T1484 The Brahmā’s Net Sutra

Glossary

afflictions (Skt. kleśa): Affective disorders, defilement(s); mental disturbances; emotional negativity. All of the thoughts, words, actions, and emotions that arise and cease based on nescience and desire that keep human beings trapped in the cycle of birth and death, and which result in suffering. Buddhism teaches methods for attaining nirvana/enlightenment as a means of eliminating the afflictions. bodhi:Awakening; enlightenment.

bodhicitta:The awakened mind; the mind that perceives the real behind the seeming, believes in moral consequences, and that all sentient beings possess buddha-nature, and which aims at buddhahood. The aspiration to realize bodhi-wisdom, i.e., perfect enlightenment.

bodhisattva: A Buddhist practitioner intent on the attainment of enlightenment based on profoundly altruistic motivations (bodhicitta). The model practitioner in the Mahayana tradition, a bodhisattva dedicates his or her efforts to the salvation of other beings. This concept is used in Mahayana texts to distinguish from the earlier Indian spiritual ideal of the arhat, who also attains a form of enlightenment but whose realization is considered to be inferior due to the individual orientation of the practices pursued in its attainment. See also bodhicitta;Mahayana.

brahmā:A god (Skt. deva) regarded as the creator of the universe in the Vedic tradition, but relegated to a lesser role in Buddhism; capitalized, it is the proper name for the king of the devas, as well as a descriptive term for a group of higher celestial devas. buddha-nature: The innate buddha-mind, indicating the potential to actualize buddhahood, possessed by sentient beings. Buddha-nature is understood as being not fully actualized prior to the full attainment of buddhahood; thus sentient beings are required to purify themselves through practice to achieve its realization. dependent arising (Skt. pratītyasamutpāda): The fundamental Buddhist teaching that all things arise due to particular conditions; nothing arises out of nothing and nothing arises of itself; things do not come into existence through the power of an external creator. Therefore there is nothing that is self-contained, independent, or that has its own separate and independent nature. Dependent arising is the condition of things arising or being produced only in relationship to their causes and conditions. Dharma: The term has a wide range of meanings in Buddhism but its foremost meaning is the teaching delivered by the Buddha that is fully accordant with reality, and connotes Buddhism as the perfect religion; truth, reality, true principle, law. It is also used as a common noun (lower-case), in the sense of "all things, " anything small

81

Glossary

or great, visible or invisible, real or unreal, affairs, truth, principle, method, concrete things, abstract ideas, etc.

dharmakāya("Dharma body"): Translated as reality body, truth body, etc. In general Mahayana teaching the Dharma body is a name for absolute existence, the manifestation of all existences; the true body of reality, or the Buddha as eternal principle; the body of essence that is pure, possesses no marks of distinction, and is the same as emptiness. One of the three bodies of a buddha. See alsothree bodies. dhūta: Austerities. The original Indic term means literally "to cast off, " shake off, cleanse,

etc. Used in this text, it indicates casting off afflicted attachments through ascetic practices designed to eliminate the practitioner's attachment to food, clothing, shelter, etc. There are twelve categories of dhūtapractices. Four-part Vinaya(Skt.

*Dharmaguptaka-vinaya;Ch. Sifen lu;T. 1428): An influential vinaya (collection of monastic codes) text transmitted from the Dharmaguptaka school, translated by Buddhayaśas (408-413 C.E.) and Fonian (412-413 C.E.). One of four major Indian vinaya works transmitted to East Asia, it remained popular among monastics after the appearance of the Brahmā'

s Net Sutra. See also Vinaya.

Flower Ornament Sutra(Skt. Avataṃsaka-sūtra;Ch. Huayan jing): One of the most influential sutras in East Asian Buddhism, of which three Chinese translations, all entitled Dafangguang fo huayan jing,were made. The text describes a cosmos of infinite realms that mutually contain and interpenetrate each other. The vision expressed in this work was the foundation for the creation of the Huayan school of Buddhism, which was characterized by a philosophy of interpenetration. four groups of practitioners (catuṣpariṣad): The four categories of Buddhist followers, consisting of monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen.

humaneness (ren): Consideration for others; altruism; goodness, kindness, compassion, benevolence. In the thought of Confucius and Mencius, it is the basic quality of unselfishness contained to one degree or another in the minds of all human beings, which is the basis for the appearance of all proper forms of human interaction such as justice, filial piety, trustworthiness, propriety, and so forth. Hinayana ("Lesser Vehicle"): As opposed to the term Mahayana ("Great Vehicle"), the term refers in general to Buddhist practices centered on individual salvation, which are not based on the true experience of emptiness. Used in a historical interpretive sense, Hinayana refers to the early Indian groups typified by Theravādins and Sarvāsti vādins that held to a monastically centered approach to Buddhist practice. In Mahayana texts, the Hinayana practices of śrāvakas (disciples) and pratyekabuddhas (self-enlightened ones) are held to be flawed in that they lack the penetrating view of emptiness and the universally functioning compassion possessed by bodhisattvas in the Mahayana path. See alsoMahayana; pratyekabuddha; śrāvaka. kalpa:An eon, a world-period; in Indian cosmology, the longest period of time; an age consisting of the span of time between the creation, destruction, and recreation of a world or universe.

Kumārajīva (344-413 C.E.): A renowned translator of Indian Buddhist texts into Chinese. He was born into a noble family of Kucha; his father was Indian and his mother 82

Glossary

was a princess of Karashahr. Kumārajīva was well learned in Mahayana Buddhism but developed a special interest in the Madhyamaka doctrine of Nāgārjuna. In 401 he was brought to the capital of Chang'an by the ruler Fujian, and with the aid of numerous collaborators and assistants he became one of the most prolific translators of Buddhist texts in history, rendering some seventy-two texts into Chinese. The translation of the Brahmā'

s Net Sutrais apocryphally attributed to Kumārajīva. See

alsoMadhyamaka; Mahayana; Nāgārjuna.

liang:An ancient Chinese unit of weight, which varied between fourteen and thirty-eight grams during different historical periods.

Madhyamaka: One of the major streams of Indian Mahayana Buddhism, which exerted a profound impact on all subsequent forms of Buddhism that arose in East Asia and Tibet. Based chiefly in the "middle way" philosophy of Nāgārjuna, Mādhyamika thinkers sought to investigate a middle ground between the two extremes of existence and nonexistence of things. The Mādhyamaka claims that the dependent arising of all things amounts to their lack of, or being "empty of,

" any independent essence.

See alsoNāgārjuna.

Mahayana ("Great Vehicle"): The name of a late Indian sectarian movement that became the main form of Buddhism in East Asia. The term was created along with and in opposition to the disparaging term Hinayana, used by the former to distinguish the two. In the polemical sense, the concept of a "great vehicle" refers to the fact that the Mahayana considered their doctrines to be more open and universal, advocating that enlightenment was attainable by all sentient beings, including lay followers and householders, rather than only available to monastics who practiced in the pure environment of a monastery. This movement produced a large body of new sutras, in which its new model practitioner, the bodhisattva, preached the doctrine of the emptiness of all things. See alsobodhisattva; Hinayana.

Nāgārjuna (second-third centuries C.E.): One of the most esteemed figures in Buddhist history, considered by many Mahayanists as second in insight and importance only to the Buddha himself. He was a master of Sanskrit grammar and linguistics as well as a devastating debater and critical thinker, and his masterwork, the Mūlamadhyamaka-kārikā (Fundamental Verses on the Middle Way), sharply critiqued with elegant, sophisticated verse many treasured concepts and theories held by Buddhists and non-Buddhists, from causality and time to karma and nirvana. See alsoMadhya maka; Mahayana.

nescience (Skt. avidyā): Ignorance, delusion, folly. The fundamental misunderstanding of reality that underlies all the suffering of unenlightened people; the first of the twelve links of dependent arising. Nescience is not the mere lack of factual knowledge but a basic error in one's mode of perception that prevents people from seeing things as they really are; for example, being unaware of the fact that all things are ultimately impermanent or that there is in reality no such thing as an inherent self. See also dependent arising.

pārājika:Grave offenses or transgressions of the precepts; the original connotation of the Sanskrit word is thought to mean something like "overcome by another"; thus, 83

Glossary

to engage in unwholesome acts while overcome by affliction. The commission of pārājikaoffenses are grounds for the excommunication of a monk or nun (expulsion from the sangha and the loss of clerical status), and a guaranteed fall into hell. Hinayana vinaya texts list four pārājikas, known as the four grave offenses. In the Brahmā'

s Net Sutrathe consequences of the commission of a "bodhisattva pārājika offense" are not so clearly defined, so the term is used mainly to indicate the extreme severity of the ramifications of any transgression of the ten grave precepts. poṣadha:A precepts meeting that occurs six days each month, on the eighth, fourteenth, fifteenth, twenty-third, twenty-ninth, and thirtieth days, according to the lunar calendar. During a poṣadhagathering the Prātimokṣa-sūtra is recited, monastics confess their transgressions, and laypeople take vows to follow a set of either eight or ten precepts. See also Prātimokṣa.

