T2186 Expository Commentary on the Vimalakīrti Sutra

Chapter 14: Entrustment

Chapter Fourteen

Entrustment

This chapter depicts the Buddha's concerns and his entrustment of [the sutra]; this chapter gets its name because of his concern [and his entrustment of the sutra] to Ānanda.

This is the second aspect of the dissemination of the teaching, the actual commission to disseminate it. This unfolds in three parts: first it is given to Maitreya, next it is given to Ānanda, and finally various people joyfully accept it and put it into practice.

The first part, giving [the sutra] to Maitreya, has four more parts. The first is actually giving [it to Maitreya]. The second is Maitreya's accepting this teaching. The third, from "The Buddha said,

'Excellent, [excellent],

'"

is the Tathāgata's expression of affirmation [for Maitreya's acceptance]. The fourth part, from "At this, all of the bodhisattvas [put their palms together], "

shows the rest of the bodhisattvas also accepting the teaching and making a vow to disseminate it.

The first part, actually giving [the teaching] to Maitreya, is further divided into three sections. The first is the actual bestowal of the sutra. The second, from "Sutras of this sort,

" is the exhortation to disseminate [the teaching]. The third, from "Maitreya, you should know,

" explains the errors that will be eliminated through the dissemination [of this sutra]. Overall, this deals with an admonishment regarding three categories of two kinds [of bodhisattvas and their understanding of the profound Dharma]; these can be understood. The second part, Maitreya's acceptance of the teaching, is from "Maitreya Bodhisattva, [upon hearing this teaching]"; this is further divided into three sections. The first is his acceptance of the admonishment to abandon the evils given in the third section above. The second, from "I will maintain the Tathāgata's [Dharma], " is his acceptance of the first aspect, the actual bestowal of the sutra. The third section, from "If, in the future, " is his acceptance of the

second aspect above, the exhortation to disseminate the teaching. 249

64c

Expository Commentary on the Vimalakīrti Sutra

I will not explicate the third part, that is, the Tathāgata's expression of affirmation.

The fourth part, the rest of the skilled [bodhisattvas] making a vow to disseminate [the teaching], has two parts. The first shows the various bodhisattvas vowing to disseminate [the teaching]. The second depicts the four heavenly kings vowing to protect those who recite the sutra. From "At that time, the Buddha spoke to Ānanda" is the second part of this chapter, bestowing [this sutra] to Ānanda. This is further divided into three parts. The first is the Buddha giving [it to Ānanda]. The second is [Ānanda's] receiving the teaching and inquiring as to its name. The third part is the Buddha's explaining to him [the name of the sutra]. From "When the Buddha had finished teaching this sutra" is the third part of this chapter, wherein various people joyfully accept it and put it into practice.

250

Back Matters

Glossary

anuttarā samyaksaṃbodhi:Complete, perfect awakening. See also bodhi. arhat ("one who is worthy" of offerings): A saint who has completely eradicated the passions and attained liberation from the cycle of birth and death (samsara); arhatship is the highest of the four stages of spiritual attainment in the Hinayana, considered to be surpassed by the practitioners of the Mahayana. See also field of merit; Hinayana; samsara.

asura:A class of supernatural beings; a demigod. attributes: See perceptual attributes.

bodhi:Awakening; the state of the highest perfection of wisdom. bodhicitta:Lit.,

"mind (citta) of awakening (bodhi),

" the aspiration or intention to attain

awakening undertaken by a bodhisattva in order to help other sentient beings to liberation. See alsobodhisattva. bodhisattva ("awakening being"): One who has engendered the profound aspiration to achieve awakening (bodhicitta) on behalf of all sentient beings; the spiritual ideal of the Mahayana. See also bodhicitta;Mahayana; perfections. bodhitree: The tree under which a buddha attains awakening. buddhahood: The state of becoming or being a buddha; the goal of the bodhisattva path. buddha land: A cosmic world or realm in which a particular buddha dwells. Also called buddha realm.

deva:A class of supernatural beings; a god or divine being. dhāraṇī:A powerful verbal incantation or mantra; a mnemonic device for the recollection of Buddhist doctrine.

dharma:Any phenomenon, thing, or element; the elements that make up the perceived phenomenal world.

Dharma: The truth, law; the teachings of the Buddha. Dharma body (dharmakāya): The manifestation of the Buddha as ultimate reality or suchness. See also suchness.

251

Glossary

Dharma-nature: The essential nature of all phenomena, the same as true suchness and the Dharma. See alsoDharma body; suchness.

dhyāna:Meditation; a state of meditative concentration and absorption. eighteen realms (dhātus): The realms of sensory experience brought about by the interaction of the six sense organs with their corresponding objects, and their resulting consciousnesses, totaling eighteen. See also entrances; sense organs; senses. emptiness (śūnyatā): The absence of any independent or unchanging essence of the self and all phenomena (dharmas); all dharmas arise only through the interdependent origination of causes and conditions (pratītyasamutpāda).

entrances (āyatanas): The six sense organs of eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, and mind and their six corresponding objects: form, sound, smell, taste, tangible objects, and mental objects, totaling twelve. See alsosense organs; senses. field of excellence. See"field of merit.

"

field of merit: Those saints who are worthy of respect and offerings (arhats), who will in turn generate merit for those who donate to them. See alsoarhat. four continents: According to Buddhist cosmology, the four large land masses in the ocean around Mount Sumeru, each in one of the four cardinal directions, which comprise the world of human beings. See alsoMount Sumeru.

four elements: The four physical elements that constitute material things (dharmas)— earth, fire, water, and wind.

four heavenly kings: The guardian gods of the four cardinal directions, rulers of the four continents. See alsofour continents.

four immeasurables (brāhma-vihāras): Four mental states or qualities to be cultivated by bodhisattvas—kindness (maitrī), compassion (karuṇā), joy (muditā), and equanimity (upekṣā). Also called four unlimited states of mind. four majestic postures: The four basic physical postures of walking, standing, sitting, and lying down; a Buddhist practitioner strives to maintain mindfulness in all of these postures. See alsomindfulness.

four noble truths: The basic doctrine of Buddhism: (1) the truth of suffering, (2) the truth of the cause of suffering, (3) the truth of the cessation of suffering, and (4) the truth of the path that leads to nirvana. See alsonirvana.

gandharva:A heavenly musician.

garuḍa:A mythological being in the form of a giant bird.

Hinayana ("Small Vehicle"): A term applied by Mahayana Buddhists to various early schools of Buddhism whose primary soteriological aim is taken to be individual salvation. Hinayana followers are grouped into the two categories of śrāvakas and 252

Glossary

pratyekabuddhas and there are four stages of spiritual attainment, culminating in arhatship. See also arhat; Mahayana; pratyekabuddha; śrāvaka; stream-enterer. kalpa:An eon, an immensely long period of time.

kiṃnara:A class of mythological beings, half bird and half human, that make celestial music.

lion's roar: A metaphor for great eloquence in teaching the Dharma. Mahayana ("Great Vehicle"): A form of Buddhism that developed in India around 100 B.C.E. and which exalts as its religious ideal the bodhisattva, a great being who aspires to awakening on behalf of all sentient beings. See alsobodhisattva. mahoraga:A class of snake-like mythological beings.

Maitreya: The future Buddha, currently still a bodhisattva. See also bodhisattva. Manjuśrī: The bodhisattva who represents wisdom. See alsobodhisattva. Māra: The Evil One, the personification of the realm of desire; a symbol of the afflictions that hinder progress on the path to buddhahood. See alsobuddhahood. mindfulness: A fundamental Buddhist practice of maintaining awareness and clear observation during all one's activities, physical or mental, in order to develop insight into the impermanent nature of all things.

Mount Sumeru: In Buddhist cosmology, the highest mountain rising from the center of the world, surrounded by an ocean in which the four continents that comprise the world of human beings are situated. See alsofour continents. nirvana: Liberation from samsara, a state in which all passions are extinguished and the highest knowing attained; bodhi,awakening. See also bodhi;samsara. One Vehicle (ekayāna): The Buddha vehicle, the Mahayana teaching that leads to complete awakening and attainment of buddhahood, contrasted with the teachings of the two Hinayana vehicles. The One Vehicle includes and transcends all three vehicles of the śrāvaka, pratyekabuddha,and bodhisattva paths. The Commentarynotes that the Vimalakīrti Sutra was taught before the One Vehicle was taught. See also bodhisattva; śrāvaka; pratyekabuddha; vehicle. pāramitā.See perfections.

perceptual attribute: The basic forms, features, or characteristics of phenomena (dharmas) such as color, sound, shapes, and the like. The absence of perceptual attribute is the nature of ultimate reality, nirvana, emptiness, suchness, etc. The Sanskrit equivalent of the majority of the twenty-plus instances of this term in Kumārajīva's translation of the Vimalakīrti Sutrais animitta,usually translated as "signless. " In the Commentary the term appears nearly five times as often and is of great concern, for buddhas and bodhisattvas are all devoid of perceptual attribute yet the Vimalakīrti Sutradescribes them as having particular names, forms, living in particular buddha 253

Glossary

lands, performing actions, etc. See also buddha land; dharma;emptiness; nirvana; suchness.

perfections (pāramitās): Six qualities to be perfected by bodhisattvas on their way to complete awakening—(1) charity or giving (dāna), (2) discipline or morality (śīla), (3) forbearance or patience (kṣānti), (4) exertion or perseverance (vīrya), (5) meditation (dhyāna), and (6) discerning awareness (prajñā). See also bodhisattva. prajñā:Discerning awareness; one of the perfections. See alsoperfections. pratyekabuddha("solitary enlightened one"): One of the two kinds of Hinayana sages, along with śrāvakas, who seek to reach the stage of arhat and attain nirvana. A pratyekabuddhaattains liberation through direct observation and understanding of the principle of interdependent origination (pratītyasamutpāda) without the guidance of a teacher, and does not teach others. See alsoarhat; Hinayana; śrāvaka. Śākyamuni: The historical Buddha, who lived in India in the fifth century B.C.E. and whose life and teachings form the basis for Buddhism.

samādhi:A mental state of concentration, focusing the mind on one point. samsara: The cycle of existence, the continuous round of birth and death through which beings transmigrate; the world of suffering, contrasted with the bliss of nirvana. See alsonirvana.

