, 302, 348

See also four groups of the Buddhist community

letters, xxix, xxxvi, 19, 77, 80, 83, 88, 117, 125, 155, 169, 203, 334, 345 See also syllable(s); word(s) Lidai sanbao jing, 349n14 liberation, xxx, xli, 3, 31, 50, 62, 87, 92, 104, 121, 124, 149, 156, 188, 195, 196, 210, 213, 219-221, 224, 226, 227, 233, 236, 239, 242, 290, 303, 304, 320, 338-344

eight kinds of, 295

four kinds of, 156

gates/gateway of, 124, 242, 344 knowledge of, 3, 121, 317 path of/to, 114, 196

perfection of, 188, 293 See also deliverance

376

Lion of the Śākyas/Sacred Lion among Humans, 4, 76, 98, 230, 239, 240, 266 See also Buddha

lion's roar, 17, 93, 99, 104, 123, 134, 230, 238, 250, 342

See also eloquence

Liu Song dynasty, xiv, 351-352n48 livelihood, 7, 22, 63, 107, 117, 134, 180, 197, 290, 327, 335

Lord/Lord of the Dharma/Lord of Humans/Lord of this World, xvii, 3, 4, 206

See also Bhagavat; Buddha Lotus Sutra (Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra), xiv, xvi, xviii M

magic/magical/magician, xxviii, xxxiv, xli, 17, 50, 59, 79, 156, 223, 343 Mahābala, King, xxvi, 35-41 Mahāgaṇendra, 113

Mahākaruṇācintin, Prince, xxviii, 53-54 Mahāmatī, 116

*Mahāprajñāpāramitā-upadeśa-śāstra, xvii

mahāsattva(s), 239, 293 See also bodhisattva mahāsattva(s) Mahāsthāmaprāpta, 66, 98 Mahayana, xiii-xvi, xviii, xix, xli, xlviii, 3, 17, 123, 219, 236, 238, 246, 342 mahoragas, 3, 16, 66, 79, 81, 95, 99, 109, 247, 341

Maitreya, xxxi, xxxiii, xlii, xliv-xlvi, 3, 66, 81, 95, 103, 136, 209, 230, 250, 262, 289, 301, 348

Manasvin, 72

Mañjuśrī, xv, xix, 98, 350-351n48 Mañjuśrīkīrti, xiii

Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa, xviii māra(s), 44, 85, 172, 272, 308

Māra, 37, 44, 62, 65, 84, 12 4, 127, 134, 140, 150, 173, 187, 188, 190, 224, 225, 226, 292, 293, 303, 304 army(ies) of, 17, 37, 92, 123, 127, 187, 237, 343

See also Pāpīyas

Mārabala, 113

mark(s), 48, 149

bodily/corporeal, xxxv, xxxvi, xlii, 5, 80, 185, 186, 211, 217, 231, 239, 241, 249, 262, 267, 271, 274, 275, 277, 279, 280, 284, 303, 305, 317, 318, 320, 322

of buddha(s)/Buddha/Tathāgata, xxxv, xlvii, 25, 33, 34, 67, 70, 84, 94, 132, 148-152, 206, 221,

thirty-two, 23, 343

of dharmas, xxvii, xxxv, 47, 147 markless/marklessness, xli, 33, 88, 150, 220, 232, 240, 307

See also emptiness, marklessness/signlessness, and wishlessness; signless/ signlessness

Mati, Prince, xxxi, 105

Matīśvara, 111

Maudgalyāyana, xxv, 22, 97 medicinal/medicine(s), xvi, xxvii, 16, 34, 36, 43, 53, 62, 123, 210, 215, 232, 256-261, 291, 341, 342

See also physician(s)

meditation(s), xxi, xxiii, xxxv, xxxviii, xxxix, 9, 11, 14, 15, 19, 25, 46, 61, 118, 122, 134, 176, 187, 188-190, 192-194, 196, 232, 235, 236, 239, 242, 262, 265, 267, 277, 288, 290, 292, 293, 299, 303, 312, 317, 334, 335, 339, 344

delight/enjoyment/joy/pleasure of, 11, 85, 140, 175, 188, 193, 210, 213, 334

Index

four, 61, 143, 271, 276, 278, 306, 310 See also concentration(s); six perfections memory, excellent/good, xxxvi, 7, 14, 18, 56, 118, 124, 167-169, 175, 176, 202, 209, 211, 217, 236, 241, 299, 339, 345, 346

See also dhāraṇī(s)

mendicant(s), 12, 36-40, 62, 63, 106, 119, 120, 128, 139, 143, 172, 174, 180, 204, 205, 253, 254, 261, 271, 330, 335

See also monk(s); renunciant(s) merit(s), xxiii, xxvii, xxx, xxxiii, xxxviii, xl, xli, xliv, xlvi, xlvii, 5, 15, 23, 27, 34, 37, 38, 43, 46, 51, 61, 67-69, 72, 80-82, 87, 95, 123, 124, 126, 128, 131, 133, 141, 146, 148, 149, 169, 177, 179, 180, 185-188, 192, 195-197, 199, 206, 209, 212, 214, 217, 231, 238, 253, 257, 260-262, 266, 267, 271, 279, 282, 286, 289, 290, 292, 293, 295, 296, 298, 299, 342, 347

accumulation/store/treasury of, xxviii, 74, 131, 132, 142, 176, 179, 239, 285, 286

divine, xxix, 67, 311

excellent/great/outstanding/superior/ supreme/true/unsurpassed, xxvii, xxix, xxx, 3, 25, 28, 29, 31, 38, 41, 46, 77, 81, 83, 128, 133, 260, 262, 281, 285, 286, 291, 295, 300, 310, 348

field of, 74, 248

immeasurable/inconceivable/inexhaustible/infinite/innumerable, xxvii, 32, 43, 81, 82, 123, 147, 177, 259, 285, 286