Prātimokṣa:Literally,

"liberation from all afflictions"; a code of Vinaya precepts. In the traditional Indian vinaya texts it refers to the sets of precepts to be upheld by monks and nuns, specifically, a set of two hundred and twenty-seven disciplinary rules for monks and three hundred and forty-eight for nuns, which is recited at every poṣadha ceremony, during which all monastics must confess any violation of the precepts. In China, the Prātimokṣatext used most often was that associated with the Fourpart Vinaya.Over time, however, there were efforts in China to replace the "Hina yana" Prātimokṣawith a "Mahayana" version that could be used in rites of confession, which resulted in the development of the ten grave precepts, a specific set of bodhisattva precepts as given in the Brahmāʼ

s Net Sutra. See also Four-part Vinaya;

poṣadha;Vinaya.

pratyekabuddha:Solitary realizer, self-enlightened one, individual illuminate, etc. One who lives apart from others and attains enlightenment through direct realization of dependent arising, and who does not teach others,. Along with śrāvakas, one of the two "lower" vehicles of the Hinayana, in contrast to the altruistic ideal of the bodhisattva. See alsobodhisattva; Hinayana; śrāvaka. samādhi:A state of deep meditative concentration or absorption. One of the three basic elements of Buddhist practice, together with morality (sīla) and wisdom (prajñā). See also sīla.

seven heinous acts: Shedding a Buddha

ʼ

s blood, killing one

ʼ

s father or mother, killing

a monk or teacher, disrupting the sangha, or killing an arhat. sīla:Morality, moral conduct; one of the three pillars of Buddhist practice, together with meditation (samādhi) and wisdom (prajñā).

six destinies: Six levels of rebirth in samsara undergone by sentient beings in accord with their good or evil actions carried out in previous lifetimes. They are the realms of (1) hell (Skt. naraka-gati), (2) of hungry ghosts (preta-gati), (3) of animals (tiryagyoni-gati), (4) of angry titans (asura-gati), (5) of human beings (manuṣyagati), and (6) of gods (deva-gati). śrāvaka("voice-hearer"): Originally, a direct disciple of the Buddha, one who heard him teach; the term later came to refer generally to a Buddhist disciple. In Mahayana 84

Glossary

texts it is used as a technical term with somewhat negative connotations. While śrāvakas are disciplined monk-practitioners who contemplate the principle of the fundamental Buddhist teaching of the Four Noble Truths in order to attain arhatship, and thus eventually nirvana, they are also considered, along with pratyekabuddhas, to be followers of the two "lower" vehicles, inferior in insight and compassion to the Mahayana path of the bodhisattva. See alsobodhisattva; Mahayana; pratyekabuddha; two vehicles. ten unwholesome activities (Skt. daśâkuśala-karma-patha): Ten unwholesome activities carried out through the three modes of action of body, speech, and mind (thought): (1) killing, (2) stealing, (3) engaging in debauchery, (4) lying, (5) flattery, (6) insulting speech, (7) treachery, (8) covetousness, (9) anger, and (10) holding false views. three bodies (Skt. trikāya): The three bodies of a buddha, consisting of dharmakāya, saṃbhogakāya,and nirmāṇakāya.The dharmakāyarefers to the transcendence of form and realization of true thusness. The saṃbhogakāyais the "reward body" or "body of enjoyment" of a buddha resulting from merits attained as a bodhisattva. The nirmāṇakāya,

"transformation body,

" is manifested by a buddha in response

to the need to teach sentient beings, such as the historical buddha, Sākyamuni. See also dharmakāya.

three poisons: The three basic afflictions from which all other afflictive states ultimately derive: (1) greed, desire, or craving (Skt. rāga); (2) anger, ill-will, or hatred (dveṣa); and (3) nescience, delusion, or folly (moha). See alsoafflictions; nescience. three realms: Three realms of existence into which living beings transmigrate, consisting of the realms of desire (kāmadhātu), form (rūpadhātu), and formlessness (ārūpya dhātu). two vehicles: The vehicles of śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas, usually cast in a negative light by Mahayanists as representative of the so-called Hinayana, in contradistinction to the Mahayana ideal of the bodhisattva. Followers of the two vehicles are understood as those whose views of practice and enlightenment will lead them to individual salvation, arhatship but not buddhahood. See also bodhisattva; buddhahood; Hinayana; Mahayana; śrāvaka; pratyekabuddha.

Vinaya: The corpus of Buddhist monastic rules. Along with the scriptures (Sutra), and philosophical treatises (śāstras, or Abhidharma), the Vinaya forms one of the three major components of the Buddhist canon, the Tripiṭaka ("three baskets"). Vairocana ("Luminous One"): A buddha who represents Buddhism

ʼ

s most profound

speculation on the emptiness and interpenetration of all elements in the universe (Skt. dharmadhātu). Originally the name referred to the light of the sun but later took on the connotation of the buddha as the fundamental principle of the universe. The chief deity of the five buddhas depicted in the Vajradhātu and Garbhadhātu Maṇḍalas of Tantric Buddhism. As the true buddha body, Vairocana is generally recognized as the spiritual or essential body of truth (dharmakāya), manifesting as all-pervasive light. He dwells quiescent in the formless realm (arūpyadhātu) and is the essence of bodhi-wisdom and absolute purity. Also referred to in this text as Rocana. See also dharmakāya;three realms.

85

Bibliography

Funayama, Tōru.

"Bonmōkyō no shohon no ni keitō, " Toho gakuho Kyoto Daigaku

Jinbun kagaku kenkyūsho80 (2010): 178-211. —

.

"Bonmōkyō geken sengyo no sai kentō, " in Kunio Mugitani, ed., Sankyō kōshō ron zokuhen,pp. 127-156. Kyoto: Kyōto Daigaku Jinbun Kagaku Kenkyūjo, 2011. Gim Yeongmi. Silla bulgyo sasang sa yeon-gu.Seoul: Minjoksa, 1994. Groner, Paul.

"The Fang-wang chingand Monastic Discipline in Japanese Tendai: A Study of Annen's Futsū jubosatsukai koshaku, " in Robert E. Buswell, Jr., ed., Chinese Buddhist Apocrypha,pp. 251-290. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 1990.

—

.

"Tradition and Innovation: Eison's Self-Ordinations and the Establishment of New Orders of Buddhist Practitioners, " in William M. Bodiford, ed., Going Forth: Visions of Buddhist Vinaya. Essays Presented in Honor of Professor Stanley Weinstein,pp. 210-235. Honolulu: University of Hawai`i Press, 2005. Gwon Sangno. Joseon bulgyo yaksa.Seoul: Sinmungwan, 1917. Hui, Seng. The Buddha Speaks the Brahmā Net Sutra: The Ten Major and Forty-eight Minor Bodhisattva Precepts.Talmadge, CA: Buddhist Text Translation Society, 1981.

I Neunghwa. Joseon bulgyo tongsa.Seoul: Gyeonghui, 1918. Jo Myeonggi. Silla bulgyo ui inyeom gwa yeoksa.Seoul: Sin Taeyangsa, 1962. Muller, A. Charles. The Collected Works of Korean Buddhism, Volume XI: Exposition of the Sutra of Brahmā'

s Net.Seoul: Compilation Committee of Korean Buddhist Thought, Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism, 2012. Ono, Hōdō. Daijō kaikyō no kenkyū.Tokyo: Sankibō shorin, 1954. Satō, Tatsugen.

9-1 (1957): 231-234.

"Zen no kairitsu kan to gokai ni tsuite, " Indogaku bukkyōgaku kenkyū

Yamabe, Nobuyoshi.