Śāriputra: A principal disciple of the Buddha. In several Mahayana sutras such as the Vimalakīrti Sutrathe figure of Śāriputra serves as an example of the inferior learning and understanding of the Hinayana śrāvaka path. See also Hinayana; śrāvaka. sense organs: The six sense organs of the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, and mind. See alsoeighteen realms; entrances; senses.

senses: The sense perceptions that correspond to the six sense organs—visual, auditory olfactory, gustatory, tactile, and mental perceptions. See also entrances; eighteen realms; sense organs.

skandhas: Psychophysical elements or forces; the five elements of form, feeling, conception, mental process, and consciousness that comprise the personality and give rise to the mistaken view of a permanent, inherent self.

skillful means (upāya): The various methods and means used by buddhas and bodhisattvas to guide and teach sentient beings, adapted to their different capacities. śramaṇa:Mendicant, monk; another name for a Buddhist monk, originally applied to those who maintained an ascetic practice.

śrāvaka("auditor"): Originally, a disciple of the Buddha, one of those who heard him expound the teachings directly; later, the term came to refer to one of the two kinds of Hinayana followers, along with pratyekabuddhas, to distinguish them from followers of the Mahayana. See alsoHinayana; Mahayana; pratyekabuddha. 254

Glossary

stream-enterer (srota-āpanna): The first of the four stages of spiritual attainment in the Hinayana; one who has entered the stream of the Dharma by destroying various wrong views. See alsoHinayana.

suchness: Ultimate reality; the state of things as they really are. Insight into the suchness of all phenomena, i.e., as empty of inherent self-existence, arising only through interdependent origination, is perfect knowing (prajñā). See also emptiness; prajñā. sutra: A Buddhist scripture, a discourse of the Buddha. Capitalized, the term refers to one of the three divisions of the Tripiṭaka. See alsoTripiṭaka. Tathāgata: An epithet for a buddha, meaning one who has gone to (gata) and come from (āgata) suchness (tathā), i.e., the embodiment of the truth of suchness. See also suchness.

Three Jewels: Buddha, Dharma (the teachings), and Sangha (the monastic community), also called the three refuges.

Tripiṭaka: The three divisions or "baskets" (piṭakas) of the Buddhist canon: the Sutras, discourses and teachings of the Buddha; the Vinaya, codes of monastic discipline; and the Abhidharma, scholastic treatises on the Buddhist teachings. triple world: The three realms of samsaric existence: the realm of desire (kāmadhātu), i.e., the world of ordinary consciousness accompanied by desires; the realm of form (rūpadhātu), in which desires have been eliminated but the physical body remains; and the formless realm (ārūpyadhātu), in which the physical body no longer exists. See alsosamsara.

underlying principle: The original or primordial way or truth of all things; emptiness; suchness. This concept is very important in the Sinitic understanding of the Commentarybut does not appear in Kumārajīva's translation of the Vimalakīrti Sutra. See also emptiness; suchness.

vehicle (yāna): The various Buddhist paths of practice. The two vehicles of the śrāvaka and pratyekabuddha, contrasted with the bodhisattva vehicle of the Mahayana. See alsoHinayana; Mahayana; One Vehicle; pratyekabuddha; śrāvaka. Vinaya: Precepts and rules of conduct for monastics; along with the Abhidharma and the Sutras, one of the three divisions of the Tripiṭaka. See alsoTripiṭaka. 255

Bibliography

Boin, Sara, trans. The Teaching of Vimalakīrti (Vimalakīrtinirdeśa).London: Pali Text Society, 1976. English translation of Étienne Lamotte's French translation of the Vimalakīrti Sutra(see below).

Hanayama, Shinshō, trans. Shōtoku Taishi bunka kyōbun Yuimagyōgisho zenyaku. Kyoto: Hyakkaen, 1971.

—

. Yuimagyōgisho.In Kokuyaku Issaikyō,vol. 16. Tokyo: Daitō Shuppansha, Shōwa 39. Revised edition Heisei 4.

Idumi, Hokei, trans.

"Vimalakirti's Discourse on Emancipation,

" The Eastern Buddhist,

vol. 2, no. 6 (1923): 358 -366; vol. 3, no. 1 (1924): 55-69; vol. 3, no. 2 (1924): 138-153; vol. 3, no. 3: 224-242; vol. 3, no. 4 (1925): 336-349; vol. 4, no. 1 (1925): 48-55; vol. 4, no. 2 (1927): 177-190; vol. 4, no. 3 (1927-1928): 348-366. Lamotte, Étienne, trans. L'

enseignement de Vimalakīrti.Louvain: Bibliothèque du Muséon, 1962.

Luk, Charles (Lu Ku'an Yü), trans. The Vimalakīrti Nirdeśa Sūtra.Berkeley, CA: Sham bhala, 1972. McRae, John R., trans. The Vimalakīrti Sutra.Berkeley, CA: Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research, 2004.

Taishō University Institute for Comprehensive Studies of Buddhism. Vimalakīrtinir deśa and Jñānālokālaṃkāra: Transliterated Sanskrit Text Collated with Tibetan and Chinese Translations.Tokyo: Taishō University Press, 2004. Thurman, Robert A. F., trans. The Holy Teaching of Vimalakīrti: A Mahāyāna Scripture. University Park, PA and London: Pennsylvania University Press, 1976. Watson, Burton, trans. The Vimalakirti Sutra. New York: Columbia University Press, 1997.

257

Index

A

Abhirati 6, 147

affliction(s) 13, 68, 82, 93, 114, 121, 127, 159, 171, 202, 223

mental 68, 82, 92, 120-121, 126, 127, 131, 141, 142, 152, 160, 172, 179, 183, 185, 203, 212, 228

nine 211

ten 13

Āgamas 98

Ajita Keśakambala 89

Akṣobhya 6, 147, 225, 235, 239, 240 alms, almsbowl, almsgiver(s), alms-giving 78, 79, 81, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 89, 90, 92, 93

Āmrapālī 7, 8, 21, 22, 23, 24, 147, 152-154, 225 analysis, analytic xiv, xv, xvi, 32, 33, 71, 114

Ānanda 6, 7, 8, 9, 21, 22, 23, 55, 63, 64, 112-115, 225-227, 228-229, 249, 250

Aniruddha 100-101

anuttarā samyaksaṃbodhi(see also awakening, perfect, supreme; bodhi; enlightenment) 134

apparition(s) (see alsospirits) 94, 127 arhat, arhatship (see alsoholy one; sage) 28, 53, 105, 181, 186, 197, 198, 207, 227

aspiration(s) 5, 15, 18, 37, 43, 44, 48, 57, 96, 126, 136, 169, 185, 186, 228, 240 for awakening, bodhi, mind of (see also bodhicitta; bodhi, mind) 46, 84, 139, 189, 191, 193, 212 asura(s) 21

attachment(s) 4, 9, 34, 49, 60, 78, 80, 82, 88, 92, 94, 103, 110, 118, 124, 126, 128, 151, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 168, 171, 173, 178, 179, 180, 182, 185, 200, 205, 216, 228, 235, 236, 237, 238

four 117-118

austerities 77

awakening 27, 28, 29, 122, 129, 130, 212 aspiration for, mind of (see also bodhicitta; bodhi,mind of) 84, 131, 189, 191, 193

future 122, 241

perfect, supreme 52, 134, 144, 189, 193 seven factors of 186

site of 128-132, 244, 245 true 3, 130, 158

awareness 37, 52, 141, 213 discerning (see also prajñā) xvi, 14, 15, 18, 19, 30, 37, 47, 48, 49, 52, 59, 60, 63, 66, 68, 95, 96, 140, 142, 149, 150, 151, 178, 182-183, 186, 187, 194, 202, 213, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 244

B

bhikṣu(s) 8, 9, 20, 21, 95, 96, 97, 102, 103, 106, 107, 112, 220

bhikṣunīs 9

259

Index

birth(s) (see alsorebirth) 19, 43, 44, 48, 58, 60, 70, 74, 75, 81, 100, 104, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 126, 131, 140, 151, 156, 159, 182, 185, 186, 206, 207, 227, 238, 239

and death, extinction 70, 74, 98, 99, 100, 198, 206, 216, 235, 238, 239 eight difficult conditions of (see also eight difficult places, situations) 91, 92

four kinds of 144

in the pure land 43, 44, 45, 46, 223 three states of 126

birthless, birthlessness 118, 119, 120, 121 bodhi(see alsoawakening; enlightenment) 118, 119-121, 122-123, 124-129, 138, 139, 140, 178, 200, 207, 212, 245 mind (see also bodhicitta) 56, 123, 124, 130, 140, 193, 227

bodhicitta(see alsoawakening, aspiration for, mind of; bodhi, mind; enlightenment, intention, mind for; unprecedented aspiration, resolve) 135, 143

bodhisattva(s) xvi, 7, 8, 9-10, 12, 13, 15-20, 33, 34, 35-42, 43, 45, 47, 48-49, 50, 52, 65, 84, 117, 124, 128, 132, 133, 134, 136, 137, 142, 145, 147, 148, 149, 151,152, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 164, 166, 167, 168, 170, 171, 174, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 182, 183, 185, 186, 187, 189, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 204, 208, 209, 210, 212, 213, 215, 216, 217, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 238, 239, 244, 249, 250 buddha land(s), land(s), pure land(s) 5, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41 conjured 219, 220-222

260

of the eighth level and above 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 132 illness of, who are ill 151, 152, 154, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 175, 178, 182, 183, 184, 195, 231 newly declared, trained 3, 150, 154, 166, 168, 170, 189, 191, 192, 193-196, 199, 200, 220 practice(s) 33, 36, 41, 47, 171, 183, 184-187, 196, 225

of the upper ranks, regions 196, 199, 223, 226, 227, 228, 229

virtue(s), virtuous qualities 13, 16, 17, 19

bodhitree 25, 28

body, speech, and mind 13, 24, 25, 141, 150

bond(s), bondage (see alsofetter) 15, 91, 92, 110, 179, 180-183 Book of History 231