root(s) of, xxxviii, 26, 270 377

Index

merit(s) (continued):

ten, xxxviii-xxxix, 185-197 transference, four kinds of, xliii, 253, 352n49

meritorious, xxv, 22, 27, 56, 80, 114, 177, 231, 249, 262, 268, 280 mind(s), xx, xxiv, xxvii, xxx, xxxv, xliii, xlvi, 5, 11, 22, 31, 33, 35, 37, 54, 57, 60, 62, 63, 67, 83, 85, 87, 91, 92, 96, 98, 111, 118, 119, 139, 149, 150, 152, 179, 188-192, 194, 196, 201, 205, 210, 213, 217, 221, 227, 229, 230, 233-234, 247, 248, 254, 272, 273, 275, 277, 282, 290, 293, 296, 297, 302-304, 307-309, 313-315, 317, 320-324, 326, 329, 330, 332, 333, 335, 337, 339, 344

to attain/aspiration for enlightenment, 27, 70, 217

calm/peaceful/tranquil, 17, 36, 83, 115, 149, 210, 233, 281, 285

benevolent/of compassion/compassionate/kind, xx, 5, 99, 133, 210, 276 concentrated, 33, 138, 232, 276, 314 dejected, 9, 120

deluded/ignorant, 234, 291, 313 distracted/idle/unsettled, 31, 63, 176, 321

earnest/respectful, 205, 282, 296, 300 equal/of equanimity/equanimous/even/ impartial, xx, xxx, 5, 9, 87, 99, 176, 229, 336

evil/false/deceptive/devious/hostile/ inferior/wicked, 4, 17, 107, 205, 238, 281, 285, 302

of faith/faithful, 282, 296 free from affliction(s)/unafflicted/unhindered, xx, 5, 183, 184, 186, 188 friendly/of friendliness, 192, 277, 302 great/superior/supreme/upright, 7, 70, 248, 261, 313, 314

378

immovable/indestructible/resolute/ steadfast/unshakeable, 44, 49, 148, 248, 285, 309, 332

inconceivable/measureless/vast, 227, 255, 308, 313

liberated/unattached/without attachment, 56, 57, 206, 227, 234, 313, 314 moral discipline of, xxi, xxii, xlvii, 6, 320-324

nature/own-nature of, xxx, 11, 83, 150, 296, 298

pure/purification of/unstained, 18, 70, 72, 80, 99, 115, 124, 140, 186, 188, 205, 206, 210, 217, 233, 234, 236, 254, 282, 344

subtle/subtlety of, 11, 287 undeceiving/undevious, 7, 13, 253 undefiled/without defilement, 4-5, 124, 133, 150, 234

without malice/hatred/hostility, xx, 5, 196, 213, 313

See also body, speech, and mind; four immeasurable minds/four infinite states of mind/four sublime abodes mindful/mindfulness, xxvii, 46, 124, 187, 308, 328, 332, 351n41

four applications/bases/kinds of, 60, 305, 310, 318, 319, 322, 335 miracle(s)/miraculous, 18, 39, 66, 67, 71, 79, 247, 249, 250, 345

mirage(s), xxviii, xxxiv, xxxix, xliv, 47, 55, 59, 60, 141, 202, 223, 260, 296, 298, 318, 323, 325

Mohe bore boluomi jing, 350n28 Mokṣala, xvii

monastic(s), xxii, xxiii, 204, 278 code, 9, 328, 331

See also monk(s); nun(s) monastery(ies), xxii, 21 See also temple(s)

monk(s), xvi, xix, xxii, xxxi-xxxv, xxxvii, xxxix, xli-xlviii, 3, 12, 19, 36, 38, 39, 58, 66, 75, 105, 107, 116, 126, 135, 142, 144-145, 173-176, 179, 182, 201, 204, 205, 245-247, 250, 265, 268-276, 279-280, 282-285, 288, 289, 296, 299-302, 310, 327, 337, 348, 352n49

arrogant/immoral/profane/unfit, xxii, xxxi, xxxv, 28-29, 144, 266 community/order, xxii, 65, 70, 75, 181 evil/malicious, xxxiii, xxxv, xxxviii, 28, 145, 174, 300, 301

See also bhikṣu(s); four groups of the Buddhist community; mendicant(s); monastic(s)

moon, 70, 100, 101, 217, 233, 239, 248, 270, 271, 274, 308, 312

reflection in water, xxviii, xxxiv, xxxix, 55, 59, 141, 202, 221, 298 moral discipline, xxi-xxiii, xxvii, xxxii, xxxiv, xxxviii, xxxix, xli-xliii, xlv, xlvii, xlviii, 4, 6, 8, 13, 14, 27, 28, 31, 32, 34, 36, 44, 46, 56, 61, 63, 79, 85, 91, 96, 97, 99, 105-107, 110, 118, 119, 121, 122, 126, 134, 142, 146, 169, 173-176, 180, 189, 190, 193, 205, 215, 219, 221, 228, 234, 236, 241, 242, 253, 260, 262, 264, 266, 270, 274, 276, 277, 282-285, 290, 292, 293, 295, 298-301, 303, 305-311, 317-324, 326-328, 330, 336-338 of body, speech, and mind, xxi, xxii, xlvii, 6, 305-311, 317-324 pure/stainless/without defilement, 32, 45, 85, 91, 106, 110, 114, 126, 176, 179, 181, 183, 184, 193, 205, 206, 213, 241, 243, 264, 266, 270, 274, 276, 278, 284, 285, 299, 310, 318, 322, 336