"Visionary Repentance and Visionary Ordination in the Brahmā Net Sūtra,

" in William M. Bodiford, ed., Going Forth: Visions of Buddhist Vinaya. Essays Presented in Honor of Professor Stanley Weinstein,pp. 17-39. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2005. 87

Index

Bibliography

U Jeongsang and Gim Yeongtae. "Silla tong-ilgi hakseung ui jeosul iram, Taehyeon jo, "

Hanguk bulgyo sa.Seoul: Sinheung, 1968. Yi Mang. Silla Taehyeon ui yusik sasang yeon-gu.Seoul: Dongjjok nara, 1989. 88

Index

A

Abhidharma, 58 ācārya,48, 79n23 accusations, precept against, 52 actions/deeds, speech, and thought, 30, 36 See also body, speech, and mind administrative duties, precept against improper fulfillment of, 58 aggregate(s), 16, 17, 20 of bodily form, 23 five, 8, 12

Ākāśagarbha, 36 alcohol, xx, 45 drinking, precept against, 48-49 selling, precept against, 45 animals, 43, 44, 45, 55, 59, 70, 71, 78n11 badgers, 62

captive, releasing, 55 cats, 62

cattle, 71

dogs, 62

horse(s), 37, 71 raising, precept against, 62 sheep, 71

six kinds of, 52 swine, 62, 71 auspicious sign/vision, 57, 69 austerities, 65 B

Beommanggyeong bosal gyebon sagi, xviii Beommanggyeong gojeokgi,xviii Bhagavan, 76

See alsoBuddha bhikṣu,xix, 43, 45, 47, 72, 73, 80n26 See alsomonk(s) bhikṣuṇī,43, 45, 47, 73, 80n26 See alsonun(s) bodhi,4, 11, 75 -mind, 21

bodhicitta. See bodhi,-mind; enlightenment, aspiration/determination/ intention for, mind of bodhisattva(s), xvii, 4 -8, 12, 21, 25, 36, 38, 40-49, 50, 51-55, 61, 63, 65, 66, 68-74, 75, 76, 77n6, 78n7 beginner/newly initiated, 41, 53, 56, 57, 67

Dharma teacher/preceptor, 68 future, 43, 73 householder/lay, 45, 59 image(s), 57, 61, 65, 69 mind-ground(s), ten, xviii, 6 monk(s)/renunciant, 45, 53, 56, 58, 59, 65, 72

past, 43, 73, 75 path, 5, 58

practice(s), 4, 54 precepts, xviii, xx, 3, 4, 41-42, 43, 48, 54, 57, 69, 73, 74, 79n19 Bodhisattva Prātimokṣa,xviii See also Brahmā' s Net Sutra; Prāti mokṣa Bodhisattva Vinaya Sutra,xviii, 55 See also Brahmā' s Net Sutra; vinaya(s)/ Vinaya

89

Index

bodhitree(s), 6, 39, 40, 41, 42, 74 body, speech, and mind, 15, 29, 56 See also actions/deeds, speech, and thought

brahmans, fire-worshiping, 72 Brahmā'

s Net Prātimokṣa,xviii See also Brahmā' s Net Sutra; Prāti mokṣa Brahmā'

s Net Sutra,xvii-xx, 3-4, 37, 79n19

"Bhadrakalpa Chapter, " 39

"Chapter on all the Approaches to the Dharma,

" 28

"Chapter on Arhats, " 34

"Chapter on Brahmadaṇda, " 67

"Chapter on Expiating Sins, " 55

"Chapter on Flower Radiance King Buddha,

" 75

"Chapter on Innumerable Dharma Gates,

" 31

"Chapter on Regulations and Precepts, "

61

"Chapter on Supernormal Abilities, " 31

"Chapter on the Contemplation of the Twelve Limbs of Dependent Arising, " 31

"Chapter on the Course of the Sun and Moon,

" 28

"Chapter on the Dharma Access of the Mind-ground,

" 39

"Chapter on the Dharma Approach of the Mental Stages, " 38

"Chapter on the Dharma Approach of the Mind-ground, " 39

"Chapter on the Dharma Gate of the Bodhisattva's Stages of Practice, " xix

"Chapter on the Dharma Gate of the Mind-ground,

" 40

"Chapter on the Dharma Gate of the Mind-ground of Vairocana Buddha, "

74

90

"Chapter on the Dharma of the Ten Inexhaustible Precepts, " 74

"Chapter on the Eighty Thousand Rules of Conduct,

" 48

"Chapter on the Forty Dharmas, " 7

"Chapter on the Heaven of Radiant Sound,

" 36

"Chapter on the Heavenly Flower of All Sentient Beings, " 25

"Chapter on the Markless Heavenly King,

" 74

"Chapter on the Mind-ground Dharma,

" 6

"Chapter on the Original Source of Buddha-nature, " 5

"Chapter on the Tathāgata's Hundred Contemplations, " 8

"Chapter on the Ten Celestial Illuminations, " 13

"Chapter on the Ten Inexhaustible Precepts Treasury, " 40

as "concluding chapter" of the Flower Ornament Sutra,xix first fascicle, xviii, 3-36 second fascicle, xviii-xix, 37-76 See also Bodhisattva Prātimokṣa; Bodhisattva Vinaya Sutra; Brahmā' s

Net Prātimokṣa; Prātimokṣa Brahmā'

s Net Sutra: The Mind-ground Dharma Gate Taught by Vairo cana Buddha, Chapter Ten, in Two Fascicles,xix See also Brahmā' s Net Sutra

buddha(s), 5-8, 13, 17, 20-22, 25, 27, 30-34, 36, 38-43, 48, 53, 57, 59, 62, 63, 68-70, 73-76, 77nn4, 6; 78n11, 80n27

activities/practices/works, 12, 34, 76 eighty minor and thirty-two major marks, 34

future, 38, 41

image(s), 57, 61, 65, 69, 72 as locus for reception of precepts, 57 land(s)/realm(s), 7, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 -mind, 74

past, 35, 38

precepts, xviii, 37 stupas, 66

transformation-body, 38 See alsoSeven Buddhas Buddha, xxi, 5, 15, 20, 21, 22, 25, 26, 32-34, 36, 37, 40-44, 47, 48, 51, 52, 56, 58, 61, 63, 67, 74, 77n5 comportment/deportment, 21, 36 Dharma-body, 36, 79n17 eighteen distinctive abilities/characteristics/practices, 7, 22, 35, 77n6 family/lineage, 13, 22 lands, 21, 22

moral code/precepts/vinaya, 41, 42, 43, 63, 70, 71, 73, 76 roar, 7, 32

teachings, 20, 25, 38, 40, 41, 63 Way, 76

See alsoŚākyamuni; Tathāgata; World-honored One buddha-dharma, 14, 35, 46, 50, 70 See alsoDharma

Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha. See Three Treasures

Buddha Flower Sutra,21 See also Flower Ornament Sutra buddhahood, 20, 25, 35 buddha-nature, 22, 28, 34, 36, 40, 44, 47, 54, 58, 74, 75

See alsoDharma-nature; tathāgatanature Buddhism, 80n31

East Asian, xvii, 77n6 Indian, 77-78n7, 79n23 Mahayana, xvii

Index

Theravāda and Nikāya, 80n26 See also Hinayana; Mahayana Buddhist, xvii

believers, four groups of, 72 gathering, 67-68 canon/texts, xvii, 80n31 twelve divisions of, 25 community/sangha, xvii, xviii disciples/friends/practitioners, xvii, 55, 63, 76

protocol, regarding sitting order, 60 C

Caodong Temple, 4 Caotang Temple, 3 Chang'an, 4

chanting, 65

China/Chinese, xviii, xix, xx, 78n16, 79n19, 80n30

compassion, 13, 25, 44, 46, 49, 52, 71 great, 34, 49, 71, 79n6 lack of, 54, 56

concentration, 6, 10, 11, 16, 32, 34, 74 fourth, 4

mindful, 27

See also dhyāna; meditation; mindfulness conditioned, 8, 10, 12, 23, 24, 25, 32 See alsounconditioned contemplation(s), 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 of dependent arising, 26 of emptiness, 19 of sky-flowers, 28 See also meditation craving, 24, 25, 78n7 D