Brahmā(s) 58, 100, 232

heavens, worlds 60, 185

king(s), King 20, 50, 51, 100, 101 brahmadevas 20

brahman(s) 60, 112, 143

Buddha (see alsoBuddha-Dharma; Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha; Śākyamuni; Tathāgata) 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 14, 21, 22, 23, 25-26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 50, 51-52, 55, 57, 58, 65-66, 76, 84, 90, 97, 101, 102, 103, 104, 106, 112, 114, 115, 117, 127, 128, 134, 144, 147, 151, 156, 157, 180, 190, 203, 206, 207, 211, 212, 220, 221, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 232, 235-236, 237, 238, 239, 243, 246, 249, 250 and Ānanda 6, 9, 113, 114, 115, 116, 225, 226, 228, 229, 250

and Aniruddha 100

awareness, knowing 11, 25, 31, 33, 30, 37, 52, 122

body(ies) 25, 30, 63, 114, 150, 235, 236, 238

and the Heavenly Emperor 243-244, 246, 247

intent, intention(s) 8, 9, 55, 63, 64, 76, 157, 168, 228

Jewel (see alsoThree Jewels) 12, 29 and Jewel Accumulation 5, 24, 34, 43 and Kāśyapa 77, 84

and Katyāyana 97-98, 99 and Maintains the World 132-133, 137 and Maitreya 117, 249 and Mañjuśrī 23, 147, 148-150, 154, 156, 157, 167

merit(s) 128, 196, 199 path, way (see alsoWay) 12, 13, 17, 18, 39, 44, 57, 76, 110, 130, 209-210, 228

power(s) 33, 51, 53, 186 and Pūrṇa Maitrāyaniputra 94 and Rāhula 112

and Śāriputra 6, 50, 226, 227, 235, 239, 240

and Shining Adornment 129 speech, word(s) 25, 26, 30, 32, 119, 180, 206

and Subhūti 86, 89, 90 and Sunakṣatra 181

teaching(s) 13, 27, 56, 57, 85, 90, 97, 236

and Upāli 103, 106

buddha(s) xvi, 5, 8, 14, 18, 19, 24, 30, 35-36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 43, 48, 56, 58, 82, 89, 93, 117, 128, 131, 132, 142, 148, 149, 150, 151, 163, 164, 186, 189, 191, 192, 204, 206, 207, 208, 219, 221, 223, 226, 228, 229, 231, 232, 236, 240, 241, 243, 244 body(ies) 61, 63, 64, 142, 236 Index

eighteen unique traits of 132 path, way 18, 84, 109, 129, 142, 186, 187, 209

Buddha-Dharma 7, 11, 13, 15, 57, 132, 175, 187, 201, 203, 212, 220 Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha (see also Three Jewels) 141

buddhahood 15, 19, 27, 28, 33, 41, 47, 48, 49, 77, 83, 117, 119, 120, 121, 127, 129, 131, 132, 135, 142, 144, 187, 193, 198, 210, 212, 231 buddha land(s), realm(s), world(s) xiv, 5, 20, 33, 34, 35-40, 42, 43, 47, 49, 52, 132, 142, 151, 162, 187, 226, 228, 229, 232, 239, 240 Buddhism xiii, xv

Buddhist(s) xiv, xvi, xvii, 44, 57, 89 Bukkyō Dendō Kyōkai, BDK America xvii

C

cakravartin. Seewheel-turning sage-king capacity(ies) 11, 15, 69, 76, 95, 97, 148, 189, 193, 212, 229

inferior 148, 215, 219 middling 148, 195, 209 spiritual 6, 7, 8, 16, 17, 19, 20, 30, 34, 36, 37, 57, 58, 65, 67, 76, 95, 96, 98, 107, 108, 118, 137, 152, 161, 209, 226

superior 148, 189

three 147-148, 215

cessation 67, 132, 211 China xiii, xiv

Chinese xiii, xiv, xv, xvi, xvii, 3, 4, 20, 21 Chinese Buddhist Electronic Text Association (CBETA) xvi Commentary(see alsoExpository Commentary on the Vimalakīrti Sūtra) xiii-xvi, 195, 209

261

Index

compassion (see alsokindness) 3, 5, 12, 25, 34, 77, 78, 85, 159, 176, 179, 199, 231

great 3, 30, 76, 139, 144, 150, 151, 154, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 176, 179, 195, 204, 209, 223, 245 concentration(s) (see alsodhyāna; meditation) 13, 26, 46, 47, 48, 63, 81, 83, 95, 96, 111, 127, 140, 182, 186, 187, 211

Conch Crested Hair 50, 51 D

dāna(see alsoperfection, of dāna; practice, of generosity, giving) 83, 140 defilement(s) 16, 36, 43, 49, 52, 70, 92, 104, 105, 209, 210, 211-212 deity(ies) (see also deva; god; goddess) 20, 37, 48, 58, 75, 77, 79, 112, 117, 118, 211

demon(s), devil(s) (see also Māra) 11, 57, 60, 134, 136

desire, anger, and ignorance (see also three poisons) 86, 87, 203 deva(s) (see alsodeity; god; goddess) 21, 244

Deva-Māra (see alsoMāra) 11, 26 dhāraṇī(s) 13, 56, 245

dharma(s) 14, 15, 17, 18, 26, 27, 34, 73, 80, 86, 87, 89, 98, 99, 104-105, 106, 108, 121, 126, 128, 131, 132, 141, 142, 152, 172, 173-174, 175, 176, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 191, 196, 199, 200, 202, 205, 206, 223-224, 232, 238, 245, 246 conditioned 108, 129, 130, 140 eight 204, 211, 223-224

emptiness of 69, 72, 105, 106, 172, 173

two 174, 175

262

Dharma (see alsoBuddha-Dharma; Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha) 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 17, 21, 22-23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 45, 49, 57, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64, 69-76, 79, 81, 82, 84, 89, 93, 94, 95, 97, 103, 106, 115, 128, 131, 132, 133, 134, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 149, 151, 168, 180, 187, 190, 191, 201, 203, 204, 220, 222, 224, 226, 229, 230, 232, 233, 236, 237, 238, 240, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 249 delight in 132, 134-135, 136 essentials of 97, 149, 244 eye 53, 189

gate(s) 11, 13, 57, 149, 215-216, 217, 230

gift of 137, 138, 139, 142, 143, 144 Great Vehicle, Mahayana 135, 204, 223, 244

jewel(s), Jewel (see alsoThree Jewels) 12, 16, 17, 29, 233

offering 240, 243, 244, 245-246 profound, unprecedented 29, 84, 135, 147, 249

true 12, 13, 60, 82, 139, 140, 141 wheel 14, 15, 28, 187

Dharma body 15, 16, 17, 19, 23, 24, 59, 63, 64, 79, 112, 113-114, 139, 141, 144, 165, 166, 200, 235, 236-237, 238

dharmadhātu 25

Dharma King (see alsoBuddha) 25, 26, 27, 30

Dharma-nature 72, 73, 126, 185 dhātu.Seerealm(s), eighteen dhūtas. Seeausterities

dhyāna(see alsoconcentration; meditation; perfection, of dhyāna) 140, 211 Digital Dictionary of Buddhism xvi

disciple(s) xvi, 9, 50, 55, 58, 65-66, 68, 76, 77, 82, 83, 84, 90, 94, 97, 100, 102, 106, 112, 115, 133, 151, 180, 181, 191, 200, 225, 227

five 28, 29

ten 66, 68, 77, 84, 94, 97, 100, 102, 106, 112, 202

donor(s) 77, 137, 143, 144 Dresser, Marianne xvii

E

eight difficult places, situations (see also birth, eight difficult conditions of) 48, 222, 223

eight fallacies, wrongs 78, 81 eightfold correct, noble path 81, 186, 211 eight winds 29

elder(s) xvi, 5, 6, 22, 23, 24, 25, 33, 58, 60, 61, 64, 107, 108, 111, 149, 155, 156, 189, 191, 202, 205

elements 166, 217

five 75, 197, 215

four 61-62, 164, 166, 172, 216, 237 eloquence, eloquent (see alsolion's roar) 13, 56, 65, 77, 106, 202, 203 emptiness(es) 18, 33, 56, 61, 67, 71, 74, 75, 81, 82, 85, 87, 88, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 98, 99, 104, 105, 106, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127-128, 131, 140, 142, 161, 171, 175, 177, 182, 183, 185, 187, 196, 197, 198, 199, 202, 203, 206, 207, 208, 215, 217, 231, 236, 245 contemplation of 10, 127, 172, 173, 215

of dharmas, phenomena 69, 72, 105, 106, 162, 172, 173, 245

meaning of 97, 99, 163

one 82, 216, 217

practices of 40, 118, 231 Index

of provisional designation 69-70, 110, 172

of the sense concsiousnesses, objects, organs 72, 73, 74, 75, 186 of sentient beings 70, 122 teaching(s) of 39, 61, 62, 120 three 74, 135, 197

true, ultimate 126, 173, 175, 197 of the underlying principle 70, 71, 74, 75, 79, 80, 126, 162-163, 197, 198, 199, 206, 245

understanding of 56, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 140, 182, 183

enlightenment (see alsoawakening; bodhi) 91, 131, 213

intention, mind for (see alsobodhicitta) 64, 134, 135 thirty-seven factors of 68, 129, 130 entanglement(s) 10, 25, 33, 47, 78, 81, 82, 86, 88, 91, 92, 93, 109, 110, 111, 113, 128, 183, 198, 201, 231, 235, 238, 239

evil destinies 18, 19, 176, 195 three 43, 44, 45, 46, 48, 75, 92 Excellence Attained 139

Expository Commentary on the Vimalakīrti Sūtra(see alsoCommentary) xiii, 1

extinction (see alsonirvana) 28, 31, 74, 97, 98, 99-100, 105, 106, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 169, 171, 173, 176, 184, 187, 190, 197, 198-199, 206, 213, 216, 235, 238, 246