See also precept(s); six perfections Index

moral discipline, concentration, and wisdom, xxi, xxii, xli

mountain(s)/peak(s), xviii, xxv, 48, 49, 60, 66, 67, 71, 73, 99, 118, 132, 138, 143, 209, 213, 225, 267, 268, 275, 288, 290, 296, 300, 311, 312, 329 Cakravāḍa, 20, 73, 138

Gośīrśa, 66

Himalaya, 170

Mahāmucilinda/Mucilinda, 138 Mount Gandhamādana, 71

Mount Gṛdhrakūṭa/Vulture Peak, xix, xxix, xxxii, 3, 21, 22, 81, 109, 230, 250

Mount Sumeru, 73, 93, 138, 207, 216, 237, 248, 260, 279, 288, 303, 308 Mucilinda (nāga king), 72 muni. See sage(s)

Muni, 283, 288, 296

See also Buddha

music/musical/musicians, xxii, xxxiii, 3, 27, 43, 67, 71, 72, 94-96, 99, 100, 106, 109, 137, 138, 173, 176, 201, 210, 231, 240, 245, 246, 250, 277, 296, 347

mystic formula. See dhāraṇī(s) N

nāga(s), xxxiii, xxxiv, xlii, 3, 16, 29, 58, 66, 72, 79, 94, 95, 98-100, 103, 109, 123, 135, 145, 185, 211, 214, 247, 249, 250, 296, 341

Nāgārjuna, xvii

name(s), xxix, xxx, xxxvi, xxxvii, 45, 77, 78, 80, 83, 85, 155, 169, 216, 227, 296, 334

See also letter(s)

name(s) and form(s), xxiii, xxiv, 31, 149, 316, 338

See also aggregate(s); dependent origination 379

Index

Nanda, 72

Nandika, xlv, 272-274, 280, 284 Narendraghoṣa, xxxii, 113, 115-123, 125 Narendrayaśas, xiii-xvii, xix, 1, 352n49 Nepalese, xiii, xiv, 351n47 Netra-anindita, 113

nirvana, xxiv, xxvi, xliii, xlvi, 32, 39, 50, 93, 134, 138, 145, 148, 169, 171-172, 181, 183, 221, 245, 284, 299, 320, 324, 342, 345

complete/perfect/real, 25, 41, 144, 145, 265, 301

happiness/pleasure of, 60, 61, 213 ultimate/without remainder, 36, 38, 40, 245, 254, 261

See also enlightenment; extinction nonattachment, xxxix, 9, 11, 12, 92, 119, 334

non-Buddhist(s), 62, 265, 338, 340, 343 nondiscrimination, xxx, 78, 84, 87 nonorigination, 78, 117, 329, 333, 338 nonretrogression/nonretrogressive, xliv, 8, 44, 111, 115, 118, 225, 231, 240, 249, 254, 262, 265, 268, 269, 273, 329, 341

nonself, xlvi, 37, 51, 93, 300, 307, 308, 320, 324, 339, 341, 342, 344 of dharmas, xxii, 22, 220, 298, 321 See also selfless/selflessness nun(s), xxii, xlviii, 20, 135, 181, 204, 250, 261, 266, 300, 302, 348 See also four groups of the Buddhist community

O

offering(s), xxv, xxvii, xxxiii, xxxix, xli-xliii, xlvi, 3, 21, 22, 27, 36-38, 40, 43-44, 50, 66, 68, 70-73, 75, 95, 96, 98, 107, 113, 117, 123, 126-129, 132-136, 144, 145, 174-176, 182, 380

201, 206, 209, 211-213, 230-233, 239, 242, 245-250, 255, 262, 266, 278, 282-284, 288, 289, 302, 319 See also incense

ogres. See piśācas

omniscience/omniscient, xxxviii, xxxix, 17, 32, 39, 123, 179, 181, 183, 249, 267, 290, 341, 343

ordination, 9, 14, 36, 127, 174, 245 See also monk(s)

original nature, xxxvii, 4, 14, 32, 150, 308

See also dharma(s): original nature/ own-nature; own-nature

origination, xxix, xli, 18, 77, 78, 123, 125, 165, 195, 221, 307, 325, 344 See also dependent origination; dharma(s): origination other shore, crossing to, 16, 56, 57, 123, 291, 342, 343

See also enlightenment; liberation outcaste, 272, 280

own-being. See original nature; own-nature

own-nature, xxx, xxxvii, 50, 60, 83, 85, 87, 88, 171, 172, 203, 226, 228, 232, 233, 339, 340

See also dharma(s): original nature/ own-nature

P

Padmottara, xxxii, xlv, xlvi, 128, 284, 301

pagoda. See stupa(s)

pain, xxi, xxvii, xxxi, xxxv, xliii, xliv, 12, 16, 29, 34, 61, 62, 73, 105, 138, 139, 187, 205, 213, 218, 223, 225, 233, 257, 259, 262, 273, 275-277, 283 See also suffering

Pañcaśikha, xxxiii, 137-138, 140

Pañcaviṃśati-sāhasrikā-prajñāpāramitā, xvii, xviii

Pāpīyas, 65, 84, 134, 189, 226 See also Māra

parables, 13, 337, 338

pāramitās. See six perfections parinirvāṇa. See extinction: complete/ perfect; nirvana: complete/perfect/ real, ultimate/without remainder patience, xxvii, xxviii, xxxi, xxxii, xxxviii, xxxix, xlvi, 9, 15, 44, 79, 91, 107, 108, 126, 127, 175, 180, 185, 186, 189, 190, 215, 216, 267, 271, 277, 282, 290, 292, 293, 300-302, 331 great/incomparable/supreme, xlvi, 25, 216, 276, 285, 301

power of, xlvi, 91, 126, 127, 189, 295, 298, 301, 302

See also six perfections physician(s), xxxi, 62, 105, 215, 255, 281, 340

See also medicinal/medicine(s) piśācas, 81, 100

power(s), supernatural/supranormal, 11, 40, 48, 66, 89, 96-98, 104, 114, 135, 143, 145, 148, 198, 203, 208, 215, 219, 221, 225, 226, 228-229, 231, 236-239, 241, 247, 298, 299, 310, 311, 312, 318

four bases of, 228-229, 288, 319, 328 of knowledge, xvii, xviii, xxxvii, xl, xli, 8, 11, 18, 21, 114, 118, 124, 128, 203, 217, 219, 288, 290, 293, 320, 322, 328