Daehyeon, xviii, xxi, 77n2, 78n16, 79n18 danqi,62, 80n30

See alsogames

91

Index

Daorong, 3, 4

Daoying, 3, 4

dependent arising, 26 twelve limbs of, 8, 22 destinies:

six, 13, 14, 16, 22, 23, 26, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33, 34, 55

three evil, 23, 47 See alsorebirth detachment, 6, 8, 9, 14, 78n13 deva(s), 39, 43 Devamāra, 73

dhāraṇī,33, 36

dharma(s), 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 31, 33, 34, 35, 36, 43, 75 emptiness of, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 78n14 nonarising of, 6, 16 Dharma, 3, 8, 9, 14, 15, 18, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 43, 46, 48, 50, 53, 54, 55, 58, 68,71-72, 73, 74, 75, 78n7, 80n33

approach(es)/entrances/gate, 4, 22, 23, 27, 29, 34, 36, 38 body(ies), 5, 7, 25, 33, 35, 40, 58, 79n17

lecture(s), 50, 58, 72 master, 3, 4

preacher/teacher(s), 33, 43, 50, 52, 55, 56, 57, 68, 72

precepts/rules, 40, 42 realm(s), 18, 20 semblance, 37

speech/voices/words, 15, 26, 29, 36 teachings, 15, 28, 31, 32 true, 21

wheel of, 13, 32, 34, 36 See alsoThree Treasures Dharmaguptaka school, xvii, xx, 79n19 See also Four-part Vinaya 92

Dharma King, 32 See alsoBuddha

Dharma-nature, 9, 12, 35 See alsobuddha-nature; tathāgatanature dhūta. See austerities dhyāna, 4, 77n5 See also concentration; meditation divination, 60

See alsofortune-telling, precepts against

divine eye, 28, 29 doubt(s), 5, 12 E

East, 4, 39

East Asia(n), xviii, xix Buddhism, xvii, 77n6, 80n31 schools, xviii, xx eight difficult circumstances/difficulties, 12, 31, 49, 67, 74, 78n11, 80n28 eighteen elements, 8 eighteen noble ones, 31, 32 eight fields of merit, 51, 59 eight inverted views/eight inversions, 9, 10, 11, 12, 78n9 See alsoview(s), false/mistaken/wrong eight kinds of spiritual beings, 43 emptiness, 9, 11, 13-19, 21, 24, 26, 32-33, 35, 60

contemplation/samādhiof, 8, 19 of dharmas, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 27, 78n14

emptied/emptying/emptiness of, 9, 10, 14, 17, 18, 33, 35 of nonarising, 9, 20 one/single, 19, 20 path of, 11, 12, 18 truth of, 18

two kinds of, 21, 24 wisdom of, 10, 20, 22, 23, 32

Index

emptiness, wishlessness, and signlessness, 11

enlightenment, 30, 34, 36, 41, 65, 75 aspiration/determination/intention for, mind of, 13, 40, 42, 47, 53, 61, 62, 71 peerless/perfect, 5, 41, 42 place/site of, 40, 41 of Śākyamuni/Vairocana, 5, 32, 40, 42 thirty-seven factors of, 22 eunuch(s), 43, 66, 68 evil(s), 14, 26, 28, 30, 45, 51, 54, 65, 67, 72, 74

intent/intention(s), 52, 60 lands/world, 29, 61 non-Buddhists, 70, 73 people/person(s), 47, 53, 61, 70 ten, 12, 25

three grades of, 14 See alsodestinies, three evil; teaching(s), evil F

faith, 3, 6, 9, 17, 27, 47, 68, 70, 72, 74, 75, 78n13

correct/true, 11, 13, 14 in the Great Vehicle, 46, 62 markless, as point of departure for all practices, 17

and moral discipline, 42 See alsoseven holy assets faithful donors, 63-64 falconry, as improper livelihood, precept against, 60

Fanwang jing. See Brahmā' s Net Sutra

Fanwangjing pusa jieben shu,xviii, xix father(s) and mother(s), 32, 35, 42, 47, 51, 55, 59

killing, 51, 68, 80n27 See alsoparents; relations/relatives fault-finding, precept against, 45-46 Fazang, xviii, xix, 79n20, 80nn32, 34 filial/filial piety, xix, 52, 60, 63, 72 fire(s), 29, 55, 63, 66, 67 setting, precept against, 52-53 five pungent roots, precept against eating, 49

Flower Ornament Sutra,xix See also Buddha Flower Sutra Flower Radiance King Great Wisdom Illumination, 7

fortune-telling, precepts against, 60, 62 See alsodivination four continents, 6 See alsoJambudvīpa(s) four elements, 25

four groups of Buddhist believers/disciples/followers, 72 See alsolaymen and laywomen; monk(s); nun(s)

four modes of deportment, 9 Four Noble Truths, 35 Four-part Vinaya,xvii, xx, 79n19 See also vinaya(s)/Vinaya four seas, 4, 25

G

gambling, as idleness, precept against, 62 games, 62

See also danqi

Ganges River(s), 38 Gautama, 79n18

See alsoŚākyamuni; Siddhār tha giving, 6, 15, 61

See alsoten nourishing mental states/ten stages of nurturance government official(s), 48, 54, 57, 67, 72 Great Vehicle, 17, 19, 20, 57 faith in, 46, 62

scriptures/sutras and vinayas, 50, 53, 58, 63, 66, 67, 69, 71 See alsoMahayana

93

Index

H

Hanguk bulgyo jeonseo(Collected Works of Korean Buddhism), 80n34 harmony, living in, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 heaven(s):

Brahmā, 40

eighteen, 42, 43, 68 four, 22, 34

long-life, 78n11 of Mahêśvara, 40 Nirmāṇarati, 39 Paranirmitavaśavartin, 39 six, of the desire realm, 42, 43, 68 fourth, 39

Yama, 39

hell, 73, 78n11 of uninterrupted suffering, 37 Hinayana, 78n9

canon/texts, xx, 3 Prātimokṣa/precepts/vinaya, xvii, xix, xx, xxi, 79n19

See alsoBuddhism, Theravāda and Nikāya; vehicle(s), lesser Huayan jing. See Flower Ornament Sutra I

idleness, precept against, 62 ill/illness, 51, 59, 66, 78-79n16 illumination, 5, 7, 11, 14, 17, 18-19, 21, 26, 28, 32, 33

illusion/illusory, 11, 12, 13, 20 ill-will, 12, 25, 53, 78n7 image(s) of bodhisattva(s)/buddha(s), 57, 61, 65, 72

confession/repentance/taking precepts and vows before, 56, 57, 65, 69 selling, precept against, 61 impermanence, 26, 78n9 Indra, 39, 40

94

J

Jambudvīpa(s), 6, 39, 40 Japan, xix

K

Kalpanā maṇḍitikā,80n31 Kapilavastu, 3, 39 karma, 17, 18, 20, 24, 28, 77n5 karmic:

activities, three, 55-56 flux, 23, 24

formation, 12, 13 fruit/effects/retribution, 13, 18, 24 killing, 60, 78n8, 79n20 abstaining from, 13 animals, 55

an arhat, 68, 80n27 father(s) or mother(s), 51, 68, 80n27 precept against, 44, 80n25 teacher(s), 68, 80n27 kindness, 6, 9, 13, 23, 39 king(s), 3, 42, 43, 48, 52, 54, 56, 57, 58, 65, 66, 67, 68, 70, 72, 73 Brahmā/of Brahmā Heaven, 4, 40 deva,39

wheel-turning, 48 Korea, xix

See alsoSilla

Kumārajīva, xix, 3, 4 L

lay believers/practitioners, xvii, 67, 80nn25, 26

See alsobodhisattva(s), householder/lay; laymen and laywomen; laypeople laymen and laywomen, 37, 74 laypeople, xvii, xx, xxi, 72, 79-80n24 liberation, 9, 18, 24, 30, 31, 35, 36, 77n6, 79n19

entrances, 33

knowledge of, 29, 30 stage of, 21, 77n5

livelihood, improper, precept against, 60 lotus(es), 5, 36, 38, 39 flower/store platform, 6, 41 -radiance, 7, 39

thrones, 27

See alsoworld(s), lotus flower platform store/treasury

lust/lustful behavior, 13, 60, 67 precept against, 44, 80n25 lying, intentional, precept against, xx, 45 M

magical spells, 44

Mahayana, xvii, xviii, xix, 4, 78n9 moral code/Prātimokṣa/vinaya, xx precepts, xviii, xix, xx-xxi stages, xviii

texts, 3

See also Great Vehicle Mahayana Yoga of the Adamantine Ocean, Mañjuśrī with a Thousand Arms and Thousand Bowls: Great King of Tantras,78n7 Mahêśvara, 4, 39, 40, 79 māra(s), 21, 33, 34, 35 mark(s), 7, 8, 9, 13, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 34, 35, 57, 75

See alsobuddha(s), eighty minor and thirty-two major marks markless/marklessness, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 17, 20, 21

Māyā, 39

meat, eating, precept against, 49 meditation(s), 58, 65, 66, 77n6 of calmness and insight, 10 mistaken, 20

retreat(s), 59, 66

ten/ten limbs of, 16, 22, 39, 69 See alsoconcentration; contemplation; dhyāna; samādhi Index