F

faith 7, 14, 16, 110, 129, 131, 134, 148, 193, 213, 219

Fakong 31

fetter(s) (see alsobond, bondage) 43, 44, 142, 192, 220

263

Index

field(s) 212

of eradication 81, 82, 83, 91, 92, 93 of excellence, excellent merit, merit 78, 81, 82, 83, 84, 86, 90, 91, 92-93, 142, 144

of knowing 81, 91, 92, 93 sense. Seesense(s)

five desires 79, 134, 135 five heinous crimes, offenses 45, 88 five periods of the Buddha's teaching 28, 29

five skandhas 61, 62, 79, 80, 97, 99, 110, 173, 174-175, 177, 190, 199, 237 Flaming Tuft of Hair. SeeŚikhin four fearlessnesses 128, 129, 131, 132 four heavenly kings 60, 250 four immeasurable minds, four pure strivings 130, 169, 185 four means of attraction 130, 137, 141, 223

Four Noble Truths (see alsotruths, four) 28, 131

four reliances 246

Fujita, Issho xvii

G

gandharva(s) 21

Ganges River 52

garuḍa(s) 21

god(s) (see alsodeity; deva) 16, 20, 118, 121, 123, 124, 189, 193, 221 goddess(es) (see alsodeity; deva) 133, 134, 136-137, 196, 200-201, 202, 203, 204, 205-208, 238 Golden Grain (see alsoVimalakīrti) 55 Good Virtue 137-139, 143, 144 great being(s) (see also mahāsattva) 10, 13, 15, 23, 82, 83, 87, 129, 130, 135, 136, 151, 152, 158, 159, 163, 175, 176, 213, 219, 221, 223, 231 264

Great Sage (see alsoBuddha; Sage) 25, 30

Great Vehicle (see alsoMahayana) 3, 9, 15, 204, 205

Great Way (see alsoWay) 95, 96 Gyōnen xiv

H

Hanayama Shinshō xv

heaven(s) 10, 11, 12, 21, 29, 135, 141, 186, 231

Brahmā 60

long-life 48

of the thirty-three deities 20 heavenly 232

beings 20, 28, 51, 52, 94 palaces 51, 134, 136, 137 Heavenly Emperor (see alsoIndra) 20, 240, 243-244, 246, 247 hell(s), endless, of the five interminable sufferings 112, 210

heretic(s), heretical 13, 173, 180 Hinayana (see alsoSmall Vehicle) 66, 67, 69, 76, 95, 96, 99, 107, 152 holy one(s) (see alsoarhat; sage) 121, 174, 181

Hōryūji xiii

householder 55, 58, 107-109, 110, 111 Hundred Verses 231

I

illness(es) 113, 114, 115, 147, 150, 152, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 176, 177, 179, 183 of bodhisattvas 151, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 172, 195 of Buddha, great beings, sages 115, 158, 161

of ignorance and attachment 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161

Index

of sentient beings 152, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 165, 166, 176, 177, 179

of Vimalakīrti 3, 5, 9, 23, 58, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 94, 97, 100, 101, 106, 112, 115, 117, 128, 132, 137, 144, 145, 147, 148, 150, 151-152, 154-155, 156, 157, 159, 160, 161, 164, 165, 166, 167, 187, 195 impartial, impartiality 11, 25, 29, 68, 78, 85, 87, 126, 129, 144, 164, 173, 174, 175, 195, 223, 229, 231 impermanence 53, 60, 61, 62, 64, 66, 97, 99, 118, 168, 195, 233, 246 Indian 3, 124

Indra(s) (see alsoHeavenly Emperor; Śakra Devānām Indra) 20, 58, 60, 133, 240, 243, 244

intention(s) 28, 42, 64, 79, 100, 109, 143, 227, 239

of the Buddha, Sage 8, 43, 55, 63, 64, 76, 168, 227, 228

for enlightenment (see also bodhicitta) 134, 135

interdependent origination 14, 16 J

Japan, Japanese xiii, xiv, xv Jewel Accumulation xvi, 5, 22, 23, 24, 25, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40-41, 42, 43, 48, 49

Jeweled Canopy 244, 247

Jewel Mountains 21

Jōgū, Prince (see alsoShōtoku Taishi) xiii, 3

K

Kakuda Katyāyana 89

kalpa(s) 169, 189, 223, 232 karma, karmic 43, 45-46, 77, 92, 95, 102, 114, 127, 131, 142, 161, 169, 175, 177, 182, 195, 201-202, 238, 239 evil 27, 45, 46, 170

good, meritorious, pure 26, 27, 44, 45, 46, 47, 142

retribution(s) 15, 75, 175 Kāśyapa (see alsoMahākāśyapa) 77-79, 80, 81-82, 83-89, 189, 193, 211, 212, 229

Katyāyana 89, 97-99

Kauṇḍinya 28, 29

kiṃnara(s) 21

kindness (see alsocompassion) 3, 5, 12, 25, 76, 77, 78, 139, 143, 176, 196, 197-199, 204, 223, 231, 245, 246 equal, impartial 25, 29, 78, 85 knowing (see alsoawareness, discerning; prajñā) 7, 11, 33, 49, 56, 61, 67, 78, 80, 83, 86, 88, 93, 97, 109, 111, 113, 120, 121, 123, 124, 125, 127, 128, 129, 131, 140, 142, 162, 163, 165, 246

of the Buddha 11, 25, 31, 33, 122 essential nature of 125, 126, 127, 128 field of 81, 91, 92, 93

perfection of 57

three kinds of 28

true 140, 164, 170

Korea, Korean xiii

kṣānti.See perfection, of kṣānti kṣatriya 60

Kumārajīva xiii, xv, xvi L

laity (see alsolayman, laypeople) 69 land(s) (see alsobuddha land, realm, world; pure land) 33, 34, 35-36, 38, 39-40, 41, 43-44, 48, 49, 51, 52, 151, 219, 223, 229

bodhisattva 35, 37, 38, 41, 48 265

Index

land(s) (continued)

defiled 35, 44

response 36, 37, 38, 39, 52 reward 36, 38, 39, 52

Laozi 78, 231, 232

layman, laypeople (see also laity) 59, 60, 115, 134, 136, 138, 143, 151-152, 153, 154-155, 161, 164, 189, 192, 213, 225, 238

liberation(s) 4, 7, 13, 48, 53, 88, 94, 105, 130, 135, 163, 164, 186, 192, 202, 203, 205, 217, 223, 227

eight 81, 130, 151, 220

inconceivable 4, 193, 194, 209 three gates of 135

lion's roar (see alsoeloquence) 11, 12, 13, 17, 131

lion throne(s) 6, 189, 221 livelihood 81, 141, 170

Lotus Sutra xiii

Lunyu 232

M

Magadha 129

Mahākāśyapa (see also Kāśyapa) 78, 189, 193, 212

Mahāmaudgalyāyana (see alsoMaudgal yāyana) 69, 75 Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra 236 mahāsattva(s) (see alsogreat being) 10, 13, 200

Mahayana (see also Great Vehicle) 11, 49, 57, 69, 76, 95, 96-97, 107-108, 109, 110, 111, 135, 142, 152, 186, 203-204, 223, 227, 244

mahoraga(s) 21

Maintains the World 132-133, 137 Maitreya xvi, 9, 117-124, 128, 249 Mañjuśrī 3, 5, 22, 23, 63, 64, 65, 147, 152, 156-158, 161-168, 170-171, 178, 182, 183, 184, 187, 189, 191, 266

195, 196, 197, 199, 209, 210, 211, 212, 216, 217-218, 220, 224, 225, 226, 235

Māra(s) (see alsoDeva-Māra) 9, 13, 25, 28, 57, 92, 93, 109, 129, 131, 133, 134, 136-137, 164, 184, 193 four 135, 150, 228

hosts, legions of 90, 92, 93, 108, 109, 135, 150, 151, 164, 245

kings 194, 209

Maskarin Gośālīputra 89

Maudgalyāyana (see alsoMahāmaudgal yāyana) 68-69, 72, 76, 77 Medicine King 244, 246

meditation (see also concentration; dhyāna) 59, 133, 180, 182, 185-186

merit(s) 10, 14, 15, 18, 19, 20, 49, 52, 63, 78, 83, 100, 107, 108, 130, 131, 132, 182, 223, 224, 227, 229, 230, 232, 233, 240, 241, 243, 244, 246 of buddhas, Buddha 128, 196, 199, 229 field of 81, 82, 83-84, 90, 92, 93, 143, 144

gate(s) of 230-231, 233

Middle Way 8, 168, 171, 183-184, 187, 196

mind(s) (see alsobody, speech, and mind) 5, 8, 11, 13, 15, 17, 18, 26, 28, 29, 34, 43, 45, 48, 49, 50, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 61, 66, 67, 71, 75, 77, 80, 83, 95, 98, 99, 100, 103, 104-105, 106, 111, 118, 124, 128, 130, 131, 132, 135, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 150, 152, 165, 166, 167, 168, 170, 171-172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 178, 179, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 195, 196, 197, 199, 201, 204, 210, 212, 213, 224, 231, 232, 244, 245 of aspiration, bodhi, for awakening, enlightenment, of the Way (see also

bodhicitta) 46, 49, 52, 56, 64, 123, 124, 130, 131, 134, 144, 170, 193, 227

buddha-, sagely 231, 243 compassionate, of compassion, kind 18, 76, 78, 139, 158, 176, 195 confused, deluded, disturbed, scattered, undisciplined 70, 103, 177, 180-181, 182, 217

disciplined 130, 141, 184 discriminating 24, 78, 86, 87, 91, 99, 244

evil, hostile 13, 90, 93, 141 four immeasurable 130, 185 joyous, of joy 139, 140, 144 of the Mahayana 95, 96 profound 49, 130, 141 pure, unafflicted 104, 141, 232 seventh 167, 171

sincere 34, 41-42, 43, 45, 46, 47-48, 128, 129, 130, 141 sixth 44, 45, 166, 170 to achieve the buddha land 39, 40 mindful, mindfulness 13, 81, 169, 170, 171, 176

four foundations of 186 Moon Canopy 244, 246-247 morality (see also śīla) 63, 106, 140, 141, 213

Mount Sumeru 14, 16, 20, 22, 25, 29, 192-193

Muller, Charles xvi Multitude of Fragrances world 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 225, 226, 227-228, 229-230, 233