See also supernatural/supranormal prajñā. See wisdom

Prajñākaramati, xiii

Prajñāpāramitā sutras, xvi, xvii Prasannapadā, xiii

Praśānta, 113

Index

Praśāntaviniścaya-prātihārya-sūtra, xxi, 351n39

prātimokṣa. See code of moral discipline/ precepts

pratyekabuddha(s), 18, 46, 65, 122, 189, 190, 199, 328, 329, 340, 344, 347 precept(s), xxi, xxii, xxxiii, 9, 57, 133, 134, 175, 248, 251, 298, 328, 329 eight, xxii, 36, 116, 126, 225, 283 five, xxii, 36, 173

See also code of moral discipline/ precepts

prediction/prophecy/prophesize, xxxi, xl, 50, 69, 218, 231

of becoming a buddha, xl, 68, 209, 217, 301

of enlightenment, xxx, xxxi, 49, 84, 95, 351n42

of seeing buddhas, xxxiii, 135, 230 pride/self-pride, 60-61, 73, 110, 139, 196, 197, 333

Puṇyamati, xlvi, 299-301 Pure Land/Pure Land of Bliss, xxv, xxx, xxxiii, xxxix, xl, xlviii, 23, 81, 89, 136, 195, 212, 241

pūtanas, 73

Q

quarrel(s)/quarreling/quarrelsome, 9, 27, 60, 107, 119, 126, 180, 193-196, 210, 213, 221, 262, 267, 275, 301, 331 quiescent/quietude, xxvii, 32, 48, 133, 180, 206, 310, 344

R

Rāhu, 71

Rāhula, xxv, 22

Rājagṛha, xix, xxix, xxxi, xxxii, 3, 65, 66, 103, 109, 352n49

rākṣasa(s), 29, 72, 79, 81, 98, 99 Ratnaketu, 66

381

Index

Ratnakusuma, 66

Ratnapadmacandraviśuddhābhyudgatarāja, xliv, 264-265 Ratnāvatī, xliv, 268-270, 273, 279, 280 realm(s), xxxiv, xxxix, xlvi, 8, 19, 46, 65, 85, 92, 97, 114, 116, 118, 195, 198, 202, 236, 241, 287, 292, 297, 304, 311, 315, 317, 328-329, 335, 346 of animals, xxxiv, 209, 311, 313 of buddhas/Buddha/tathāgatas, 65, 90, 180, 188, 193, 203

evil, 39, 41, 44, 54, 190, 191, 193, 209, 211, 223, 262, 291, 315

hell, xxxiv, 209, 313

of hungry ghost(s), xxxiv, 209, 311 of Māra, 173, 188

tranquil/of tranquility, 203, 217, 222 See also Dharma realm; three realms rebirth(s), 31, 32, 104, 113, 186, 224, 307, 330

evil, 44, 237, 262

See also birth(s) and death(s); transmigration(s) recollection(s), xxx, 8, 46, 87, 227 See also mindful/mindfulness religious practice(s), xiii, xix, xxi, xxiii, xxv, xxxi, xxxii, xxxiv, xxxvii, xxxix, xl, xliv, xlvi, 22, 23, 36, 38, 44, 58, 96, 97, 99, 103, 107, 108, 114, 115, 117, 118, 122, 142, 145, 171, 173, 183, 230, 279, 299, 327, 351-352n48 supreme/ultimate/unsurpassed, 36-38, 96, 262

renunciant(s), 54, 116, 120, 222, 295, 299 See also mendicant(s); śramaṇa retribution, xxxiv, xlviii, 6, 8, 119, 141, 143, 144, 147, 224, 274, 325, 329, 331

black (bad) and white (good), xxxix, 202

robe(s), 38, 39, 54, 66, 68, 75, 107, 204, 290, 295, 299, 300

attachment to, 63, 105, 210, 301 See also monk(s)

roots, xxxviii, 17, 61, 180 good/of goodness/wholesome, xxvi, xxvii, xxxiv, xxxviii, xlii, xliii, 3, 13, 25, 27, 36, 39, 41, 43, 54, 62, 67, 83, 134, 141, 179, 236, 247, 253, 254, 265, 268, 338, 347 of merit, 26, 180, 270

Royal Buddhist Library, xv, xvi S

sage(s), 40, 88, 110, 113, 117-121, 183, 217, 250, 271, 282, 285, 292, 303 Śakra/Śakra Indra/Śakra Kauṣika, 3, 16, 71, 137, 270, 348

Śākya (clan), 57, 95

Śākyamuni, xxv, xxxi, xxxix, 3, 22, 49, 69, 95, 98, 135, 240, 301 See also Bodhisattva; Buddha Śākyasiṃha, 250