Middle Way, 10, 11, 18, 19, 21, 22, 26, 28, 33

military affairs/battles/matters, xvii, 52, 62 mindfulness, 7, 18, 19, 31, 77n6 no loss of, 31

six kinds of, 18

three bases of, 77-78n6 See alsoconcentration, mindful mind-ground(s), 3, 4, 5, 6, 38, 40, 75, 78n15

monastic(s), xvii, 73 dwellings/quarters, 52, 58, 66 requisites, 65

robes, 65, 68

dyeing of, precept regarding, 68 rules and regulations, xvii monk(s), xx, xxi, 4, 37, 42, 48, 51, 52, 54, 58-63, 65-68, 72, 74, 79n23, 80nn27, 31

bodhisattva, 58, 59, 65, 72 code of behavior/precepts for, xvii, xx, 79n19, 80n25

personal invitations to/from, precepts against, 59-60

renunciant, xvii, 72 See also bhikṣu

moral/morality, xix, 6, 8-9, 77n5 See alsoprecept(s)

moral code/discipline, 41, 42, 51, 67, 79 of the Buddha/Seven Buddhas, 63, 70, 72, 74

of the Great Vehicle/Mahayana, xx, 50, 53

using to gather believers, 67-68 See alsoPrātimokṣa;precept(s); vinaya(s)/Vinaya

music, listening to, 64 precept against, 62, 79-80n24 Mysterious Penetration Flower Radiance King, 5

95

Index

N

Nirvana Sutra,xix

nominal, 9, 10, 12, 17, 18 nonarising, 9, 11, 16, 17, 19 of dharmas, 6, 16

emptiness of, 9, 20 nonattachment, 8, 13, 14, 23 non-Buddhist(s), 20, 35, 45, 47, 51, 53, 58, 60, 61, 62, 66, 70, 73 mistaken beliefs/theories/views of, 11, 17, 53, 78n9

nonproduction, 9, 11, 14 nonretrogression, 7, 19, 77n6 nun(s), xvii, 61, 66, 67, 68, 74 precepts for, xx, 79n19, 80n25 See also bhikṣuṇī

O

offering(s), 27, 48, 50, 51, 53, 59, 63, 69, 71, 72, 76

acceptance of, precepts against, 59, 63, 70

burning of body, arm, or fingers as, 53 One Vehicle, 20

See alsovehicle(s) P

parents, 52, 61, 63, 67, 68, 72, 73, 78n12 murder/slaughter of, 55, 56 See alsofather(s) and mother(s); relations/relatives parsimony, precepts against, 46, 53 patience, 6, 7, 9

See alsoten departures/ten stages of departure toward the destination phrenology. Seefortune-telling, precepts against

pity, 6, 13-14, 23, 75 See also ten nourishing mental states/ ten stages of nurturance 96

political influence/intrigues/turmoil, xvii, 54, 65

poṣadha,65

See alsoprecept(s), confession; upoṣatha

Prātimokṣa,xviii, 37, 41, 42, 43, 74, 79n19

"Hinayana" and "Mahayana, " 79n19

ten/ten-part, 40, 43-48 See alsomoral code/discipline; precept(s); vinaya(s)/Vinaya pratyekabuddhas, 77n6 See alsovehicle(s), two precept(s), xviii, xx-xxi, 8, 26, 37-38, 40, 41-43, 50-65, 66-74, 75, 76, 78n7, 79n19, 80nn31, 34 bodhisattva, xviii, xx, 3, 4, 37, 41-42, 43, 48, 54, 57, 69, 73, 74, 79n19 confession, 65, 79n19 eight, 49, 79n24

five, 49, 80nn25, 26 forty-eight minor, xviii, xx, xxi, 41, 48-74

Great Vehicle/Mahayana, xvii, xviiii, xix, xx, xxi, 42, 70 Hinayana, xix, xx, xxi ten, xviii, xx, xxi, 3, 8-9, 41, 44-47, 49, 65, 69, 71, 73, 78n8, 79nn19, 24; 80n26

See alsomoral/morality; moral code/ discipline; Prātimokṣa; vinaya(s)/ Vinaya

preceptor(s), xxi, 42, 54, 57, 59, 67, 68, 69, 79n23

Pure Land, 22, 29

Pusajie yishu,xviii, xix Pusa yingluo benye jing,xviii Q

Qin dynasty, 3, 4

quiescence/quiescent, 10, 12

R

realm(s), 3, 7, 12, 29, 35 buddha/of the Buddha, 7, 22, 25, 27, 33, 34, 35, 36

Dharma, 18, 20

desire, six heavens of, 42, 43 human/of sentient beings/worldlings, 27, 35, 80n25

māra,34

See alsothree realms rebirth(s), 13, 28, 30, 55, 74, 75, 80n25 See alsodestinies

relations/relatives, 45, 53, 68 six kinds of, 52, 78n12, 79n22 See alsofather(s) and mother(s); parents; siblings

relinquishment, 24-25 repentance, xxi, 38, 49, 57 See alsoprecept(s), confession Rocana, 5, 6, 7, 38, 79n17 See alsoVairocana

S

Saichō, xix

Śākya(s), 6, 38, 39 Śākyamuni, 4-5, 31, 39-40, 41, 42, 59, 74, 80n33

See alsoBuddha; Gautama; Siddhār tha samādhi(s), 10, 21, 25, 30, 31, 32, 34, 77n5

of all buddha essences, 33 approach/entrances, 33, 36 beneficent, 15

Buddha's roar, 32

of emptiness/that understands the emptiness of essences, 8, 13 of essential caring speech, 15 essential nature space lotus-radiance/ marvelous flower/of great brilliant flower radiance/radiant flower, 5, 25, 27, 39

Index

hundred, 16, 30

markless, of immeasurable activity and immeasurable mind, 10 of the path of teaching and conversion, 23

peak/summit, 12, 21, 27 of perfect cessation of thought, 12 of the sameness of dharmas, 16 of space-penetrating illumination, 5 of the stage of the king of the Dharma, 32

See also meditation śamatha. See meditation, of calmness and insight

sangha, xviii, xx, 49, 50, 72 disrupting, 58, 68, 80n27 maintaining, precepts regarding, 58-60 self, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 26, 28, 75

emptiness of, 78n14 view(s) of, 8, 12, 78n9 selflessness, 13

self-nature(s), 14, 40 Sengzhao, 3

sensation(s), 12, 13, 17, 23, 26, 64 three, 26

sense fields, twelve, 8, 17 Seven Buddhas, 60, 70, 73, 74 seven heinous acts, 49, 52, 56, 67, 68, 69, 80n27

seven holy assets, 15, 78n13 seven precious metals, 48, 56, 58, 71 siblings, 35, 52, 55, 56, 67, 78n12 See alsorelations/relatives Siddhār tha, 40

See alsoBuddha; Gautama; Śākyamuni Silla, xx

See alsoKorea

skandha. Seeaggregate(s) skillful means, 10, 17, 27, 28, 29, 44, 76 path of, 23, 27

97

Index

sorcery. Seelivelihood, improper, precept against

speech, 31

caring/good/right, 6, 15, 45 false/wrong, 45, 50n25 See alsoactions/deeds, speech, and thought; body, speech, and mind śrāvakas, 53, 77n6 See alsovehicle(s), two stealing, xx, 8, 13, 44, 60, 78nn7, 8 precept against, xx, 44, 80n25 stupas, 66, 72

Śuddhodana, 40

suffering, 9, 13, 14, 16, 20, 23-24, 26, 29, 37, 78n16

awareness/consciousness of, 13, 23-24, 26

compounded, 23, 24 three kinds of, 23, 78-79n16 truth of, 23, 24, 26 Sui dynasty, xvii

supernatural/supernomal cognition/ power(s), 5, 10, 26, 31, 32, 33 ten, 22, 29, 30