N

nāga(s) 20, 244

Nāgārjuna 9

Nagashima, Jundo xvii Nirgrantha Jñātiputra 89 Index

nirvana (see alsoextinction) xvi, 8, 9, 10, 28, 68, 79, 83, 93, 107, 108, 118, 123, 168, 174, 175, 184, 187, 203, 213, 233, 238 without remainder 91, 93, 107 non-arising 14, 52, 56, 80, 135, 184, 185, 227

non-attainment 10, 13, 14, 122, 177, 207, 212

non-Buddhist(s) 7, 11, 13, 26, 28, 44, 75, 78, 85, 89, 90, 93, 99, 101, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 151, 163, 164, 169, 222, 231, 232, 246 nonretrogression, nonretrogressive 117, 123, 124, 245

no-self 61, 62, 97, 99, 131, 140, 169, 173, 198

nuns. See bhikṣunīs O

offense(s) (see alsotransgression) 77, 102, 103, 104-105, 106 five heinous 88

four grave 45

offering(s) 6, 23, 24, 55, 56, 78, 82, 92, 137, 138, 139, 143-144, 161, 224, 240, 241, 243, 244 Dharma 240, 243, 244, 245-246 omniscience 12, 28, 39, 124, 125, 132, 140, 142, 184, 231 One Vehicle 237

other-nature 80

P

path(s) 3, 7, 8, 11, 13, 19, 20, 28, 31, 39, 43, 44, 60, 90, 97, 101, 124, 129, 130, 131, 187, 213, 223, 227, 235 buddha, of the Buddha, Tathāgata 12, 13, 17, 18, 39, 44, 57, 76, 109, 110, 129, 130, 142, 186, 229 267

Index

path(s) (continued)

eightfold correct, noble 81, 186, 211 factors of 107, 187, 213, 238 false, wrong 89, 209, 210 five, of existence 19, 109 of language (see alsoword) 71-72 middle (see alsoMiddle Way) 9, 16, 82 non-Buddhist 7, 11, 13, 26, 28, 85, 89-90, 93, 99, 101, 109, 110, 111, 113, 151, 163, 164, 222-223, 246 renunciant 107, 198

royal 11, 13

six, of samsara 57, 176, 195 small (see alsoHinayana) 96 three evil 92, 169

true 13, 46, 28, 89, 109 perceptual attribute(s) 3, 13, 28, 29, 31-32, 34, 39, 41, 43, 44, 46, 47, 56, 69-70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 76, 79, 89, 90, 91, 94, 97-98, 100-101, 104-105, 108-109, 111, 118, 123, 125, 126, 140, 149, 153, 164-166, 179, 185, 190, 191, 196, 197, 198, 201, 202, 205, 208, 209, 211, 215, 216, 217, 230, 232, 235-237, 238, 245 perfection(s) 49, 132, 184 of dāna 140

of dhyāna 140

of discerning awareness, knowing, prajñā 57, 59, 60, 140, 151, 185, 213

of effort, vīrya 140

of kṣānti 140

of śīla 140

six 13, 59, 130, 138, 185, 210, 223, 245 of the two knowledges 149, 150 power(s) 25, 28, 46, 62, 110, 182, 192, 199, 220, 221, 226, 227 of Dharma 25, 26

of discerning awareness, knowing 31, 68

268

five 101, 109, 110, 186 miraculous, spiritual, supernatural 21, 25, 27, 33, 36, 50, 51, 53, 56, 68, 101, 130, 150, 186, 191, 192, 200, 205, 206, 221

six 130, 185

of skillful means 10, 140 ten 25, 30, 33, 128, 129, 131, 132, 186 practice(s) 11, 14, 25, 40, 41, 43, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 56, 106, 108, 111, 117, 118, 129, 130, 132, 140, 142, 144, 168, 171, 178, 180, 181, 184, 185, 187, 197, 203, 213, 220, 223, 225, 230, 231, 233, 247, 249, 250 of bodhisattvas, great beings 5, 33, 34, 36, 41, 47, 135, 151, 183, 184-187, 201, 215, 225 causal 24, 149, 198

contemplative 10, 75

correct 81, 170

essential 11, 56, 63, 225 of generosity, giving (see alsodāna) 42, 83, 92, 140

meritorious, virtuous 58, 65 of the Middle Way 171, 183, 184, 196, 200

non-Buddhist 28, 89, 90, 223 requisite 130, 141

of self-cultivation 171, 178 six 141

superior 123, 124

of transformation, transforming others 106, 111, 130, 139, 141, 150, 166, 171, 178

two, of emptiness and existence 40, 231

of the two vehicles 10, 84, 135, 185, 186, 215

wrong 209, 210, 211, 212, 219, 220, 222, 228

prajñā(see alsoawareness, discerning; knowing) xvi, 63, 140 perfection of (see alsoperfection, of discerning awareness, knowing, prajñā) 59, 60, 140, 185 prajñāpāramitā(see also prajñā, perfection of) 28, 29, 57 pratyekabuddha(s) 37, 84, 187, 204 precept(s) (see alsomorality; śīla) 48, 102, 103, 106, 140, 141 pretas (see alsospirit) 52, 244 provisional 26, 33, 62, 99, 110, 111, 153, 172, 178, 179, 196, 197, 238, 246 designation(s) 27, 69, 70, 98, 110, 111, 127, 154, 172, 173, 245 self 99, 169, 178

Pūraṇa Kāśyapa 89

pure land(s), Pure Land 5, 24, 25, 26, 33, 34, 35, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49-50, 51, 52, 144, 223, 232, 240

Pure Reputation. SeeVimalakīrti purity(ies) 36, 38, 43, 44, 49, 50, 52, 53, 57, 60, 92, 104, 105, 106, 135, 141, 143, 168, 189, 213, 229 of a buddha land, realm 33, 34, 49, 51, 52

cause of 41, 43, 44, 50 Pūrṇa Maitrāyaniputra 94-96, 97 Q

quiescence, quiescent 26, 29, 71, 125, 127, 169, 187, 198, 199 extinction 97, 98, 100, 118, 124, 125, 127, 187, 190, 197, 198, 199 R

Rāhula 106-108, 111-112 Ratnākara. SeeJewel Accumulation realm(s) 6, 17, 21, 24, 34, 35, 36, 37, 41, Index

46, 47, 52, 60, 66, 67, 79, 99, 124, 130, 147, 175, 222, 232, 235, 239 buddha 5, 33, 40, 47, 52, 151, 162, 187, 240

causal 73, 130

desire 20, 46, 216, 217, 220 eighteen 62, 190

of existence 185, 187, 231 form 46, 211, 217

formless 46, 197, 211, 217 provisional 152, 153

of quiescent extinction 124, 125 six 25, 30

three 46-47, 190, 217 two 67, 220, 222

rebirth 77, 200, 207

renunciant, renunciation 89, 107, 108, 109, 110, 213

retrogress, retrogression 45, 110, 123, 170, 245

Ruguanjing 112

S

sage(s) (see alsoarhat; holy one) 3, 7, 16, 44, 47, 67, 82, 83, 88, 97, 109, 112, 158, 160, 161, 184, 192 -king,

-ruler (see alsowheel-turning sage-king) xiii, xiv

Sage (see alsoBuddha; Great Sage) 3, 4, 12, 34, 36, 43, 75

Sāha world 221

Śakra Devānām Indra (see alsoIndra) 244 Śākyamuni (see alsoBuddha) xiv, 68, 117, 129, 222, 223, 230 śālatrees 9

samādhi 27, 63, 67, 92, 94, 96, 186, 219 śamatha.See tranquil, sitting Saṃgaṇikīkṛtaṃ Taiśotripiṭakaṃ: The Taisho Tripitaka xvi

samsara xvi, 8, 10, 29, 33, 108, 126, 127, 130, 156, 159, 160, 164, 168, 176, 269

Index

samsara (continued)

179, 183, 184, 193, 195, 196, 199, 201, 202, 203, 231, 232, 238 sangha 181

Sangha Jewel (see alsoThree Jewels) 12, 29

Sangyō gisho. See "Three Commentaries" Sañjaya Vairaṭīputra 89 Sanskrit xv, xvi

Śāriputra 6, 34, 50, 51-52, 66-68, 151, 152, 180, 181, 189-193, 200-208, 219-220, 222, 226-227, 235, 238-240 scripture(s) (see alsosutra) 3, 4, 5-6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 21, 55, 61, 63, 64, 102, 109, 112, 114, 147, 225, 235, 240, 241, 243, 246

self 27, 62, 70, 81, 97, 99, 105, 121, 140, 169, 172, 173, 174, 175, 178, 217, 245

emptiness of 61, 99, 246 -nature 79, 80, 245

property(ies) of 62, 69, 72, 75, 110, 121, 174, 175

provisional, provisionally designated 99, 169, 174, 179

self-cultivation 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 41, 57, 58, 130, 132, 135, 139, 142, 150, 166, 170, 171, 173, 178, 179, 180, 233

Sengzhao 7, 10, 11, 12, 17, 29, 32, 52, 67, 68, 99, 105, 109, 110, 149, 165, 170 sense(s), sense faculties, fields 78, 79, 80, 104, 126, 127, 186 consciousness(es) 72, 73-74, 75, 80, 104

object(s) 16, 67, 72, 73, 74, 75, 80, 81, 101, 110, 126, 127, 198, 203 organ(s) 72, 74, 75, 104, 126, 198, 202, 211

Shilun 7

270

Shining Adornment 128-129, 132 Shōtoku Taishi (see alsoJōgū, Prince) xiii, xiv, xv, 3

Śikhin 20

śīla(see alsomorality; perfection, of śīla; precept) 63, 140 skillful means, method 10, 13, 49, 55, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 64, 68, 130, 140, 141, 150, 151, 182-183, 194, 209, 231 Small Vehicle(s) (see alsoHinayana) 3, 9, 15, 204

spirit(s) 20, 21, 60, 244 Spring and Autumn Annals 232 śramaṇa 90

śrāvaka(s) 8-9, 37, 45, 65, 81, 83, 84, 87, 95, 97, 147, 184, 187, 193, 204, 222, 224, 227