See also Buddha; Lion of the Śākyas/ Sacred Lion among Humans Śālendrarāja, xxv, 21

samādhi(s), xvi-xxiii, xxv-xxxv, xxxviii-xlviii, 5-6, 15, 21, 25-29, 31-34, 38-41, 43, 46, 48, 54, 55, 61, 64, 65, 81, 87-91, 103, 105, 107, 110-111, 113, 115-118, 122-128, 131-134, 137, 139, 141, 142, 145, 147-149, 176, 177, 179-181, 184, 186, 187, 195, 203-206, 208-215, 217, 219, 229, 233, 237, 241, 242, 246, 247, 253-255, 257, 260-262, 265, 281, 285, 286, 289, 290, 293, 295, 296, 298, 302, 306, 307, 311, 316, 322, 325, 327, 330, 338, 342, 344, 346, 351n46, 351-352n48, 352n49 382

adamantine, 320, 322, 338 calm/tranquil, xxxi, xxxii, 27, 32, 41, 48, 81, 86, 88, 89, 103, 106, 115, 123-125, 131, 132, 176, 202, 206, 214-216, 232-235, 241, 249, 286, 288, 295, 297-299, 304, 309, 311 excellent, xxi, xxx-xxxii, xxxix, 26, 28, 29, 34, 41, 86, 103, 123, 124, 126, 128, 129, 131-132, 183, 203, 204, 235

meritorious/merit(s) of, 27, 29, 133 pure/stainless/undefiled/untainted, 213, 232-233, 236, 288, 289, 293, 309 supreme, xxxii, xli, xliv, xlvi, 115, 116, 123, 183, 206-209, 213, 214, 216, 231, 232, 234, 235, 260, 261, 286, 288, 289, 295, 299

See also concentration(s); meditation(s) Samādhirāja-sūtra, xiii-xix, xxi, xxv, xlviii, 351-352n48, 352n49 Chinese versions:

Daihui sanmei jing, xiv-xv Sanmei wang jing, xv

Sanmei wang sanmei jing, xvi Yuedeng sanmai jing, xiv-xv, 349n10 Yueming pusa jing, xv, 350n22, 352n49

Gilgit manuscript, xiv, xlviii, 351n47 Nepalese manuscripts A & B, xii-xiv, 351n47

See also Discourse to Prince Candraprabha, The Samantabhadra, forest of, xliv, 265, 274-276

Samantanetra, 113

Sambhara, 71

samsara, 104, 189

See also birth(s) and death(s) samyak-saṃbodhi. See enlightenment: supreme

Index

sandalwood, 21, 28, 66, 70, 260, 269, 282

See also incense: candana/sandalwood sangha, xxii, xxix, 331 See also Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha; monk(s): community/order Sanmei ming sanmei wang/Sanmai ming suoru sanmei, 350nn30, 31 Sanmei wang anli sanmei/Sanmei wang miao sanmei, 350nn28, 31 Sanskrit, xiii, xiv, xvi, xix, xxi, xlviii, 351nn42, 46, 47; 351-352n48, 352n53 Śāntacitta, 113

Śāntamānasa, 113

Śāntapraśānteśvara, 113 Śāntaśrī , 113

Śāntasudāntacitta, 113 Śāntendriya, 113

Śāntideva, xiii

Śāntiparaṅgata, 113

Śāntirāja, xlv, 284

Śāntiśūra, 113

Śāntottara, 113

Śāriputra, xxv, 22, 97 Sarvāstivāda school, xxiv Śatagiri, 73

Savior/Savior of the World, 4, 70, 89, 98, 100, 241

See also Buddha

scripture(s)/sutra(s), xiii, xiv, xvi, xviiixx, xxv, xxx, xxxiii, xxxiv, xxxvii, xxxviii, xl-xlv,13, 23, 41, 47, 48, 61, 62, 77, 80, 82, 89, 114-116, 121, 123, 133-136, 140, 142, 143, 150, 161, 170, 176, 177, 195, 216-218, 220, 228-232, 236, 239, 251, 254, 255, 265, 286-290, 297, 338, 347, 348, 352n49

Mahayana, xv, xvi, xviii Prajñāpāramitā, xvi, xvii 383

Index

scripture(s)/sutra(s) (continued): samādhi, xvi, xxxiii, xxxv, 131, 133, 134, 147, 177, 209, 342

Vaipulya, xlvii, 347

secret teaching, xli, 219-220, 222 secular households, 12, 31 See also householder(s); household life self, xxiii, xxiv, xxxiv, xliii, 43-45, 48, 61, 62, 92, 93, 107, 119, 134, 139, 179, 197, 266, 277, 296-298, 303, 308, 309, 333

-attachment/attachment to, xli, 92, 93, 219, 258, 266, 300, 334

See also nonself; selfless/selflessness self-confidence/self-reliance, 3, 14 self-control/self-restraint, xxxii, 110, 117, 119, 120, 194, 195, 202, 304, 308 self-enlightened. See pratyekabuddha(s) self-indulgence/self-indulgent, 92, 106, 194, 195, 215, 291, 302

selfless/selflessness, xxviii, 44, 45 46, 50, 51, 61, 62, 300, 304, 328 of dharmas, xxvii, xxviii, 44, 92, 307 Sengyou, xv, 349n13

sense fields, 255

sense objects, xx, 77, 188 sense organ(s), xxiv, 60, 188, 209, 217, 221, 281, 319, 332

five, 213, 262

six, xx, xxiv

senses, xx, 33, 63, 67, 113, 187, 188, 204, 240, 267, 276, 293

sensual desires/pleasures, 105, 107, 140, 204, 224, 277, 281-282, 289 five, 37, 139, 204, 263, 264 See also sexual/sexuality sermon(s)/speech(es), xx, xxviii, xxx, 4, 60-61, 65, 169, 246

servants and slaves, 26, 96, 206, 207, 234, 256, 275, 280, 282, 284 384

sexual/sexuality, xxii, 59, 215, 224, 229, 234, 245, 276

See also desire(s): carnal/lustful/ sensual/sexual; sensual desires/ pleasures

Shenri, 352n49

Shi Xiangong. See Xiangong signless/signlessness, xxxvi, xlvi, 14, 202, 276, 304, 305, 320

See also emptiness, marklessness/ signlessness, and wishlessness; markless/marklessness