Sutra for Humane Kings,xix Sutra of Māra

'

s Conversion,39

T

Tang dynasty, xx

tathāgata/Tathāgata, 4, 34, 35 See alsoBuddha

tathāgata-nature, 35 See alsoDharma-nature; buddha-nature teaching(s), 4, 8, 18, 20, 22, 23, 36, 38, 39, 40, 45, 53, 54, 63, 72, 74, 75, 76 buddhas/Buddha's/Buddhist, 20, 22, 25, 32, 38, 40, 41, 51, 63, 78n11 Dharma, 15, 28, 31, 32 evil, 13

ten adamantine mental states/ten admantine stages, 6-7, 17-31, 42, 47, 53, 63 ten departures/ten stages of departure toward the destination, xviii, 6, 7, 8-13, 31, 42, 47, 53, 63 ten grounds, xviii, 5, 7, 8, 21-36, 39, 42, 47

ten nourishing mental states/ten stages of nurturance, xviii, 6, 7, 13-17, 47, 53, 63

ten unwholesome actions/activities, 13, 22 ten wholesome precepts, 8, 12, 78n7 three divisions of time, 14, 29, 30, 38 three realms, 10, 17, 19, 20, 24, 31, 32 Three Treasures, 9, 11, 38, 42, 47, 58, 63, 70, 71

denigration/despoiling of, 47, 54, 60, 72 Tiantai, xix

Tiantai pusajie shu,xviii thusness, 15, 16, 20 treachery, precept against, 54 truth(s), 9, 18

cardinal, 15, 33, 56, 69 one/single, 10, 11, 20, 24, 25, 26 of suffering, 23, 24 See alsoFour Noble Truths; two truths two truths, 11, 18, 20, 22, 31, 35 conventional, 9, 17, 18, 27 ultimate, 17, 18, 22, 33 U

Uijeok, 80n34

unconditioned, 17, 32, 35 See alsoconditioned unwholesome, 14, 28, 29, 46 upoṣatha,79n19

See also poṣadha;precept(s), confession V

Vairocana, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 13, 17, 21, 38, 39, 40, 41, 74, 79n17 See alsoRocana

98

vehicle(s), 20, 22, 28 correct/true, 61, 62 lesser, 50

two, 45, 51, 53, 58, 62 See alsoGreat Vehicle; Hinayana; Mahayana; One Vehicle view(s), 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 17, 19, 26, 27, 34, 36, 48, 50, 51, 58 buddha, 34

correct/right, 9, 24, 45, 58 false/mistaken/wrong, 8, 11, 14, 16, 17, 45, 47, 58, 70, 78nn7, 8 of self, 8, 10, 12, 78n9 sixty-two, 12

See alsoeight inverted views/eight inversions

vinaya(s)/Vinaya, xvii-xx, 46, 50, 54, 56, 57, 58, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 79n19 Great Vehicle/Mahayana, xix, xx, 53, 63, 66, 67, 69, 71 Hinayana/of the two vehicles, xvii, xx, 53

See also Bodhisattva Vinaya Sutra; Four-part Vinaya; Prātimokṣa vipaśyanā. See meditation, of calmness and insight

vision, xxi, 3, 28, 57, 75, 77n6 of buddha(s)/Buddha, xxi, 55, 57, 74 vows, 6, 11, 57, 61, 63-65, 74 great, 22, 30

ten, 30, 39, 63

W

Way, 3, 12, 13, 14, 16, 19, 21, 24, 27, 32, 33, 66, 76

weapons, amassing, precept against, 51 Index

wholesome/wholesomeness, 10, 14, 28, 29, 37, 46, 52

faith, 46, 62

root(s), 9, 15, 23, 24, 46 wisdom, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 20-21, 23-24, 27, 28, 29, 31, 34, 35, 45, 75, 77-78n6, 78n13 of emptiness, 10, 20, 21, 22, 23, 32-33 of equality, 21

essence of/of the essence/of the essential nature, 7, 9, 10, 16, 23-24, 28 inexplicable observing, 10 of no-self, 16

path of/vehicle, 15, 20, 21 perfection of, 20 of thusness, 20

Wonhyo, xviii

world(s), 4, 5-6, 15, 21, 25, 32, 36, 37, 39, 40, 56, 61, 68, 70, 74, 75 lotus flower platform store/treasury, 4-5, 7, 38, 39, 74 sahā, 40

World-honored One, 7, 36, 42 See alsoBuddha

worldlings, 27, 40 worldly, 10, 19, 78n11 world-oceans, ten, 39 world-renunciant, 79n18 Y

Yao Xing, 3

Z

zeal, 6, 9

See alsoten departures/ten stages of departure toward the destination Zhiyi, xviii, xix 99

BDK English Tripiṭaka (First Series)

BDK English Tripiṭaka (First Series) Abbreviations Ch.: Chinese Skt.: Sanskrit Jp.: Japanese Eng.: Published title Title Taishō No. Ch. Chang ahan jing (長阿含經) 1 Skt. Dīrghāgama Eng. The Canonical Book of the Buddha '

s Lengthy Discourses (Volume I, 2015) The Canonical Book of the Buddha '

s Lengthy Discourses (Volume II, 2017) Ch. Zhong ahan jing (中阿含經) 26 Skt. Madhyamāgama Eng. The Madhyama Āgama (Middle-length Discourses) (Volume I, 2013) Ch. Dasheng bensheng xindi guan jing (大乘本生心地觀經) Ch. Fo suoxing zan (佛所行讃) 159 192

Skt. Buddhacarita Eng. Buddhacarita: In Praise of Buddha '

s Acts(2009) Ch. Zabao zang jing (雜寶藏經) 203 Eng. The Storehouse of Sundry Valuables(1994) Ch. Faju piyu jing (法句譬喩經) 211 Eng. The Scriptural Text: Verses of the Doctrine, with Parables(1999) Ch. Xiaopin banruo boluomi jing (小品般若波羅蜜經) 227 Skt. Aṣṭasāhasrikā-prajñāpāramitā-sūtra 101

101

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Ch. Jingang banruo boluomi jing (金剛般若波羅蜜經) Skt. Vajracchedikā-prajñāpāramitā-sūtra 235

Ch. Daluo jingang bukong zhenshi sanmoye jing 243 (大樂金剛不空眞實三麼耶經)

Skt. Adhyardhaśatikā-prajñāpāramitā-sutra Eng. The Sutra of the Vow of Fulfilling the Great Perpetual Enjoyment and Benefiting All Sentient Beings Without Exception(in Esoteric Texts,2015) Ch. Renwang banruo boluomi jing (仁王般若波羅蜜經) 245 Skt.

*Kāruṇikārājā-prajñāpāramitā-sutra Ch. Banruo boluomiduo xin jing (般若波羅蜜多心經) 251 Skt. Prajñāpāramitāhṛdaya-sutra Ch. Miaofa lianhua jing (妙法蓮華經) 262 Skt. Saddharmapuṇḍarīka-sutra Eng. The Lotus Sutra(Revised Second Edition, 2007) Ch. Wuliangyi jing (無量義經) 276 Eng. The Infinite Meanings Sutra(in Tiantai Lotus Texts,2013) Ch. Guan Puxian pusa xingfa jing (觀普賢菩薩行法經) 277 Eng. The Sutra Expounded by the Buddha on Practice of the Way through Contemplation of the Bodhisattva All-embracing Goodness(in Tiantai Lotus Texts,2013) Ch. Dafangguang fo huayan jing (大方廣佛華嚴經) 279 Skt. Avataṃsaka-sutra

Ch. Shengman shizihou yisheng defang bianfang guang jing 353 (勝鬘師子吼一乘大方便方廣經)

Skt. Śrīmālādevīsiṃhanāda-sutra Eng. The Sutra of Queen Śrīmālā of the Lion '

s Roar(2004)

Ch. Wuliangshou jing (無量壽經) 360 Skt. Sukhāvatīvyūha

Eng. The Larger Sutra on Amitāyus(in The Three Pure Land Sutras, Revised Second Edition, 2003) Ch. Guan wuliangshou fo jing (觀無量壽佛經) 365 Skt.

Eng. *Amitāyurdhyāna-sutra The Sutra on Contemplation of Amitāyus (in The Three Pure Land Sutras,Revised Second Edition, 2003) 102

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Ch. Amituo jing (阿彌陀經) 366 Skt. Sukhāvatīvyūha

Eng. The Smaller Sutra on Amitāyus(in The Three Pure Land Sutras, Revised Second Edition, 2003) Ch. Da banniepan jing (大般涅槃經) 374 Skt. Mahāparinirvana-sutra Eng. The Nirvana Sutra(Volume I, 2013) Ch. Fochuibo niepan lüeshuo jiaojie jing (佛垂般涅槃略説教誡經) 389 Eng. The Bequeathed Teaching Sutra(in Apocryphal Scriptures,2005) Ch. Dizang pusa benyuan jing (地藏菩薩本願經) 412 Skt.