Śrīmālādevī-sūtra xiii śrota-āpanna. Seestage, of stream-enterer stage(s) 43, 47, 124, 150, 227 of buddhahood 129, 132 causal 39, 142, 149, 198 of certainty 120, 184, 212, 227 diamond 42, 128

initial 43, 45, 166, 171 of no more learning 181 nonretrogressive 117, 123, 124 of practice, training 129, 142, 205 seventh 42, 167, 227

of stream-enterer 30

Subhūti 84-94

suchness 3, 34, 73, 105, 118, 120-121, 122, 126

suffering(s) (see alsovexation) 18, 29, 30-31, 32, 42, 43, 61, 62, 97, 98, 99, 103, 113, 139, 141, 150, 159, 169-170, 172, 174, 176, 178, 195, 196, 199, 210, 223, 231, 232 Sumeru Lamp King 151, 189, 191-192 Sunakṣatra 181

sutra(s) (see alsoscripture) xv, xvi, 4, 24, 32, 50, 223, 236, 237, 239, 240-241, 243, 244-246, 249-250 Sutra of Immeasurable Life 45 Sutra Preached by Vimalakīrti. See Vimalakīrtinirdeśa-sūtra T

Taishō canon, Taishō shinshū daizōkyō xv, xvii

Taishō University xv, xvii Tathāgata (see alsoBuddha) 14, 23, 24-25, 27, 29, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36, 37-38, 43, 50-51, 55, 64, 65, 90, 97, 103-104, 114-115, 131, 141, 144, 154, 157, 180, 209, 210, 211-212, 219, 221, 226, 228, 229, 235, 236, 237, 239, 240, 241, 243, 246, 249, 250

ten virtuous actions 48, 223 thirty-two attributes, marks and eighty auspicious marks, signs 15, 42, 187 three activities (see alsobody, speech, and mind) 13, 25

"Three Commentaries" xiii Three Jewels (see alsoBuddha, Dharma, and Sangha) 14, 29, 76, 135, 190 three poisons (see alsodesire, anger, and ignorance) 87, 102, 141, 210 three realms (see alsorealm, desire, form, formless; worlds, three, triple) 46, 47, 190, 217

Tibetan xv, xvi

tranquil, tranquility 33, 67, 68, 187 extinction 198, 199

sitting 66, 67, 68, 142

transformation(s) 30, 31, 37, 38, 44, 51, 140, 158, 206, 215

of beings, people 36-37, 38, 58, 63, 141, 147-148, 189, 195, 204, 209, 215, 219, 221, 222, 231

Index

miraculous 25, 33, 144

of others 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 58, 108, 109, 130, 132, 135, 141, 150, 169, 170, 171, 175, 178, 215, 231, 233

transgression(s) (see alsooffense) 102, 103, 169, 223, 224, 230

truth(s) 4, 7, 26, 28, 33, 88, 92, 111, 136, 149, 150, 152, 153, 157, 171, 173, 186, 231

contemplation of 166, 167, 170 conventional, provisional, worldly 27, 71, 72, 74, 101, 153, 235 four (see alsoFour Noble Truths) 28, 29, 88, 129, 130-131, 190 of the origin of suffering 30, 31 of suffering 30-31

two 4, 15, 67, 130

ultimate 27, 71, 73, 74, 75, 83, 88, 101, 104, 122, 127, 153, 154, 162, 205, 237

Tuṣita Heaven 117, 118

U

underlying principle 5, 8, 12, 14, 15, 26-27, 28, 30, 37, 57, 66, 71-72, 75, 76, 82, 83, 87, 93, 97, 100, 106, 113, 114, 120, 121, 123, 126, 129, 130, 149, 153, 162-163, 167, 170, 179, 190, 193, 195, 200, 202, 216, 217, 230, 231, 235, 236-237, 238, 239, 243, 244, 245

emptiness of 70, 71, 74, 75, 79, 80, 162-163, 197, 206

of emptiness 126, 198, 199, 245 essence, nature of 237, 238 of extinction 123, 127, 199 of impartiality 29, 126

of the inconceivable 3, 23, 151 of non-arising 14, 56, 135 of suchness 34, 120, 121 271

Index

underlying principle (continued) of things 70, 140

of the two truths 4, 15, 67, 130 ultimate 73, 75, 92, 127, 151, 162 Universally Manifested Form Body 151, 152, 209, 212-213

unprecedented aspiration, resolve (see also bodhicitta) 84, 95, 97 Upāli 102-106

V

Vairaṭī 89

Vaiśālī xiv, 3, 6, 7, 23, 58, 59, 60, 221 vajra 16

vehicle(s) (see alsoGreat Vehicle; One Vehicle; Small Vehicle) 7, 37, 200 five 37

three 29, 37, 197, 198, 200, 203, 204, 205

two 4, 10, 15, 51, 53, 82, 83, 88, 135, 168, 169, 176, 184, 185, 186, 187, 193, 200, 201-202, 205, 212, 215, 231, 233

vexation (see alsosuffering) 113, 173, 174, 175

view(s) 10, 16, 68, 91, 125, 164, 177, 213 affectionate, of affection 179-180, 195 discriminating 118, 124

false, wrong 16, 81, 86, 89, 90, 91, 92, 105, 125, 245

heretical, heterodox 13, 173, 180, 185, 228

sixteen, of self 173

sixty-two 108, 163, 164

two extreme 16-17, 89

Vimalakīrti 3, 9, 22, 23, 24, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 63, 64, 65, 117, 147, 148, 172, 178, 181, 189, 197, 198, 202, 204, 212, 216, 219, 220-223, 225, 226, 235, 236, 238, 239

272

and Accumulated Fragrances 219 and Ānanda 64, 112-114, 115, 227 and Aniruddha 100-101

and Excellence Attained 139 and the goddess(es) 133-134, 136-137, 196, 200, 208

and Good Virtue 137-138, 143-144 home, house, room of xiv, 7, 8, 21, 22, 23, 114, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 153-154, 157, 161, 162, 164, 189, 196, 200, 204, 205, 213, 220, 221, 222, 225, 231, 236

illness of 3, 9, 23, 58, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 115, 128, 145, 147, 148, 150, 151-152, 154, 155, 156, 157, 159, 160, 161, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 187, 195

and Jewel Accumulation 23 and Kāśyapa, Mahākāśyapa 77-79, 82, 84, 189, 193

and Katyāyana 97-100

and Maintains the World 132-133, 137 and Maitreya 117-118, 128 and Mañjuśrī 22, 147, 148-149, 150, 151-153, 154-155, 156-157, 158, 160-161, 162-168, 169- 170, 171, 183, 184, 187, 189, 191, 195, 209, 210, 211, 216, 217, 224, 225, 226, 235

and Māra(s) 133-134, 136, 150 and Maudgalyāyana 68-69, 76, 77 place of origin of 235, 238, 239 power(s) of 220, 221

and Pūrṇa Maitrāyani putra 94 -95, 96-97

and Rāhula 106-107, 111

and Śāriputra 66, 151, 189, 190, 191, 192, 208, 219, 220, 222, 235, 238, 239

and Shining Adornment 128-129, 132 skillful means of 55, 58, 60, 61, 64

Index

and Subhūti 84-86, 93-94 and Universally Manifested Form Body 151, 152, 209, 213

and Upāli 102-103, 106

virtues of 3, 23, 55, 58, 63, 65, 84, 117, 145

Vimalakīrtinirdeśa-sūtra(see also Vimalakīrti Sutra) xiii, xv, xvi Vimalakīrti Sutra(see alsoVimalakīrti nirdeśa-sūtra) xiii-xvi, xvii, 4 Vinaya 102

virtue(s) 9, 12, 14, 15, 18, 19, 23, 25, 29, 32, 34, 36, 40, 41, 42, 46, 48, 52, 55, 56, 57, 60, 61, 62, 63, 77, 86, 104, 110, 111, 113, 129, 130, 135, 140, 142, 144, 149, 176, 181, 182, 210-211, 231, 232, 233

of bodhisattvas 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 19, 49

of Buddha, Dharma King 25, 26, 29, 33 of a field of excellence 81, 86, 90 four impartial 144, 176

of goddess(es) 200, 205, 208 praise of 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 18, 19, 29, 35, 36, 58, 63, 84, 208 of Vimalakīrti 3, 23, 55, 56, 58, 65, 84, 117, 145, 150

vīrya.See perfection, of effort, vīrya vow(s) 43, 44, 48, 57, 106, 208, 243, 246, 249, 250

great, primal, primary 56, 57 W

Way (see alsoGreat Way) 32, 49, 67, 68, 164, 167, 170, 171, 174, 196, 203, 209, 228, 232, 245

Weimojie suoshuo jing.SeeVimalakīrti nirdeśa-sūtra wheel-turning sage-king (see alsosage, -king,

-ruler) 113

Wondrous Joy realm, world 5, 235, 239, 240

word(s) 16, 31, 42, 51, 71, 77, 84, 85, 93, 94, 113, 127, 154, 156, 191, 193, 202, 212, 216, 217, 219, 223, 229, 232

world(s) 3, 4, 10, 11, 14, 19, 20, 29, 31, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 47, 51, 60, 66, 83, 85, 91, 93, 117, 119, 131, 168, 181, 192, 201, 213, 221, 222, 223, 225, 227, 229, 230, 232 Brahmā, kings, Lords of 55, 58, 115, 116, 185

buddha (see alsobuddha land, realm, world) 132

evil, corrupt, defiled 44, 52, 115 of existence, Sāha, of samsara 29, 67, 122, 221

immeasurable, innumerable, three thousand 24-25, 30, 47, 48 ordinary 66, 67, 132

of past, present, and future 118-119, 211

of the ten directions 35, 209 three, triple (see alsothree realms) 15, 47, 58, 60, 66, 67, 95, 114, 119, 131, 177, 185, 232, 237