Śikṣāsamuccaya, xiii

śīla. See moral discipline Śīlendrabodhi, xiv

Siṃhadhvaja, xxxi, 105

Śiribala, King, xxxii, 115-116, 125, 129 six perfections, xxxviii, 181, 245, 329, 340 of effort (vīrya), xxxviii of generosity/giving (dāna), xxxviii, 181, 253

of meditation (dhyāna), xxxviii, 293 of moral discipline (śīla), xxxviii, 293 of patience (kṣānti), xxxviii, 293 of wisdom (prajñā), xxxviii, xxxix, 95, 189, 277, 292

skandhas. See aggregate(s) skillful/skillful means/skillfulness, xxxviii, xli, xliii, xxxviii, 7-15, 18-19, 47, 118, 119, 121, 122, 179, 188, 194, 195, 198, 215, 219-221, 223, 246, 253, 270, 328, 330, 331, 333, 334, 336-338, 340, 345

slander/slandering, xxii, 31, 122, 127, 134, 183, 193-195, 197, 254, 302, 319, 335

soul(s), xxiii, xxv, 84, 179, 193, 202, 296, 297, 303, 321

See also self

sorrow/sorrowful, xlii, xliv, xlv, 49, 59, 64, 68, 121, 164, 217, 233, 247, 248, 262, 273, 275, 276, 292 See also grief

Southern Wu dynasty, xv speech, xxii, 6, 7, 23, 25, 80, 81, 88, 93, 117, 119, 124, 125, 147, 154, 168, 197, 203, 209, 210, 222, 227, 228, 287, 292, 298, 317, 318, 326, 338, 345 deceptive/evil, 5, 306, 315 gentle(ness), 7, 32, 327 harsh, xxii, 31

inconceivable, xxxvi, 153-154, 157, 167-168, 317

melodious, sixty types of, 320 moral discipline of, 6, 317-320 See also body, speech, and mind; eloquence; verbal designation(s)/ expression(s)

śramaṇa, 57, 100, 173, 222 See also renunciant(s) śrāvaka(s), 21, 35, 40, 46, 65, 95, 122, 182, 189, 190, 211, 230, 299, 340, 347 stage of, 32, 190, 199, 328 See also disciple(s) Śrīghoṣa, King, xlii, 245-247, 250 Sthitottara, 113

stupa(s), xli, xliv, 26, 173, 206, 224, 245-246, 260-261, 268, 269, 282, 283, 301, 302

See also caitya(s)

Subāhu, 66

Subhīṣma, 112

Subrahma, 112

Sūciroman, 73

Sudāntaśāntendriya, 113 Śuddhaghoṣa, 112

Śuddhajñāna, 113

Śuddhānta, 113

Śuddhāntacitta, 113 Index

Sudharmaśūra, 113

suffering, xxxii, 25, 34, 40, 60, 61, 65, 68, 78, 92-94, 105, 110, 120, 121, 145, 164, 188, 205, 207-209, 215, 223, 224, 233, 234, 249, 254, 256, 257, 259, 260, 262-264, 280, 281, 284, 285, 291-293, 304, 311, 316, 321, 324-326, 328, 336, 339, 341, 342, 344 cessation/termination of, 9, 19, 99, 125, 346

See also pain

Sugata, 25, 35, 53, 72, 81, 91, 93, 95, 208, 263, 296

See also Buddha

Sukhāvatī. See Pure Land/Pure Land of Bliss

Sukhāvatīvyūha-sūtra, xvi Sunetra, 112, 11321, 48, 74, 118, 124 supernatural/supranormal, 138, 149, 311, 328

abilities/faculties, 113, 305, 318 appearances/manifestation(s)/transformation(s), xxix, 74, 225, 247, 345 knowledge, 48, 315, 316, 334, 345 See also power(s), supernatural/supranormal Supuṣpacandra, xliv-xlv, 265-268, 272, 274, 275, 279, 280, 281, 284 Śūradatta, King, xliv, xlv, 269-270, 272-273, 279, 284

Sūryānana, 112

Susamantanetra, 113 Suteja, 112

Suvicintitārtha, xxviii, 54 Suvighuṣṭateja, 112 Suvimuktaghoṣa, 112 Suyāma, 270

Svabhāvadharmottaraniścita, 113 Svarāṅgaghoṣa, 111, 127 Svarāṅgaśabda, 112

385

Index

Svarāṅgaśūra, 112

Svarārcita, 112

Svarāvighuṣṭa, 112

syllable(s), 7, 19, 297, 326 See also letter(s); word(s) sympathetic joy, 64, 305, 321, 342 See also four immeasurable minds/four infinite states of mind/four sublime abodes

T

Takṣaka, 72

tathāgata(s), xxvi, xli, 16, 17, 22, 25-28, 33, 34, 37, 41, 65, 98, 101, 103, 113-115, 125, 131, 135, 136, 149, 198, 201, 210, 227, 238, 245, 250, 254, 262, 264, 266, 267, 281, 286, 289, 295, 299, 302, 310, 340, 345 See also buddha(s)