*Kṣitigarbhapraṇidhāna-sutra Ch. Banzhou sanmei jing (般舟三昧經) 418 Skt. Pratyutpanna-buddhasammukhāvasthita-samādhi-sutra Eng. The Pratyutpanna Samādhi Sutra(1998) Ch. Yaoshi liuli guang rulai benyuan gongde jing 450 (藥師琉璃光如來本願功徳經)

Skt. Bhaiṣajyaguru-vaiḍūrya-prabhāsa-pūrvapraṇidhāna-viśeṣavistara Ch. Mile xiasheng chengfo jing (彌勒下生成佛經) 454 Skt.

*Maitreyavyākaraṇa

Eng. The Sutra that Expounds the Descent of Maitreya Buddha and His Enlightenment(2016) Ch. Wenshushili wen jing (文殊師利問經) 468 Skt.

*Mañjuśrīparipṛcchā

Eng. The Sutra of Mañjuśrī' s Questions(2016)

Ch. Weimojie suoshuo jing (維摩詰所説經) 475 Skt. Vimalakīrtinirdeśa-sutra Eng. The Vimalakīrti Sutra(2004) Ch. Yueshangnü jing (月上女經) 480 Skt. Candrottarādārikā-paripṛcchā Ch. Zuochan sanmei jing (坐禪三昧經) 614 Eng. The Sutra on the Concentration of Sitting Meditation(2009) Ch. Damoduoluo chan jing (達磨多羅禪經) Ch. Yuedeng sanmei jing (月燈三昧經) 618 639

Skt. Samādhirāja-candrapradīpa-sutra 103

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Ch. Shoulengyan sanmei jing (首楞嚴三昧經) Skt. Śūraṅgamasamādhi-sutra Eng. The Śūraṅgama Samādhi Sutra(1998) Ch. Jinguang ming zuishengwang jing (金光明最勝王經) Skt. Suvarṇaprabhāsa-sutra Ch. Dasheng rulengqie jing (大乘入楞伽經) Skt. Laṅkāvatāra-sutra 642

665

672

Ch. Jie shenmi jing (解深密經) 676 Skt. Saṃdhinirmocana-sutra Eng. The Scripture on the Explication of Underlying Meaning(2000) Ch. Yulanpen jing (盂蘭盆經) 685 Skt.

*Ullambana-sutra

Eng. The Ullambana Sutra(in Apocryphal Scriptures,2005) Ch. Sishierzhang jing (四十二章經) 784 Eng. The Sutra of Forty-two Sections(in Apocryphal Scriptures,2005) Ch. Dafangguang yuanjue xiuduoluo liaoyi jing (大方廣圓覺修多羅了義經) Eng. The Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment (in Apocryphal Scriptures,2005) 842

Ch. Da Biluzhena chengfo shenbian jiachi jing (大毘盧遮那成佛神變加持經) Skt. Mahāvairocanābhisambodhi-vikurvitādhiṣṭhāna-vaipulyasūtrendrarājanāma-dharmaparyāya Eng. The Vairocanābhisaṃbodhi Sutra(2005) 848

Ch. Jinggangding yiqie rulai zhenshi she dasheng xianzheng dajiao wang jing (金剛頂一切如來眞實攝大乘現證大教王經) 865 Skt. Sarvatathāgata-tattvasaṃgraha-mahāyānā-bhisamaya-mahākalparāja Eng. The Adamantine Pinnacle Sutra(in Two Esoteric Sutras,2001) Ch. Suxidi jieluo jing (蘇悉地羯囉經) 893 Skt. Susiddhikara-mahātantra-sādhanopāyika-paṭala Eng. The Susiddhikara Sutra(in Two Esoteric Sutras,2001) Ch. Modengqie jing (摩登伽經) 1300 Skt.

*Mātaṅgī-sutra

Eng. The Mātaṅga Sutra(in Esoteric Texts,2015) 104

BDK English Tripiṭaka Title Taishō No.

Ch. Mohe sengqi lü (摩訶僧祇律) Skt. *Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya 1425

Ch. Sifen lü (四分律) 1428 Skt.

*Dharmaguptaka-vinaya Ch. Shanjianlü piposha (善見律毘婆沙) 1462 Pāli Samantapāsādikā Ch. Fanwang jing (梵網經) 1484 Skt.

*Brahmajāla-sutra

Eng. The Brahmā'

s Net Sutra(2017)

Ch. Youposaijie jing (優婆塞戒經) 1488 Skt. Upāsakaśīla-sutra Eng. The Sutra on Upāsaka Precepts(1994) Ch. Miaofa lianhua jing youbotishe (妙法蓮華經憂波提舍) 1519 Skt. Saddharmapuṇḍarīka-upadeśa Eng. The Commentary on the Lotus Sutra(in Tiantai Lotus Texts,2013) Ch. Shizha biposha lun (十住毘婆沙論) 1521 Skt.

*Daśabhūmika-vibhāṣā Ch. Fodijing lun (佛地經論) 1530 Skt.

*Buddhabhūmisutra-śāstra Eng. The Interpretation of the Buddha Land(2002) Ch. Apidamojushe lun (阿毘達磨倶舍論) 1558 Skt. Abhidharmakośa-bhāṣya Ch. Zhonglun (中論) 1564 Skt. Madhyamaka-śāstra Ch. Yüqie shidilun (瑜伽師地論) 1579 Skt. Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra Ch. Cheng weishi lun (成唯識論) 1585 Eng. Demonstration of Consciousness Only (in Three Texts on Consciousness Only,1999) Ch. Weishi sanshilun song (唯識三十論頌) 1586 Skt. Triṃśikā

Eng. The Thirty Verses on Consciousness Only (in Three Texts on Consciousness Only,1999) 105

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Ch. Weishi ershi lun (唯識二十論) 1590 Skt. Viṃśatikā

Eng. The Treatise in Twenty Verses on Consciousness Only (in Three Texts on Consciousness Only,1999) Ch. She dasheng lun (攝大乘論) 1593 Skt. Mahāyānasaṃgraha

Eng. The Summary of the Great Vehicle(Revised Second Edition, 2003) Ch. Bian zhongbian lun (辯中邊論) 1600 Skt. Madhyāntavibhāga

Ch. Dasheng zhuangyanjing lun (大乘莊嚴經論) 1604 Skt. Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra Ch. Dasheng chengye lun (大乘成業論) 1609 Skt. Karmasiddhiprakaraṇa Ch. Jiujing yisheng baoxing lun (究竟一乘寳性論) 1611 Skt. Ratnagotravibhāga-mahāyānottaratantra-śāstra Ch. Yinming ruzheng li lun (因明入正理論) 1630 Skt. Nyāyapraveśa

Ch. Dasheng ji pusa xue lun (大乘集菩薩學論) 1636 Skt. Śikṣāsamuccaya

Ch. Jingangzhen lun (金剛針論) 1642 Skt. Vajrasūcī

Ch. Zhang suozhi lun (彰所知論) 1645 Eng. The Treatise on the Elucidation of the Knowable(2004) Ch. Putixing jing (菩提行經) 1662 Skt. Bodhicaryāvatāra

Ch. Jingangding yuqie zhongfa anouduoluo sanmiao sanputi xin lun 1665 (金剛頂瑜伽中發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心論)

Eng. The Bodhicitta Śāstra(in Esoteric Texts, 2015) Ch. Dasheng qixin lun (大乘起信論) 1666 Skt.