World-honored One (see alsoBuddha; Śākyamuni; Tathāgata) 25, 30, 33, 34, 68, 77, 84, 85, 93, 101, 112, 114, 115, 128, 137, 143, 154, 157, 221, 226, 240, 243, 246

worldly 3, 11, 15, 16, 48, 128, 131, 160, 181, 225, 232

truth 71, 72, 74, 101

world-protector(s) (see alsofour heavenly kings) 60

Wuliangshou jing.SeeSutra of Immeasurable Life 273

BDK English Tripiṭaka (First Series)

Index

X

Xuanzang xv Y

yakṣas 20 Yuimagyō gisho(see alsoExpository 274

Commentary on the Vimalakīrti Sutra) xiii, xiv Yuimagyōsho anraki xiv Z

Zhonggong 32, 40 Zhi Qian xv

BDK English Tripiṭaka (First Series)

Abbreviations

Ch.: Chinese

Skt.: Sanskrit

Jp.: Japanese

Eng.: Published title Title Taishō No. Ch. Chang ahan jing (長阿含經) 1 Skt. Dīrghāgama Ch. Zhong ahan jing (中阿含經) 26 Skt. Madhyamāgama Ch. Dasheng bensheng xindi guan jing (大乘本生心地觀經) Ch. Fo suoxing zan (佛所行讃) 159 192

Skt. Buddhacarita Eng. Buddhacarita: In Praise of Buddha '

s Acts(2009)

Ch. Zabao zang jing (雜寶藏經) 203 Eng. The Storehouse of Sundry Valuables(1994) Ch. Faju piyu jing (法句譬喩經) 211 Eng. The Scriptural Text: Verses of the Doctrine, with Parables(1999) Ch. Xiaopin banruo boluomi jing (小品般若波羅蜜經) 227 Skt. Aṣṭasāhasrikā-prajñāpāramitā-sūtra Ch. Jingang banruo boluomi jing (金剛般若波羅蜜經) 235 Skt. Vajracchedikā-prajñāpāramitā-sūtra Ch. Daluo jingang bukong zhenshi sanmoye jing (大樂金剛不空眞實三麼耶經) Skt. Adhyardhaśatikā-prajñāpāramitā-sūtra Ch. Renwang banruo boluomi jing (仁王般若波羅蜜經) Skt. *Kāruṇikārājā-prajñāpāramitā-sūtra 243

245

275

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Ch. Banruo boluomiduo xing jing (般若波羅蜜多心經) 251 Skt. Prajñāpāramitāhṛdaya-sūtra Ch. Miaofa lianhua jing (妙法蓮華經) 262 Skt. Saddharmapuṇḍarīka-sūtra Eng. The Lotus Sutra(Revised Second Edition, 2007) Ch. Wuliangyi jing (無量義經) 276 Ch. Guan Puxian pusa xingfa jing (觀普賢菩薩行法經) Ch. Dafangguang fo huayan jing (大方廣佛華嚴經) 277 279

Skt. Avataṃsaka-sūtra

Ch. Shengman shizihou yisheng defang bianfang guang jing 353 (勝鬘師子吼一乘大方便方廣經)

Skt. Śrīmālādevīsiṃhanāda-sūtra Eng. The Sutra of Queen Śrīmālā of the Lion '

s Roar(2004)

Ch. Wuliangshou jing (無量壽經) 360 Skt. Sukhāvatīvyūha

Eng. The Larger Sutra on Amitāyus(in The Three Pure Land Sutras, Revised Second Edition, 2003) Ch. Guan wuliangshou fo jing (觀無量壽佛經) 365 Skt.

*Amitāyurdhyāna-sūtra

Eng. The Sutra on Contemplation of Amitāyus (in The Three Pure Land Sutras,Revised Second Edition, 2003) Ch. Amituo jing (阿彌陀經) 366 Skt. Sukhāvatīvyūha

Eng. The Smaller Sutra on Amitāyus(in The Three Pure Land Sutras, Revised Second Edition, 2003) Ch. Da banniepan jing (大般涅槃經) 374 Skt. Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra Ch. Fochuibo niepan lüeshuo jiaojie jing (佛垂般涅槃略説教誡經) 389 Eng. The Bequeathed Teaching Sutra(in Apocryphal Scriptures,2005) Ch. Dizang pusa benyuan jing (地藏菩薩本願經) 412 Skt.

*Kṣitigarbhapraṇidhāna-sūtra Ch. Banzhou sanmei jing (般舟三昧經) 418 Skt. Pratyutpanna-buddhasammukhāvasthita-samādhi-sūtra Eng. The Pratyutpanna Samādhi Sutra(1998) 276

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Ch. Yaoshi liuli guang rulai benyuan gongde jing 450 (藥師琉璃光如來本願功徳經)

Skt. Bhaiṣajyaguru-vaiḍūrya-prabhāsa-pūrvapraṇidhāna-viśeṣavistara Ch. Mile xiasheng chengfo jing (彌勒下生成佛經) 454 Skt.

*Maitreyavyākaraṇa

Ch. Wenshushili wen jing (文殊師利問經) 468 Skt.

*Mañjuśrīparipṛcchā

Ch. Weimojie suoshuo jing (維摩詰所説經) 475 Skt. Vimalakīrtinirdeśa-sūtra Eng. The Vimalakīrti Sutra(2004) Ch. Yueshangnü jing (月上女經) 480 Skt. Candrottarādārikā-paripṛcchā Ch. Zuochan sanmei jing (坐禪三昧經) Ch. Damoduoluo chan jing (達磨多羅禪經) Ch. Yuedeng sanmei jing (月燈三昧經) 614 618

639

Skt. Samādhirāja-candrapradīpa-sūtra Ch. Shoulengyan sanmei jing (首楞嚴三昧經) 642 Skt. Śūraṅgamasamādhi-sūtra Eng. The Śūraṅgama Samādhi Sutra(1998) Ch. Jinguang ming zuishengwang jing (金光明最勝王經) 665 Skt. Suvarṇaprabhāsa-sūtra Ch. Dasheng rulengqie jing (入楞伽經) 672 Skt. Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra Ch. Jie shenmi jing (解深密經) 676 Skt. Saṃdhinirmocana-sūtra Eng. The Scripture on the Explication of Underlying Meaning(2000) Ch. Yulanpen jing (盂蘭盆經) 685 Skt.

*Ullambana-sūtra

Eng. The Ullambana Sutra(in Apocryphal Scriptures,2005) Ch. Sishierzhang jing (四十二章經) 784 Eng. The Sutra of Forty-two Sections(in Apocryphal Scriptures,2005) 277

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Ch. Eng. Dafangguang yuanjue xiuduoluo liaoyi jing (大方廣圓覺修多羅了義經) 842

The Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment(in Apocryphal Scriptures,2005) Ch. Da Biluzhena chengfo shenbian jiachi jing (大毘盧遮那成佛神變加持經) Skt. Mahāvairocanābhisambodhi-vikurvitādhiṣṭhāna-vaipulyasūtrendrarājanāma-dharmaparyāya Eng. The Vairocanābhisaṃbodhi Sutra(2005) 848

Ch. Jinggangding yiqie rulai zhenshi she dasheng xianzheng dajiao wang jing (金剛頂一切如來眞實攝大乘現證大教王經) 865 Skt. Sarvatathāgata-tattvasaṃgraha-mahāyānābhisamaya-mahākalparāja Eng. The Adamantine Pinnacle Sutra(in Two Esoteric Sutras,2001) Ch. Suxidi jieluo jing (蘇悉地羯囉經) 893 Skt. Susiddhikara-mahātantra-sādhanopāyika-paṭala Eng. The Susiddhikara Sutra(in Two Esoteric Sutras,2001) Ch. Modengqie jing (摩登伽經) 1300 Skt.

*Mātaṅgī-sūtra

Ch. Mohe sengqi lü (摩訶僧祇律) 1425 Skt.

*Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya

Ch. Sifen lü (四分律) 1428 Skt.

*Dharmaguptaka-vinaya

Ch. Shanjianlü piposha (善見律毘婆沙) 1462 Pāli Samantapāsādikā

Ch. Fanwang jing (梵網經) 1484 Skt.

*Brahmajāla-sūtra

Ch. Youposaijie jing (優婆塞戒經) 1488 Skt. Upāsakaśīla-sūtra Eng. The Sutra on Upāsaka Precepts(1994) Ch. Miaofa lianhua jing youbotishe (妙法蓮華經憂波提舍) 1519 Skt. Saddharmapuṇḍarīka-upadeśa Ch. Shizha biposha lun (十住毘婆沙論) 1521 Skt.

*Daśabhūmika-vibhāṣā

278

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Ch. Fodijing lun (佛地經論) 1530 Skt.

*Buddhabhūmisūtra-śāstra Eng. The Interpretation of the Buddha Land(2002) Ch. Apidamojushe lun (阿毘達磨倶舍論) 1558 Skt. Abhidharmakośa-bhāṣya Ch. Zhonglun (中論) 1564

Skt. Madhyamaka-śāstra

Ch. Yüqie shidilun (瑜伽師地論) 1579 Skt. Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra Ch. Cheng weishi lun (成唯識論) 1585 Eng. Demonstration of Consciousness Only (in Three Texts on Consciousness Only,1999) Ch. Weishi sanshilun song (唯識三十論頌) 1586 Skt. Triṃśikā

Eng. The Thirty Verses on Consciousness Only (in Three Texts on Consciousness Only,1999) Ch. Weishi ershi lun (唯識二十論) 1590 Skt. Viṃśatikā

Eng. The Treatise in Twenty Verses on Consciousness Only (in Three Texts on Consciousness Only,1999) Ch. She dasheng lun (攝大乘論) 1593 Skt. Mahāyānasaṃgraha

Eng. The Summary of the Great Vehicle(Revised Second Edition, 2003) Ch. Bian zhongbian lun (辯中邊論) 1600 Skt. Madhyāntavibhāga

Ch. Dasheng zhuangyanjing lun (大乘莊嚴經論) 1604 Skt. Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra Ch. Dasheng chengye lun (大乘成業論) 1609 Skt. Karmasiddhiprakaraṇa Ch. Jiujing yisheng baoxing lun (究竟一乘寳性論) 1611 Skt. Ratnagotravibhāga-mahāyānottaratantra-śāstra Ch. Yinming ruzheng li lun (因明入正理論) 1630 Skt. Nyāyapraveśa

279

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Ch. Dasheng ji pusa xue lun (大乘集菩薩學論) 1636 Skt. Śikṣāsamuccaya

Ch. Jingangzhen lun (金剛針論) 1642 Skt. Vajrasūcī

Ch. Zhang suozhi lun (彰所知論) 1645 Eng. The Treatise on the Elucidation of the Knowable(2004) Ch. Putixing jing (菩提行經) 1662 Skt. Bodhicaryāvatāra

Ch. Jingangding yuqie zhongfa anouduoluo sanmiao sanputi xin lun 1665 (金剛頂瑜伽中發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心論)

Ch. Dasheng qixin lun (大乘起信論) 1666 Skt.