Tathāgata, xxvi, xxx, xxxv, xxxvii, 3, 4, 15, 23, 25, 33, 38, 43, 59, 65, 66, 71, 75, 79, 83, 85, 89, 91, 92, 94, 97, 98, 100, 103, 108, 109, 116, 121-124, 128, 132, 134, 135, 137, 147, 150-151, 170-172, 179, 187, 193, 194, 202, 204, 209, 211, 236, 238, 248, 261, 263, 264, 266, 274, 277, 281, 298, 301, 305, 317, 319, 320, 328, 330, 340, 342, 343, 351n46 body/form, xxxv, 84, 94, 147, 148, 150-152, 170

knowledge/wisdom, 23, 28, 31, 34, 46, 135, 147, 238

See also Buddha

Tejagaṇirāja, xxxix, 201 Tejasamudgata, 112

Tejeśvara, 111, 112

Tejobala, 112

Tejonetra, 112

386

Tejovad, 112

temple(s), xlvi, 173, 295, 301 See also monastery(ies)

ten good deeds, xxii, 296 threefold learning. See moral discipline, concentration, and wisdom three gates/gateways of deliverance/ liberation, 242, 305, 310, 318, 320 See also emptiness, marklessness/ signlessness, and wishlessness three realms, 9, 16, 32, 33, 69, 83-85, 94, 95, 101, 104, 110, 112, 114, 115, 119, 123, 180, 189, 204, 216, 234, 258, 267, 277, 278, 292, 307, 309, 325, 328-330, 334, 338, 341 desire, 83, 85, 270, 277 form, 25, 83, 85, 277

formless, xxiv, 25, 83, 85, 277 Tibetan, xiii, xiv, xvi, xxv, xlviii, 351n39 tranquil/tranquility, 5, 32, 50, 76, 78, 79, 80, 84, 85, 90, 92, 97, 99, 115, 117, 123, 188, 195, 196, 202-204, 214, 216, 217, 222, 226, 229, 232, 234, 276, 281, 297, 298, 299, 301, 302, 304, 307-309, 319, 336, 351n41 concentration/samādhi, 22, 23, 81, 86, 88, 89, 103, 106, 124, 131, 132, 214, 232-235, 241, 249, 286, 288, 298, 304

mind, 83, 115, 149, 233, 281, 298 path/way, xl, 212, 225

transcendence, 7, 8, 12, 19, 117, 118, 325, 326, 328

transgression(s), 8, 13, 118, 119, 121, 174, 215, 278, 328, 331, 336, 337 transmigration(s), xxxix, 223, 291, 298, 326

See also birth(s) and death(s); rebirth(s)

tree(s), xxiv, 25, 26, 53, 67, 73, 143, 170, 180, 201, 204, 225, 239, 240, 268-270, 295

banana (kadalī), 59, 201 banyan (nyagrodha), 201 breadfruit (lakuca), 201 campaka, 201

elapatra, 72

ficus religiosa/pippala, 201, 268 Indian fig (plakṣa), 201 karṇikāra, 201

mango (āmra), 201

palm, 53, 103, 306, 311 rose apple (jambu), 201 udumbara, 209, 260 See also bodhi tree; forest(s); wilderness trichiliocosm(s), 115, 286-288, 347 See also world(s): triple thousand/triple thousand-great thousand truth(s), xix, xx, xxii, xxv, xxviii, xxix, xxxv, xxxvi, xxxvii, xxxix, xlii, xliii, 6, 8, 13-15, 17, 18, 26, 27, 37, 60, 61, 64, 78, 85, 92, 97, 112, 121, 137, 166, 171, 193, 194, 203, 216, 228, 249, 255, 278, 290, 292, 320, 333, 338 absolute/definitive/ultimate, xxxv, 45, 64, 81, 93, 99, 116, 148, 171, 211, 287, 299, 307, 324 conventional/worldly, 298, 332 of dharmas, xxxviii, xxxv, xxxix, 19, 55, 77, 171, 195, 326 highest/profound/supreme, 150, 203, 204, 208

See also Dharma; Dharma-nature; Four Noble Truths

two extremes, 60, 278, 304 See also view(s): two extreme Index

U

Udraka, 61

universal monarch. See wheel-turning king(s)

Upananda, 72

upāsakas and upāsikās. See four groups of the Buddhist community; lay devotee(s)/disciples/follower(s); laymen and laywomen

V

Vaipulya. See scripture(s)/sutra(s): Vaipulya Vaiśravaṇa, 71

See also four guardian gods vajra(s), 226

Varapuṣpa, King, xlvi, 295-296, 299-301 Varuṇa, 72

vehicle(s), 122, 238 Vemacitrin, 71

verbal designation(s)/expression(s), 45, 75, 77, 85, 121, 148, 150, 204, 226-228, 232, 331, 334 See also speech

view(s), 14, 26, 36, 104, 147, 202, 339, 341

evil, 226, 265

erroneous/false/mistaken/wrong, xxii, xxxv, 44, 45, 134, 144, 179, 191, 202, 209, 288, 297, 303, 315, 321, 323, 343

heretical/non-Buddhist, 104, 288, 292, 340

right, 48, 121, 190, 315 of self, 93, 134

two extreme, 104, 329 Vighuṣṭaghoṣa, 112 387

Index

Vighuṣṭajñāna, 112

Vighuṣṭanetra, 113

Vighuṣṭaśabda, 112

Vighuṣṭateja, 112

Vinaya. See code of moral discipline/ precepts; monastic(s): code Vīrasena, 66

virtue(s), xx, xxi, xxiii, xxvi, xxx, xxxiii, xlii, xliv, xlvi, 5, 10, 15, 17, 32, 33, 80, 81, 83, 87, 89, 90, 95, 98, 107, 108, 118, 119, 128, 169, 170, 175, 187, 189, 190, 197, 202, 205, 208, 211, 214, 231, 245, 251, 260, 275, 304, 323, 335, 342

of Buddha/buddhas/Tathāgata/tathāgatas, xxvi, xxx, xlvii, 16, 23, 25, 26, 33, 74, 83, 84, 90, 91, 93, 95, 99, 115, 124, 132, 136, 190, 202, 204, 206, 209, 239, 240, 303-305, 310, 318, 320, 322, 342, 343, 345 Virūḍhaka, 71

See also four guardian gods Virūpākṣa, 71

See also four guardian gods Viśeṣacintin, King, xlvii, 306, 311 Viśuddhaghośeṣvara, 112