*Mahāyānaśraddhotpāda-śāstra Eng. The Awakening of Faith(2005) Ch. Shimoheyan lun (釋摩訶衍論) 1668 106

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Ch. Naxian biqiu jing (那先比丘經) 1670 Pāli Milindapañhā

Ch. Banruo boluomiduo xin jing yuzan (般若波羅蜜多心經幽賛) 1710 Eng. A Comprehensive Commentary on the Heart Sutra (Prajñāpāramitā-hṛdaya-sutra) (2001) Ch. Miaofalianhua jing xuanyi (妙法蓮華經玄義) 1716 Ch. Guan wuliangshou fo jing shu (觀無量壽佛經疏) 1753 Ch. Sanlun xuanyi (三論玄義) 1852 Ch. Dasheng xuan lun (大乘玄論) 1853 Ch. Zhao lun (肇論) 1858

Ch. Huayan yisheng jiaoyi fenqi zhang (華嚴一乘教義分齊章) 1866 Ch. Yuanren lun (原人論) 1886 Ch. Mohe zhiguan (摩訶止觀) 1911 Ch. Xiuxi zhiguan zuochan fayao (修習止觀坐禪法要) 1915 Ch. Tiantai sijiao yi (天台四教儀) 1931 Eng. A Guide to the Tiantai Fourfold Teachings (in Tiantai Lotus Texts,2013) Ch. Guoqing bai lu (國清百録) 1934 Ch. Zhenzhou Linji Huizhao chanshi wulu (鎭州臨濟慧照禪師語録) 1985 Eng. The Recorded Sayings of Linji(in Three Chan Classics,1999) Ch. Foguo Yuanwu chanshi biyan lu (佛果圜悟禪師碧巖録) 2003 Eng. The Blue Cliff Record(1998) Ch. Wumen guan (無門關) 2005 Eng. Wumen

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s Gate(in Three Chan Classics,1999) Ch. Liuzu dashi fabao tan jing (六祖大師法寶壇經) 2008 Eng. The Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch(2000) Ch. Xinxin ming (信心銘) 2010 Eng. The Faith-Mind Maxim(in Three Chan Classics,1999) Ch. Huangboshan Duanji chanshi chuanxin fayao (黄檗山斷際禪師傳心法要) Eng. Essentials of the Transmission of Mind(in Zen Texts,2005) 2012A

107

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Ch. Yongjia Zhengdao ge (永嘉證道歌) Ch. Chixiu Baizhang qinggui (勅修百丈清規) 2014 2025

Eng. The Baizhang Zen Monastic Regulations(2007) Ch. Yibuzonglun lun (異部宗輪論) 2031 Skt. Samayabhedoparacanacakra Eng. The Cycle of the Formation of the Schismatic Doctrines(2004) Ch. Ayuwang jing (阿育王經) 2043 Skt. Aśokāvadāna

Eng. The Biographical Scripture of King Aśoka(1993) Ch. Maming pusa zhuan (馬鳴菩薩傳) 2046 Eng. The Life of Aśvaghoṣa Bodhisattva (in Lives of Great Monks and Nuns,2002) Ch. Longshu pusa zhuan (龍樹菩薩傳) 2047 Eng. The Life of Nāgārjuna Bodhisattva (in Lives of Great Monks and Nuns,2002) Ch. Posoupandou fashi zhuan (婆藪槃豆法師傳) 2049 Eng. Biography of Dharma Master Vasubandhu (in Lives of Great Monks and Nuns,2002) Ch. Datang Daciensi Zanzang fashi zhuan (大唐大慈恩寺三藏法師傳) 2053 Eng. A Biography of the Tripiṭaka Master of the Great Ci' en

Monastery of the Great Tang Dynasty(1995) Ch. Gaoseng zhuan (高僧傳) 2059 Ch. Biqiuni zhuan (比丘尼傳) 2063 Eng. Biographies of Buddhist Nuns (in Lives of Great Monks and Nuns,2002) Ch. Gaoseng Faxian zhuan (高僧法顯傳) 2085 Eng. The Journey of the Eminent Monk Faxian (in Lives of Great Monks and Nuns,2002) Ch. Datang xiyu ji (大唐西域記) 2087 Eng. The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions(1996) Ch. Youfangjichao: Tangdaheshangdongzheng zhuan 2089-(7) (遊方記抄: 唐大和上東征傳)

108

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Ch. Hongming ji (弘明集) 2102 Eng. The Collection for the Propagation and Clarification of Buddhism (Volume I, 2015) The Collection for the Propagation and Clarification of Buddhism (Volume II, 2017) Ch. Fayuan zhulin (法苑珠林) 2122 Ch. Nanhai jigui neifa zhuan (南海寄歸内法傳) 2125 Eng. Buddhist Monastic Traditions of Southern Asia(2000) Ch. Fanyu zaming (梵語雑名) 2135 Jp. Shōmangyō gisho (勝鬘經義疏) 2185 Eng. Prince Shōtoku

'

s Commentary on the Śrīmālā Sutra(2011) Jp. Yuimakyō gisho (維摩經義疏) 2186 Eng. The Expository Commentary on the Vimalakīrti Sutra(2012) Jp. Hokke gisho (法華義疏) 2187 Jp. Hannya shingyō hiken (般若心經秘鍵) Jp. Daijō hossō kenjin shō (大乘法相研神章) Jp. Kanjin kakumu shō (觀心覺夢鈔) 2203 2309

2312

Jp. Risshū kōyō (律宗綱要) 2348 Eng. The Essentials of the Vinaya Tradition(1995) Jp. Tendai hokke shūgi shū (天台法華宗義集) 2366 Eng. The Collected Teachings of the Tendai Lotus School(1995) Jp. Kenkairon (顯戒論) 2376 Jp. Sange gakushō shiki (山家學生式) 2377 Jp. Hizōhōyaku (秘藏寶鑰) 2426 Eng. The Precious Key to the Secret Treasury(in Shingon Texts, 2004) Jp. Benkenmitsu nikyō ron (辨顯密二教論) 2427 Eng. On the Differences between the Exoteric and Esoteric Teachings(in Shingon Texts, 2004) Jp. Sokushin jōbutsu gi (即身成佛義) 2428 Eng. The Meaning of Becoming a Buddha in This Very Body (in Shingon Texts, 2004) 109

BDK English Tripiṭaka

Title Taishō No.

Jp. Shōji jissōgi (聲字實相義) 2429

Eng. The Meanings of Sound, Sign, and Reality(in Shingon Texts, 2004) Jp. Unjigi (吽字義) 2430

Eng. The Meanings of the Word Hūṃ(in Shingon Texts, 2004) Jp. Gorin kuji myōhimitsu shaku (五輪九字明秘密釋) 2514 Eng. The Illuminating Secret Commentary on the Five Cakras and the Nine Syllables(in Shingon Texts, 2004) Jp. Mitsugonin hotsuro sange mon (密嚴院發露懺悔文) 2527 Eng. The Mitsugonin Confession(in Shingon Texts,2004) Jp. Kōzen gokoku ron (興禪護國論) 2543

Eng. A Treatise on Letting Zen Flourish to Protect the State (in Zen Texts,2005)

Jp. Fukan zazengi (普勧坐禪儀) 2580

Eng. A Universal Recommendation for True Zazen (in Zen Texts,2005)

Jp. Shōbōgenzō (正法眼藏) 2582

Eng. Shōbōgenzō: The True Dharma-eye Treasury(Volume I, 2007) Shōbōgenzō: The True Dharma-eye Treasury(Volume II, 2008) Shōbōgenzō: The True Dharma-eye Treasury(Volume III, 2008) Shōbōgenzō: The True Dharma-eye Treasury(Volume IV, 2008) Jp. Zazen yōjin ki (坐禪用心記) 2586

Eng. Advice on the Practice of Zazen(in Zen Texts,2005) Jp. Senchaku hongan nenbutsu shū (選擇本願念佛集) 2608 Eng. Senchaku Hongan Nembutsu Shū: A Collection of Passages on the Nembutsu Chosen in the Original Vow(1997) Jp. Kenjōdo shinjitsu kyōgyō shōmon rui (顯淨土眞實教行証文類) 2646 Eng. Kyōgyōshinshō: On Teaching, Practice, Faith, and Enlightenment(2003)

Jp. Tannishō (歎異抄) 2661

Eng. Tannishō: Passages Deploring Deviations of Faith(1996) Jp. Rennyo shōnin ofumi (蓮如上人御文) 2668 Eng. Rennyo Shōnin Ofumi: The Letters of Rennyo(1996) Jp. Ōjōyōshū (往生要集) 2682

110

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Title Taishō No.

Jp. Risshō ankoku ron (立正安國論) 2688 Eng. Risshōankokuron or The Treatise on the Establishment of the Orthodox Teaching and the Peace of the Nation (in Two Nichiren Texts,2003) Jp. Kaimokushō (開目抄) 2689

Eng. Kaimokushō or Liberation from Blindness(2000) Jp. Kanjin honzon shō (觀心本尊抄) 2692 Eng. Kanjinhonzonshō or The Most Venerable One Revealed by Introspecting Our Minds for the First Time at the Beginning of the Fifth of the Five Five Hundred-year Ages (in Two Nichiren Texts,2003) Ch. Fumu enzhong jing (父母恩重經) 2887 Eng. The Sutra on the Profundity of Filial Love (in Apocryphal Scriptures,2005) Jp. Hasshūkōyō (八宗綱要) extracanonical Eng. The Essentials of the Eight Traditions(1994) Jp. Sangō shīki (三教指帰) extracanonical Jp. Mappō tōmyō ki (末法燈明記) extracanonical Eng. The Candle of the Latter Dharma(1994) Jp. Jūshichijō kenpō (十七條憲法) extracanonical 111