*Mahāyānaśraddhotpāda-śāstra Eng. The Awakening of Faith(2005) Ch. Shimoheyan lun (釋摩訶衍論) 1668 Ch. Naxian biqiu jing (那先比丘經) 1670 Pāli Milindapañhā

Ch. Banruo boluomiduo xin jing yuzan (般若波羅蜜多心經幽賛) 1710 Eng. A Comprehensive Commentary on the Heart Sutra (Prajñāpāramitā-hṛdaya-sūtra) (2001) Ch. Miaofalianhua jing xuanyi (妙法蓮華經玄義) 1716 Ch. Guan wuliangshou fo jing shu (觀無量壽佛經疏) 1753 Ch. Sanlun xuanyi (三論玄義) 1852 Ch. Dasheng xuan lun (大乘玄論) 1853 Ch. Zhao lun (肇論) 1858

Ch. Huayan yisheng jiaoyi fenqi zhang (華嚴一乘教義分齊章) 1866 Ch. Yuanren lun (原人論) 1886 Ch. Mohe zhiguan (摩訶止觀) 1911 Ch. Xiuxi zhiguan zuochan fayao (修習止觀坐禪法要) 1915 Ch. Tiantai sijiao yi (天台四教儀) 1931 Ch. Guoqing bai lu (國清百録) 1934 280

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Ch. Zhenzhou Linji Huizhao chanshi wulu (鎭州臨濟慧照禪師語録) 1985 Eng. The Recorded Sayings of Linji(in Three Chan Classics,1999) Ch. Foguo Yuanwu chanshi biyan lu (佛果圜悟禪師碧巖録) 2003 Eng. The Blue Cliff Record(1998) Ch. Wumen guan (無門關) 2005

Eng. Wumen

'

s Gate(in Three Chan Classics,1999) Ch. Liuzu dashi fabao tan jing (六祖大師法寶壇經) 2008 Eng. The Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch(2000) Ch. Xinxin ming (信心銘) 2010

Eng. The Faith-Mind Maxim(in Three Chan Classics,1999) Ch. Huangboshan Duanji chanshi chuanxin fayao 2012A (黄檗山斷際禪師傳心法要)

Eng. Essentials of the Transmission of Mind(in Zen Texts,2005) Ch. Yongjia Zhengdao ge (永嘉證道歌) Ch. Chixiu Baizhang qinggui (勅修百丈清規) 2014 2025

Eng. The Baizhang Zen Monastic Regulations(2007) Ch. Yibuzonglun lun (異部宗輪論) 2031 Skt. Samayabhedoparacanacakra Eng. The Cycle of the Formation of the Schismatic Doctrines(2004) Ch. Ayuwang jing (阿育王經) 2043

Skt. Aśokāvadāna

Eng. The Biographical Scripture of King Aśoka(1993) Ch. Maming pusa zhuan (馬鳴菩薩傳) 2046 Eng. The Life of Aśvaghoṣa Bodhisattva (in Lives of Great Monks and Nuns,2002) Ch. Longshu pusa zhuan (龍樹菩薩傳) 2047 Eng. The Life of Nāgārjuna Bodhisattva (in Lives of Great Monks and Nuns,2002) Ch. Posoupandou fashi zhuan (婆藪槃豆法師傳) 2049 Eng. Biography of Dharma Master Vasubandhu (in Lives of Great Monks and Nuns,2002) Ch. Datang Daciensi Zanzang fashi zhuan (大唐大慈恩寺三藏法師傳) 2053 Eng. A Biography of the Tripiṭaka Master of the Great Ci' en

Monastery of the Great Tang Dynasty(1995) 281

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Ch. Gaosengzhuan (高僧傳) 2059 Ch. Biqiuni zhuan (比丘尼傳) 2063 Eng. Biographies of Buddhist Nuns (in Lives of Great Monks and Nuns,2002) Ch. Gaoseng Faxian zhuan (高僧法顯傳) 2085 Eng. The Journey of the Eminent Monk Faxian (in Lives of Great Monks and Nuns,2002) Ch. Datang xiyu ji (大唐西域記) 2087 Eng. The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions(1996) Ch. Youfangjichao: Tangdaheshangdongzheng zhuan 2089-(7) (遊方記抄: 唐大和上東征傳)

Ch. Hongming ji (弘明集) 2102 Ch. Fayuan zhulin (法苑珠林) 2122 Ch. Nanhai jigui neifa zhuan (南海寄歸内法傳) 2125 Eng. Buddhist Monastic Traditions of Southern Asia(2000) Ch. Fanyu zaming (梵語雑名) 2135 Jp. Shōmangyō gisho (勝鬘經義疏) 2185 Eng. Prince Shōtoku

'

s Commentary on the Śrīmālā Sutra(2011) Jp. Yuimakyō gisho (維摩經義疏) 2186 Eng. Expository Commentary on the Vimalakīrti Sutra(2012) Jp. Hokke gisho (法華義疏) 2187 Jp. Hannya shingyō hiken (般若心經秘鍵) Jp. Daijō hossō kenjin shō (大乘法相研神章) Jp. Kanjin kakumu shō (觀心覺夢鈔) 2203 2309

2312

Jp. Risshū kōyō (律宗綱要) 2348 Eng. The Essentials of the Vinaya Tradition(1995) Jp. Tendai hokke shūgi shū (天台法華宗義集) 2366 Eng. The Collected Teachings of the Tendai Lotus School(1995) Jp. Kenkairon (顯戒論) 2376 Jp. Sange gakushō shiki (山家學生式) 2377 282

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Jp. Hizōhōyaku (秘藏寶鑰) 2426

Eng. The Precious Key to the Secret Treasury(in Shingon Texts, 2004) Jp. Benkenmitsu nikyō ron (辨顯密二教論) 2427 Eng. On the Differences between the Exoteric and Esoteric Teachings(in Shingon Texts, 2004)

Jp. Sokushin jōbutsu gi (即身成佛義) 2428 Eng. The Meaning of Becoming a Buddha in This Very Body (in Shingon Texts, 2004)

Jp. Shōji jissōgi (聲字實相義) 2429

Eng. The Meanings of Sound, Sign, and Reality(in Shingon Texts, 2004) Jp. Unjigi (吽字義) 2430

Eng. The Meanings of the Word Hūṃ(in Shingon Texts, 2004) Jp. Gorin kuji myōhimitsu shaku (五輪九字明秘密釋) 2514 Eng. The Illuminating Secret Commentary on the Five Cakras and the Nine Syllables(in Shingon Texts, 2004) Jp. Mitsugonin hotsuro sange mon (密嚴院發露懺悔文) 2527 Eng. The Mitsugonin Confession(in Shingon Texts,2004) Jp. Kōzen gokoku ron (興禪護國論) 2543

Eng. A Treatise on Letting Zen Flourish to Protect the State (in Zen Texts,2005)

Jp. Fukan zazengi (普勧坐禪儀) 2580

Eng. A Universal Recommendation for True Zazen (in Zen Texts,2005)

Jp. Shōbōgenzō (正法眼藏) 2582

Eng. Shōbōgenzō: The True Dharma-eye Treasury(Volume I, 2007) Shōbōgenzō: The True Dharma-eye Treasury(Volume II, 2008) Shōbōgenzō: The True Dharma-eye Treasury(Volume III, 2008) Shōbōgenzō: The True Dharma-eye Treasury(Volume IV, 2008) Jp. Zazen yōjin ki (坐禪用心記) Eng. Advice on the Practice of Zazen(in Zen Texts,2005) Jp. Senchaku hongan nenbutsu shū (選擇本願念佛集) Eng. Senchaku Hongan Nembutsu Shū: A Collection of Passages on the Nembutsu Chosen in the Original Vow(1997) 2586

2608

283

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Jp. Kenjōdo shinjitsu kyōgyō shōmon rui (顯淨土眞實教行証文類) 2646 Eng. Kyōgyōshinshō: On Teaching, Practice, Faith, and Enlightenment(2003)

Jp. Tannishō (歎異抄) 2661

Eng. Tannishō: Passages Deploring Deviations of Faith(1996) Jp. Rennyo shōnin ofumi (蓮如上人御文) 2668 Eng. Rennyo Shōnin Ofumi: The Letters of Rennyo(1996) Jp. Ōjōyōshū (往生要集) 2682

Jp. Risshō ankoku ron (立正安國論) 2688 Eng. Risshōankokuron or The Treatise on the Establishment of the Orthodox Teaching and the Peace of the Nation (in Two Nichiren Texts,2003) Jp. Kaimokushō (開目抄) 2689

Eng. Kaimokushō or Liberation from Blindness(2000) Jp. Kanjin honzon shō (觀心本尊抄) 2692 Eng. Kanjinhonzonshō or The Most Venerable One Revealed by Introspecting Our Minds for the First Time at the Beginning of the Fifth of the Five Five Hundred-year Ages (in Two Nichiren Texts,2003) Ch. Fumu enzhong jing (父母恩重經) 2887 Eng. The Sutra on the Profundity of Filial Love (in Apocryphal Scriptures,2005) Jp. Hasshūkōyō (八宗綱要) extracanonical Eng. The Essentials of the Eight Traditions(1994) Jp. Sangō shīki (三教指帰) extracanonical Jp. Mappō tōmyō ki (末法燈明記) extracanonical Eng. The Candle of the Latter Dharma(1994) Jp. Jūshichijō kenpō (十七條憲法) extracanonical 284