Viśuddhānana, 113

Viśuddhanetra, 113

voice(s), xxxvi, xlii, 53, 6, 30, 94, 95, 100, 131, 143, 148, 169, 210, 214, 232, 239, 247, 249, 276, 280, 287, 299, 308, 313, 320, 322, 334, 345 of the bodhisattva, four kinds, 154 of buddha/Buddha/Tathāgata/teacher, 19, 25, 27, 49, 53, 94-96, 99, 100, 125, 133, 135, 140, 170, 172, 203, 238, 240

vow(s), xxxi, xxxix, xlviii, 88, 92, 127, 128, 176, 183, 184, 187, 248, 254, 264, 276

great, xx, xxiii, 4, 127 388

W

water that possesses eight merits/virtues, 225, 239

Way, the, 95, 203, 224, 239 Wei dynasty, xv-xvi

wheel, 269, 324

mark/symbol of, 67, 271, 280 See also Dharma wheel

wheel-turning king(s), xvii, 232, 235, 271

wilderness, xxxix, 37, 188, 195-198 See also forest(s); tree(s) wisdom, xxiv, xxx, xxxviii, 4, 14, 28, 29, 32, 56, 57, 61, 75, 85, 87, 88, 91, 93, 95, 99, 100, 105, 111, 113, 118, 123, 132, 134, 170, 189, 190, 198, 209, 216, 217, 219, 223, 224, 227-229, 231, 232, 235, 240, 271, 276, 292, 315, 338

of Buddha/Tathāgata, xxxv, 25, 28, 32, 34, 45, 135, 180, 195, 220, 231, 238, 342, 344

complete/faultless/perfect/stainless/ supreme/true, xxiii, xxxiv, 93, 150, 224, 228, 231, 283

excellent/great/profound, 85, 93, 120, 124, 225, 229, 232, 274

immeasurable/imperishable/inconceivable/infinite, 92, 131, 232, 317, 345 keenness of, 6, 326

perfection of, xxxix, 189, 277, 292 treasury of, 29, 197-199 unhindered/unimpeded, 80, 92, 196, 318

See also knowledge; moral discipline, concentration, and wisdom; six perfections

wishless/wishlessness, 14, 220, 232, 240, 305, 320, 339

See also emptiness, marklessness/signlessness, and wishlessness

woman/women, xxiii, xlii, xlv, 26, 59, 68, 211, 224, 237, 242, 246, 247, 261, 269, 270-272, 274, 277

body(ies), transformation of, 231, 251, 261, 271

See also female(s)

word(s), xxxi, xxxvi, xl, xlii, xliii, 7, 9-10, 12-14, 48, 50, 53, 64, 76, 83, 85, 88, 99, 100, 108, 114, 119, 121, 125, 134, 141, 145, 147, 148, 169, 171, 172, 208, 213, 219- 221, 227, 232, 249, 256, 258, 265, 268, 273, 280, 282, 286, 287, 296-298, 300, 306, 307, 326, 330, 331, 336, 344, 347 of Buddha/buddhas/Tathāgata/tathāgatas, 32, 63, 83, 94, 172, 208, 209, 211, 213, 220, 230, 286, 318 astonishing/marvelous/wonderful/ wondrous, 97, 98, 103, 258 beautiful, 99, 241, 291, 304 disagreeable/fearful/harsh/rude/terrible/ unkind, 62, 63, 80, 126, 144, 274, 301, 318, 319, 331

gentle/good/kind/loving/peaceful/ pleasant, 27, 80, 120, 144, 205, 208, 213, 216, 281

meaning(s) of, xxxvi, 9, 114, 120, 121, 169, 287, 331

meaningless/untrue/useless, 47, 85, 100, 213

one, discourse/speech of, 19, 338, 346 pure/stainless, 144, 208, 304 true, 63, 84, 92, 93, 95, 142, 144, 148, 174, 213, 229, 249, 303, 304 See also language(s); letter(s); syllable(s) world(s), xvii, xviii, xx, xxiii-xxvi, xxviii, xxxii-xxxv, xxxix, xlv, xlvi, 10, 18, 20, 21, 27, 31, 33, 39, 45, 49, 50, 53, 54, 59, 61, 63, 79, 81, 83, 85, Index

86, 88, 89, 92, 94, 95, 98-100, 103, 111, 114, 116, 120, 124, 125, 128, 135, 139, 141, 145, 149, 151, 174-176, 180, 181, 184, 193, 196, 202, 209, 214, 216, 226, 228, 229, 233, 235, 236, 238-242, 248, 249, 254, 265, 271, 275, 276, 278, 281-283, 285-289, 291-293, 295, 298, 303, 304, 306, 311, 312, 315, 329, 334, 347 apart/removed/seclusion/solitude from, 37, 139, 190, 196, 302

Brahmā, 53, 312

defiled/evil, xxvi, 78, 82, 134 eye(s), 5, 290

human(s)/living beings/people/sentient beings of, xlv, 48, 49, 85, 223, 233, 234, 237, 250, 277, 281, 283, 287, 303, 310

immeasurable/innumerable/unlimited, 4, 238, 287, 293

knowledge of, 11, 116, 119, 332 lamp(s) for, 112, 194, 210, 229, 232, 292, 304

leader(s)/parent(s)/rulers/teacher(s) of, 4, 21, 26, 33, 112, 118-120, 132, 149, 152, 193, 225, 233, 239, 281, 290

renouncing/renunciation of, 21, 36-41, 85, 119, 230, 290, 334

sahā, 22, 73, 348

triple thousand/triple thousand-great thousand, xli, 20, 53, 100, 220, 248, 275, 311, 312

Yama, 67, 311, 313

See also buddha land(s)/realm(s)/ world(s)

World-honored One, 40, 43, 46, 47, 53, 61, 65, 72, 77, 84, 87, 91, 103, 109, 131, 143, 147, 148

See also Buddha

389